scholarly journals EmuCD: An Emulator for Content Dissemination Protocols in Vehicular Networks

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 234
Author(s):  
Ricardo Chaves ◽  
Carlos Senna ◽  
Miguel Luís ◽  
Susana Sargento ◽  
André Moreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Production Network ◽  
Radio Communication ◽  
Content Dissemination ◽  
Network Nodes ◽  
Hoc Networks

The development of protocols for mobile networks, especially for vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), presents great challenges in terms of testing in real conditions. Using a production network for testing communication protocols may not be feasible, and the use of small networks does not meet the requirements for mobility and scale found in real networks. The alternative is to use simulators and emulators, but vehicular network simulators do not meet all the requirements for effective testing. Aspects closely linked to the behaviour of the network nodes (mobility, radio communication capabilities, etc.) are particularly important in mobile networks, where a delay tolerance capability is desired. This paper proposes a distributed emulator, EmuCD, where each network node is built in a container that consumes a data trace that defines the node’s mobility and connectivity in a real network (but also allowing the use of data from simulated networks). The emulated nodes interact directly with the container’s operating system, updating the network conditions at each step of the emulation. In this way, our emulator allows the development and testing of protocols, without any relation to the emulator, whose code is directly portable to any hardware without requiring changes or customizations. Using the facilities of our emulator, we tested InterPlanetary File System (IPFS), Sprinkler and BitTorrent content dissemination protocols with real mobility and connectivity data from a real vehicular network. The tests with a real VANET and with the emulator have shown that, under similar conditions, EmuCD performs closely to the real VANET, only lacking in the finer details that are extremely hard to emulate, such as varying loads in the hardware.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Content Dissemination Strategies in Urban Vehicular Networks

Information ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonçalo Pessoa ◽  
Lucas Guardalben ◽  
Miguel Luís ◽  
Carlos Senna ◽  
Susana Sargento
Keyword(s):  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Superior Performance ◽  
Content Dissemination ◽  
Parking Lot ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
New Applications ◽  
Safety Applications

The main drivers for the continuous development of Vehicular ad-hoc Networks (VANETs) are safety applications and services. However, in recent years, new interests have emerged regarding the introduction of new applications and services for non-urgent content (e.g., videos, ads, sensing and touristic information) dissemination. However, there is a lack of real studies considering content dissemination strategies to understand when and to whom the content should be disseminated using real vehicular traces gathered from real vehicular networks. This work presents a realistic study of strategies for dissemination of non-urgent content with the main goal of improving content delivery as well as minimizing network congestion and resource usage. First, we perform an exhaustive network characterization. Then, several content strategies are specified and evaluated in different scenarios (city center and parking lot). All the obtained results show that there are two content distribution strategies that clearly set themselves apart due to their superior performance: Local Rarest Bundle First and Local Rarest Generation First.

scholarly journals Software-Defined Network-Based Vehicular Networks: A Position Paper on Their Modeling and Implementation

Sensors ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (17) ◽  
pp. 3788 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lionel Nkenyereye ◽  
Lewis Nkenyereye ◽  
S. M. Riazul Islam ◽  
Yoon-Ho Choi ◽  
Muhammad Bilal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intelligent Transportation Systems ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Mobile Network ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Software Defined Networks ◽  
Network Systems ◽  
Hoc Networks

There is a strong devotion in the automotive industry to be part of a wider progression towards the Fifth Generation (5G) era. In-vehicle integration costs between cellular and vehicle-to-vehicle networks using Dedicated Short Range Communication could be avoided by adopting Cellular Vehicle-to-Everything (C-V2X) technology with the possibility to re-use the existing mobile network infrastructure. More and more, with the emergence of Software Defined Networks, the flexibility and the programmability of the network have not only impacted the design of new vehicular network architectures but also the implementation of V2X services in future intelligent transportation systems. In this paper, we define the concepts that help evaluate software-defined-based vehicular network systems in the literature based on their modeling and implementation schemes. We first overview the current studies available in the literature on C-V2X technology in support of V2X applications. We then present the different architectures and their underlying system models for LTE-V2X communications. We later describe the key ideas of software-defined networks and their concepts for V2X services. Lastly, we provide a comparative analysis of existing SDN-based vehicular network system grouped according to their modeling and simulation concepts. We provide a discussion and highlight vehicular ad-hoc networks’ challenges handled by SDN-based vehicular networks.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the IEEE 802.11p multi-channel operation in vehicular networks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsun Behravesh ◽  
Andrew Butler
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Ieee 802.11P ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Hoc Networks

