Development of a Prediction Model to Estimate the Glycemic Load of Ready-to-Eat Meals

The glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (GL) of a single food item has been used to monitor blood glucose level. However, concerns regarding the clinical relevance of the GI or GL have been raised on their applicability to a combination of several foods consumed as meal. This study aimed to investigate the glycemic response after consuming commercially purchased ready-to-eat meal and to develop the GL prediction formula using the composition of nutrients in each meal. Glycemic responses were measured in healthy adults with various mixed meals comprising approximately 25 g, 50 g, and 75 g of carbohydrates. After fasting, participants consumed test meals, and the glycemic response was measured for a subsequent 120 min. The GI and GL values for mixed meals were calculated as area under curve for each participant. For the prediction formula, 70 mixed meals were analyzed, of which the GI and GL values of 64 participants were used. The prediction formula produced was as follows: GL = 19.27 + (0.39 × available carbohydrate) – (0.21 × fat) – (0.01 × protein2) – (0.01 × fiber2). We hope that this prediction formula can be used as a useful tool to estimate the GL after consuming ready-to-eat meals.

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Pengaruh diet dengan pengaturan indeks glikemik dan beban glikemik terhadap kadar glukosa darah atlet sepak bola remaja

JURNAL GIZI INDONESIA ◽

10.14710/jgi.6.1.1-8 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Tabita Prawita Siwi ◽

Fillah Fithra Dieny ◽

Deny Yudi Fitranti

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Body Fat ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Bivariate Analysis ◽

Fat Percentage ◽

Football Match ◽

Quasi Experimental

Background : Stability of blood glucose level is the important key of football match. Low Glycemic Load (GL) foods can decrease the metabolism change during postprandial time and during exercise. Objective : The purpose of this study was to know the effect of diet with arrangement Glycemic Index (GI) and GL on blood glucose level in young football athletes.Methods : Quasi experimental study on 21 male football athletes aged 14-18 years old at Pusat Pendidikan dan Latihan Pelajar (PPLP) Jawa Tengah. Subjects were divided into three groups : High GI with High GL diet (H-H) with GI=70 GL=47, Low GI with High GL diet (L-H) with GI=35 GL=22, and Low GI with Low GL diet (L-L) with GI=34 GL=6. Subjects fasted before intervention. Data collected were VO2max and body fat percentage, blood glucose level one hour after intervention (BGL 1), blood glucose level two hour after intervention (BGL 2), and blood glucose level after running exercised with distance 2.4 km (BGL 3). Bivariate analysis used Kruskall Wallis test.Results : All of groups have same characteristics of age, body fat precentage, and VO2max. There were significant effect of diet with arrangement GI and GL on BGL 1 and BGL 2 (p<0.05), there was no effect of diet with arrangement GI and GL on BGL 3 (p>0.05).Conclusion : Diets with arrangement Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load affected blood glucose level one hour and two hour after intervention. The increases of blood glucose level occured significantly in group that given low Glycemic Index and low Glycemic Load diet.

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The Effectiveness of the “Panjang” Poffertjes Consumption on Blood Glucose Level

Current Nutrition & Food Science ◽

10.2174/1573401317666210617155532 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 ◽

Author(s):

Sofyawati D. Talibo ◽

Imran Tumenggung ◽

Fatmayanti Nawai ◽

Rahma Labatjo

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Blood Sugar Level ◽

Sweet Corn ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Postprandial Blood Glucose ◽

A Value

Background: Fragrant pandan leaf extract (Pandanus amayllifolius Roxb.) has pharmacological activity as an anti-diabetes, while sweet corn is believed to be a staple food or snack for people with diabetes mellitus. Thus, the foods could be used as an alternative to anti-diabetic functional food. Objective: This study aims to investigate the effectiveness of “Panjang” poffertjes consumption with the addition of pandan leaves extract and sweet corn on the blood glucose level. Methods: This study employs a randomized controlled trial approach with the pre-and post-test design. The data collected on the value of the glycemic index, glycemic load, and the results of 2 hours postprandial (pp) blood sugar level examination after consuming two Poffertjes formulas. The glycemic index (GI) was calculated by employing incremental area under the blood glucose response curve method for ten subjects and a 2-hour postprandial (pp) blood sugar level examination in 25 subjects with the range age between 18-24 years, with normal nutritional status (BMI = 18.58-23.88), 100% had no history of diabetes, did not smoke or alcohol and were not allergic to the tested food ingredients. Results: The results show that the glycemic index of control Poffertjes obtained a value of 71.88 (high category), and “Panjang” Poffertjes got 52.82 (low category). The glycemic load of control Poffertjes obtained a value of 12.78 (medium category), while “Panjang” Poffertjes attained a value of 6.37 (low category). The difference in the average reduction in blood glucose with the intervention poffertjes was 11.08 mg/dl. Conclusion: The provision of “Panjang” poffertjes has a significant effect on the decrease in two-hour postprandial blood glucose level.

