A unified ontology-based data integration approach for the internet of things

<span lang="EN-US">Data integration enables combining data from various data sources in a standard format. Internet of things (IoT) applications use ontology approaches to provide a machine-understandable conceptualization of a domain. We propose a unified ontology schema approach to solve all IoT integration problems at once. The data unification layer maps data from different formats to data patterns based on the unified ontology model. This paper proposes a middleware consisting of an ontology-based approach that collects data from different devices. IoT middleware requires an additional semantic layer for cloud-based IoT platforms to build a schema for data generated from diverse sources. We tested the proposed model on real data consisting of approximately 160,000 readings from various sources in different formats like CSV, JSON, raw data, and XML. The data were collected through the file transfer protocol (FTP) and generated 960,000 resource description framework (RDF) triples. We evaluated the proposed approach by running different queries on different machines on SPARQL protocol and RDF query language (SPARQL) endpoints to check query processing time, validation of integration, and performance of the unified ontology model. The average response time for query execution on generated RDF triples on the three servers were approximately 0.144 seconds, 0.070 seconds, 0.062 seconds, respectively.</span>

A blockchain-based cooperative modeling method for digital twin ontology model of the mechanical product

With the rapid increase of multi-source heterogeneous dynamic data of mechanical products, the digital twin technology is considered to be an important method to realize the deep integration of product data and intelligent manufacturing. As a digital archive of the physical entity in entire life cycle, the mechanical product digital twin model is cross-phased and multi-domain. Therefore, safe and stable cooperative modeling has become a basic technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. In this paper, we proposed a blockchain-based collaborative modeling method for the digital twin ontology model of mechanical products. First, an authorization network was constructed among stakeholders. Then modeling processes of the digital twin were mapped to ontology operations and formatted through extensible markup language. Finally, consensuses were obtained based on practical byzantine fault tolerance. And a material modification process of a helicopter damper bearing was taken as an example to verify. The proposed method enables all participants to accurately obtain the latest state of the digital twin model, and has the advantages of tamper-proof, traceability, and decentralization.

CIDOC2VEC: Extracting Information from Atomized CIDOC-CRM Humanities Knowledge Graphs

The development of the field of digital humanities in recent years has led to the increased use of knowledge graphs within the community. Many digital humanities projects tend to model their data based on CIDOC-CRM ontology, which offers a wide array of classes appropriate for storing humanities and cultural heritage data. The CIDOC-CRM ontology model leads to a knowledge graph structure in which many entities are often linked to each other through chains of relations, which means that relevant information often lies many hops away from their entities. In this paper, we present a method based on graph walks and text processing to extract entity information and provide semantically relevant embeddings. In the process, we were able to generate similarity recommendations as well as explore their underlying data structure. This approach was then demonstrated on the Sphaera Dataset which was modeled according to the CIDOC-CRM data structure.

Digital Twin-Enabled Decision Support Services in Industrial Ecosystems

The goal of this paper is to further elaborate a new concept for value creation by decision support services in industrial service ecosystems using digital twins and to apply it to an extended case study. The aim of the original model was to design and integrate an architecture of digital twins derived from business needs that leveraged the potential of the synergies in the ecosystem. The conceptual framework presented in this paper extends the semantic ontology model for integrating the digital twins. For the original model, technical modeling approaches were developed and integrated into an ecosystem perspective based on a modeling of the ecosystem and the actors’ decision jobs. In a service ecosystem comprising several enterprises and a multitude of actors, decision making is based on the interlinkage of the digital twins of the equipment and the processes, which is achieved by the semantic ontology model further elaborated in this paper. The implementation of the digital twin architecture is shown in the example of a manufacturing SME (small and medium-sized enterprise) case that was introduced in. The mixed semantic modeling and model-based systems engineering for this implementation is discussed in further detail in this paper. The findings of this detailed study provide a theoretical concept for implementing digital twins on the level of service ecosystems and integrating digital twins based on a unified ontology. This provides a practical blueprint to companies for developing digital twin based services in their own operations and beyond in their ecosystem.

A framework analysis approach of an indoor air quality sensor

Killing around 7 million people a year, air pollution is the biggest risk to environmental health in the world. In this paper, we explore the use of structuring knowledge representation in form of a framework approach for an indoor air quality sensor. Applying the main steps to be considered in defining an air quality framework, we discuss each one of them, followed by a particular implementation of the framework in terms of an ontology model to exposure to carbon monoxide and PM10.5 (two of the most encountered pollutants in home life).

Development of ontology-based model to support learning process in LMS

<p>E-Learning is an important support mechanism for educational systems to increase the efficiency of the education process including students and teachers. The current e-learning systems typically lack the level of metacognitive awareness, adaptive tutoring, and time management skills and have not always met the expectations of the learners as required. In this study, we introduce a novel ontological model for the learning process in the e-learning domain. In the framework, we have built a domain ontology that represents knowledge of the learning, the outcome domain ontology covers the whole learning process. We focused on the learning process ontology model conceptualizing knowledge constructions, such as learning courses, and we present the created course and learning process ontology in detail. In this work, we considered three layers of learning process. The top layer defines a general framework of learning process, conceptual model layer, defines the framework of the actual process of the learning process and course ontology model contains the knowledge unit of the learning process. The prototype ontology is constructed in protégé and managed by Java web ontology language-application programming interface (OWL-API). As a result, our model can solve the problems of current e-tutor systems. Also, it can be used for different domain in e-tutor systems. It can reach the characteristics of standardization, reusability, flexibility, and open knowledge. By applying this model, we can avoid applying isolated databases. The constructed ontology can be used in the future to control adaptive intelligent e-tutor frameworks.</p>