This paper explores recent improvements in 802.11p multi-channel protocol in vehicular ad-hoc networks. We provide definitions for a vehicular network and explore the operation of 802.11 within a vehicular network. We also study on areas of improvements of this protocol and briefly discuss on advantages and disadvantages of each solution.Various solutions that various researchers have done to improve the 802.11p multi-channel protocol as it applies to vehicular networks are explored in this paper.

scholarly journals Providing Adapted Contextual Information in an Overlay Vehicular Network

2010 ◽  
Vol 2010 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Santa ◽  
Andrés Muñoz ◽  
Antonio F. Gómez-Skarmeta
Keyword(s):  
Cellular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Contextual Information ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
System Operation ◽  
Ontology Model ◽  
Hoc Networks ◽  
Additional Support

Current vehicular networks are developed upon commercial solutions based on cellular networks (CNs) or vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), both present in numerous research proposals. Current approximations are not enough to cover the communication necessities of several applications at the same time, and they are not suitable for future vehicular pervasive services. The vehicular network presented in this paper fills the existent gap between solutions lacking in flexibility, mainly supported by an infrastructure deployment, and those highly local and distributed, such as sole-VANET approximations. In this manner, an overlay communication platform which can work over the CN basis has been designed and developed. This architecture is complemented by an additional support of an information system located at the infrastructure side. Moreover, since most of the information received from current notification services is not relevant for the driver, an additional subsystem has been devised to provide adapted information to users. This has been carried out by means of an ontology model which represents users' preferences and contextual information. Finally, using a whole prototype of the telematic platform, the performance of this interring process has been evaluated to point out its impact on the system operation.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the IEEE 802.11p multi-channel operation in vehicular networks

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ehsun Behravesh ◽  
Andrew Butler
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Network ◽  
Ieee 802.11P ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Hoc Networks

This paper explores recent improvements in 802.11p multi-channel protocol in vehicular ad-hoc networks. We provide definitions for a vehicular network and explore the operation of 802.11 within a vehicular network. We also study on areas of improvements of this protocol and briefly discuss on advantages and disadvantages of each solution.Various solutions that various researchers have done to improve the 802.11p multi-channel protocol as it applies to vehicular networks are explored in this paper.

scholarly journals A Cooperative Communication Protocol for QoS Provisioning in IEEE 802.11p/Wave Vehicular Networks

Sensors ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 3622 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jin-Woo Kim ◽  
Jae-Wan Kim ◽  
Dong-Keun Jeon
Keyword(s):  
Cooperative Communication ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Communication Protocol ◽  
Ieee 802.11P ◽  
The Road ◽  
Free Data ◽  
On The Road ◽  
Hoc Networks

Vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs) provide information and entertainment to drivers for safe and enjoyable driving. Wireless Access in Vehicular Environments (WAVE) is designed for VANETs to provide services efficiently. In particular, infotainment services are crucial to leverage market penetration and deployment costs of the WAVE standard. However, a low presence of infrastructure results in a shadow zone on the road and a link disconnection. The link disconnection is an obstacle to providing safety and infotainment services and becomes an obstacle to the deployment of the WAVE standard. In this paper, we propose a cooperative communication protocol to reduce performance degradation due to frequent link disconnection in the road environment. The proposed protocol provides contention-free data delivery by the coordination of roadside units (RSUs) and can provide the network QoS. The proposed protocol is shown to enhance throughput and delay through the simulation.

Vehicular Cloud Computing

2014 ◽  
pp. 262-274 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kayhan Zrar Ghafoor ◽  
Marwan Aziz Mohammed ◽  
Kamalrulnizam Abu Bakar ◽  
Ali Safa Sadiq ◽  
Jaime Lloret
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Vehicular Cloud Computing ◽  
Vehicular Cloud ◽  
Performance Improvements ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Research Outcome ◽  
Hoc Networks

Recently, Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks (VANET) have attracted the attention of research communities, leading car manufacturers, and governments due to their potential applications and specific characteristics. Their research outcome was started with awareness between vehicles for collision avoidance and Internet access and then expanded to vehicular multimedia communications. Moreover, vehicles’ high computation, communication, and storage resources set a ground for vehicular networks to deploy these applications in the near future. Nevertheless, on-board resources in vehicles are mostly underutilized. Vehicular Cloud Computing (VCC) is developed to utilize the VANET resources efficiently and provide subscribers safe infotainment services. In this chapter, the authors perform a survey of state-of-the-art vehicular cloud computing as well as the existing techniques that utilize cloud computing for performance improvements in VANET. The authors then classify the VCC based on the applications, service types, and vehicular cloud organization. They present the detail for each VCC application and formation. Lastly, the authors discuss the open issues and research directions related to VANET cloud computing.

