scholarly journals Comparative Transcriptome Analysis of Female and Male Fine-Patterned Puffer: Identification of Candidate Genes Associated with Growth and Sex Differentiation

Fishes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 79
Author(s):  
Binbin Shan ◽  
Yan Liu ◽  
Changping Yang ◽  
Yuan Li ◽  
Liangming Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Complex Phenomenon ◽  
Common Phenomenon ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Comparison Analysis ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
First Time ◽  
Simple Sequence

Sexual growth dimorphism is a common phenomenon in teleost fish. However, the mechanism of this complex phenomenon remains unclear. The fine-patterned puffer (Takifugu poecilonotus; Temminck and Schlegel, 1850) exhibits female-biased sexual size dimorphism similar to other pufferfish. In this study, the transcriptomes of female and male T. poecilonotus were sequenced, 285.95 million raw read pairs were generated from sequence libraries. After identification and assembly, a total of 149,814 nonredundant unigenes were obtained with an N50 length of 3538 bp. Of these candidates, 122,719 unigenes (81.91% of the total) were successfully annotated with multiple public databases. The comparison analysis revealed 10,385 unigenes (2034 in females and 8351 in males) were differentially expressed between different sexes of T. poecilonotus. Then, we identified many candidate growth- and sex-related genes, including Dmrt1, Sox3, Spatas, Prl/Prlr, fabps, Ghr, and Igf1r. In addition to these well-known genes, Fabp4 was identified for the first time in fish. Furthermore, 68,281 simple sequence repeats (SSRs) loci were screened and identified in the transcriptome sequence of T. poecilonotus. The results of our study could provide valuable information on growth- and sex-associated genes and facilitate further exploration of the molecular mechanism of sexual growth dimorphism.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome analysis of male and female flowers in Spinacia oleracea L

BMC Genomics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Li ◽  
Ziwei Meng ◽  
Minjie Tao ◽  
Yueyuan Wang ◽  
Yulan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Splicing ◽  
Transcriptome Analysis ◽  
Spinacia Oleracea ◽  
Sex Differentiation ◽  
Alternative Polyadenylation ◽  
Gender Development ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
First Time ◽  
Female Flowers

Abstract Background Dioecious spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.), a commercial and nutritional vegetable crop, serves as a model for studying the mechanisms of sex determination and differentiation in plants. However, this mechanism is still unclear. Herein, based on PacBio Iso-seq and Illumina RNA-seq data, comparative transcriptome analysis of male and female flowers were performed to explore the sex differentiation mechanism in spinach. Results Compared with published genome of spinach, 10,800 transcripts were newly annotated; alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation and lncRNA were analyzed for the first time, increasing the diversity of spinach transcriptome. A total of 2965 differentially expressed genes were identified between female and male flowers at three early development stages. The differential expression of RNA splicing-related genes, polyadenylation-related genes and lncRNAs suggested the involvement of alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation and lncRNA in sex differentiation. Moreover, 1946 male-biased genes and 961 female-biased genes were found and several candidate genes related to gender development were identified, providing new clues to reveal the mechanism of sex differentiation. In addition, weighted gene co-expression network analysis showed that auxin and gibberellin were the common crucial factors in regulating female or male flower development; however, the closely co-expressed genes of these two factors were different between male and female flower, which may result in spinach sex differentiation. Conclusions In this study, 10,800 transcripts were newly annotated, and the alternative splicing, alternative polyadenylation and long-noncoding RNA were comprehensively analyzed for the first time in spinach, providing valuable information for functional genome study. Moreover, candidate genes related to gender development were identified, shedding new insight on studying the mechanism of sex determination and differentiation in plant.

Revision of the Litoria watjulumensis (Anura: Pelodryadidae) group from the Australian monsoonal tropics, including the resurrection of L. spaldingi

Zootaxa ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4933 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-240
Author(s):  
STEPHEN C. DONNELLAN ◽  
SARAH R. CATALANO ◽  
STEPHEN PEDERSON ◽  
KIEREN J. MITCHELL ◽  
AIDAN SUHENDRAN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Locus ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Nuclear Gene ◽  
River System ◽  
Northern Territory ◽  
Discrete Distributions ◽  
Advertisement Call ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
First Time ◽  
North Western

We show that the Wotjulum frog, Litoria watjulumensis (Copland, 1957), comprises two deeply divergent mitochondrial DNA lineages that are also reciprocally monophyletic for a nuclear gene locus and have discrete distributions. The taxa are differentiated in multivariate analysis of shape but show no appreciable differences in colour and pattern. The two taxa differ substantially in the degree of female biased sexual size dimorphism, with the western taxon showing considerably more pronounced dimorphism. We subsequently resurrect Litoria (Hyla) spaldingi (Hosmer, 1964) for populations from east of the Daly River system in the Northern Territory through to western Queensland and restrict L. watjulumensis to populations from the Kimberley region of north-western Australia and the Victoria River system of the western Northern Territory. The complex advertisement call of L. spaldingi is described for the first time. 