Privacy Protection in Vehicular Ad-Hoc Networks

2014 ◽  
pp. 295-332
Author(s):  
Gongjun Yan ◽  
Danda B. Rawat ◽  
Bhed Bahadur Bista ◽  
Wu He ◽  
Awny Alnusair
Keyword(s):  
Privacy Protection ◽  
Capacity Planning ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Geographic Area ◽  
Time Varying ◽  
Detailed Simulation ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Hoc Networks

The first main contribution of this chapter is to take a non-trivial step towards providing a robust and scalable solution to privacy protection in vehicular networks. To promote scalability and robustness the authors employ two strategies. First, they view vehicular networks as consisting of non-overlapping subnetworks, each local to a geographic area referred to as a cell. Each cell has a server that maintains a list of pseudonyms that are valid for use in the cell. Each pseudonym has two components: the cell’s ID and a random number as host ID. Instead of issuing pseudonyms to vehicles proactively (as virtually all existing schemes do) the authors issue pseudonyms only to those vehicles that request them. This strategy is suggested by the fact that, in a typical scenario, only a fraction of the vehicles in an area will engage in communication with other vehicles and/or with the infrastructure and, therefore, do not need pseudonyms. The second main contribution is to model analytically the time-varying request for pseudonyms in a given cell. This is important for capacity planning purposes since it allows system managers to predict, by taking into account the time-varying attributes of the traffic, the probability that a given number of pseudonyms will be required at a certain time as well as the expected number of pseudonyms in use in a cell at a certain time. Empirical results obtained by detailed simulation confirm the accuracy of the authors’ analytical predictions.

Communiqué Issues in MANET and VANET Protocols With Network Security Disquiet

2020 ◽  
pp. 195-220 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamata Rath ◽  
Bibudhendu Pati ◽  
Jhum Swain
Keyword(s):  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Network Topology ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Course Of Action ◽  
Mobile Stations ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hoc Networks

With faster expansion of mobile networks and quicker increment of web clients, more individuals approach worldwide data and communication innovation, because of which the issues of utilizing web as a worldwide stage and empowering the savvy protests and machines to coordinate, discuss, register, and ascertain slowly develops. In mobile ad-hoc networks (MANETs) and vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANET), the mobile stations and vehicles are self-reconfigurable as per the difference in network topology. Joint action between convenient centers is more basic because of the way that they confront significant difficulties, for example, frailty to work securely while protecting its advantages and performing secure guiding among center points. In the presence of vindictive hubs, one of the rule challenges in MANET is to plot ground-breaking security course of action that can shield MANET from different routing assaults.

Formal Specification and Verification of Self-Configuring P2P Networking

2011 ◽  
pp. 170-188
Author(s):  
Phan Cong-Vinh
Keyword(s):  
Wireless Sensor Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Mobile Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Mobile Networks ◽  
Formal Specification ◽  
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Wireless Sensor ◽  
Formal Specification And Verification ◽  
Hoc Networks

In mobile environments (MEs) such as vehicular ad hoc networks (VANETs), mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs), wireless sensor networks (WSNs), and so on, formal specification of self-configuring P2P networking (SPN) emerges as a need for programming, and verifying such mobile networks. Moreover, well-specified SPN in MEs becomes a requirement of developing middleware for the mobile networks. The chapter is a reference material for readers who already have a basic understanding of the MEs for their applications and are now ready to know how to specify and verify formally aspect-oriented self-configuring P2P networking (ASPN) in MEs using categorical language, assured that their computing needs are handled correctly and efficiently. ASPN in MEs is presented in a straightforward fashion by discussing in detail the necessary components and briefly touching on the more advanced components. Several explanatory notes and examples are represented throughout the chapter as a moderation of the formal descriptions. Significant properties of ASPN in MEs, which emerge from the specification, create the firm criteria for verification.

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