scholarly journals Geometric morphometrics reveals sex-differential shape allometry in a spider

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen Fernández-Montraveta ◽  
Jesús Marugán-Lobón
Keyword(s):  
Sex Differences ◽  
Geometric Morphometrics ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Egg Load ◽  
Male Size ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Life Styles ◽  
Reverse Pattern ◽  
Sexual Shape Dimorphism ◽  
First Time

Common scientific wisdom assumes that spider sexual dimorphism (SD) mostly results from sexual selection operating on males. However, testing predictions from this hypothesis, particularly male size hyperallometry, has been restricted by methodological constraints. Here, using geometric morphometrics (GMM) we studied for the first time sex-differential shape allometry in a spider (Donacosa merlini, Araneae: Lycosidae) known to exhibit the reverse pattern (i.e., male-biased) of spider sexual size dimorphism. GMM reveals previously undetected sex-differential shape allometry and sex-related shape differences that are size independent (i.e., associated to the y-intercept, and not to size scaling). Sexual shape dimorphism affects both the relative carapace-to-opisthosoma size and the carapace geometry, arguably resulting from sex differences in both reproductive roles (female egg load and male competition) and life styles (wandering males and burrowing females). Our results demonstrate that body portions may vary modularly in response to different selection pressures, giving rise to sex differences in shape, which reconciles previously considered mutually exclusive interpretations about the origins of spider SD.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome analysis of the ovary and testis of the lacustrine goby (Gobiopterus lacustris)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongdian Dong ◽  
Chengqin Huang ◽  
Hairui Zhang ◽  
Shunkai Huang ◽  
Ning Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Simple Sequence Repeat ◽  
Expression Patterns ◽  
Gonadal Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Coastal Environments ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Brackish Waters ◽  
Qpcr Analysis ◽  
First Time ◽  
Simple Sequence

ABSTRCTLacustrine goby (Gobiopterus lacustris) belongs to a genus of gobies that are small in size and endemic to freshwater, brackish waters or coastal environments around the Indian and Pacific oceans. To date, there are no genomic or transcriptomic studies on G. lacustris. Here, we constructed gonadal transcriptomes of G. lacustris for the first time and identified genes that may be involved in gonadal development and reproduction. In total, 60,657,644 and 52,016,136 clean reads were obtained from ovary and testis, respectively, using Illumina sequencing. Reads were assembled into 62,573 unigenes with N50 value of 3,082 bp and a mean length of 1,869 bp. A total of 47,891 (76.53%) unigenes were annotated in at least one of the seven databases that were used in this study. In addition, 38,550 SSRs (simple sequence repeat, microsatellite) were identified from 20,517 SSR containing sequences. Gene expression patterns in the testis and ovary were compared, and 10,954 DEGs (differentially expressed genes) were identified. Of these genes, 2,383 were up-regulated in the testis and 8,571 were up-regulated in the ovary. RT-qPCR analysis of 14 selected genes showed patterns consistent with the transcriptome results. Numerous DEGs involved in gonadal development and gametogenesis were identified, including foxl2, dmrt1, cyp19a1a, inha, inhb, sycp2, zglp1, tdrp, zps and esra. Using GO and KEGG enrichment analyses, pathways involving regulation of gonadal development and gametogenesis also identified. This work represents the first gonadal transcriptomic analysis of G. lacustris and provides a valuable dataset for future research on the genes involved in reproduction of G. lacustris.

Morphology and diet of two sympatric colubrid snakes, Chironius flavolineatus and Chironius quadricarinatus (Serpentes: Colubridae)

2008 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Otavio Augusto Vuolo Marques ◽  
Ronaldo Fernandes ◽  
Roberta Richard Pinto
Keyword(s):  
Foraging Behaviour ◽  
Sexual Size Dimorphism ◽  
Sympatric Species ◽  
Colour Pattern ◽  
Ontogenetic Variation ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Size Dimorphism ◽  
Snake Species ◽  
Dietary Ecology ◽  
Arboreal Habit

Abstract The morphometry and diet of two sympatric species of Chironius (C. flavolineatus and C. quadricarinatus) from Brazilian Cerrado are described. The two snake species differ in external morphology, as Chironius flavolineatus was the largest species (body, tail and eyes) whereas C. quadricarinatus the heaviest. Each species also showed marked sexual size dimorphism. In terms of dietary ecology, both species feed exclusively on frogs with a heavy preference for hylids and may have tendency to eat small items, as noticed in other colubrine species. These two snake species showed a brownish colour pattern and exhibited no ontogenetic variation, suggesting that juveniles and adults use similar substrates. Chironius flavolineatus and C. quadricarinatus present a semi-arboreal habit, with active foraging behaviour, feeding in the ground most of time. Chironius flavolineatus uses higher vegetation for resting and, based on morphological results, seems to be more arboreal than C. quadricarinatus.

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