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Value added Indian flat breads with Ashwagandha and its glycemic response among normal healthy subjects

Asian Journal of Dairy and Food Research ◽

10.18805/ajdfr.dr-1248 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Neelam Chaturvedi, Nishtha Raj and Ayush Borah

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Healthy Subjects ◽

Functional Foods ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Value Added ◽

Glycemic Response ◽

Carbohydrate Quality ◽

Improve Glucose Tolerance ◽

Low Glycemic Index

The glycemic index (GI) provides an indication of carbohydrate quality whereas glycemic load (GL) provides carbohydrates quantity in a food and the insulin demand. Diet with low glycemic index and glycemic load have been shown to improve glucose tolerance on normal healthy subjects so there is a need for a more diversified range of foods with a low glycemic response. The objective of present work was to formulate ashwagandha based food products by utilizing their root powder as an ingredient and their glycemic responses on normal healthy subjects. The products (Chappati, Naan and Thepla) were developed by incorporation of 2%, 4%, 6% and 8% aswagandha root. The result showed that the products with 2% root powder were most acceptable by semi trained panels. Further, study was conducted on randomly selected 30 healthy subjects were fed most acceptable test recipe i.e. thepla and their glycemic response was anticipated. GI and GL values were 37.30 and 11.36 found to be lower 2% root incorporated in thepla while comparing with standard thepla. The data demonstrated that the test thepla belongs to low glycemic index and medium glycemic load. Thus, the inclusion of ashwagandha powder as a constituent can be used to achieve a wider range of low glycemic functional foods possessing sensory attributes that could be valuable for managing the diabetes mellitus.

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Total Phenolic Content, Antioxidant Activity and Glycemic Values of Non-Meat Burger Patties

Canrea Journal: Food Technology, Nutritions, and Culinary Journal ◽

10.20956/canrea.v3i1.246 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-9

Author(s):

Dzul Fadly ◽

Sulvi Purwayantie ◽

Andi Imam Arundhana

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Total Phenolic Content ◽

Phenolic Content ◽

Communicable Disease ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Meat Products ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Glycemic Response ◽

Dpph Method

Food choices with high antioxidant and low glycemic values may benefit the body's health. High total phenolic content will influence the antioxidant activity that works as a body shield from free radicals. On the other hand, higher glycemic values will increase the risk of non-communicable disease, specifically diabetes mellitus. It will be thoughtful to know the antioxidant activity and glycemic values of the food that consumed. Such in the case of non-meat products, including patty burger, which intended for meat patty burger substitution. This study aims to analyze the values of total phenolic content, antioxidant activity, glycemic response, glycemic index, and glycemic load of the non-meat burger patty. This is an experimental study with a completely randomized design. The total phenolic content was determined by Folin-ciocalteu method. Antioxidant activity was determined by DPPH method. The glycemic values were determined by an incremental area under the curve (iAUC) method. The values of total phenolic content and antioxidant activity of non-meat patty burger was in line. More phenolic content results in a higher antioxidant activity. Non-meat patty burger has a lower glycemic response compared to a reference food. Its glycemic index is high. However, it has a low glycemic load. Non-meat burger patty has phenolic substances result in antioxidant activity, while its consumption with the right serving size may contribute a low glycemic effect and protect blood glucose stability.

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Acute Effect of Diets Varying in Glycemic Index and Glycemic Load on Blood Glucose, Insulin and Measures of Oxidative Stress

The FASEB Journal ◽

10.1096/fasebj.20.5.lb88-b ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 20 (5) ◽

Author(s):

Livia Silvia Augustin ◽

Cyril WC Kendall ◽

Andrea Josse ◽

Sara Salvatore ◽

Furio Brighenti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Oxidative Stress ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Acute Effect

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Lowering breakfast glycemic index and glycemic load attenuates postprandial glycemic response: A systematically searched meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials

Nutrition ◽

10.1016/j.nut.2019.110634 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 71 ◽

pp. 110634 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Darel Wee Kiat Toh ◽

Evangelyn Sihui Koh ◽

Jung Eun Kim

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trials ◽

Glycemic Index ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Controlled Trials ◽

Glycemic Response ◽

Randomized Controlled

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Kadar gula darah atlet sepak bola remaja setelah pemberian diet beban glikemik

Jurnal Gizi Klinik Indonesia ◽

10.22146/ijcn.58277 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (4) ◽

pp. 194

Author(s):

Rahma Wati Dwi Lestari ◽

Deny Yudi Fitranti ◽

Nurmasari Widyastuti ◽

Ahmad Syauqy ◽

Binar Panunggal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose ◽

Glycemic Load ◽

Diet Group ◽

Fasting Blood Glucose Level ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Load Arrangement

Effect of diets with glycemic load arrangement on blood glucose levels in young soccer athletes Background: Carbohydrate arrangement considering the glycemic index (GI) and glycemic load (BG) are important to support the performance of athletes.Objective: To examine the effect of diets with glycemic load arrangement on blood glucose levels in young soccer athletes.Methods: Quasi-experimental study on 14 male young soccer players aged 15-18 years old at Terang Bangsa Soccer School. Each subject completed 4 trials separated by at least 7 days as a washout period. Diets provided consist of high GI with high GL diet (H-H), low GI with high GL diet (L-H), high GI with low GL (H-L), and low GI with low GL diet (L-L). Collected data were fasting blood glucose level (BGL 0), blood glucose level one hour after intervention (BGL 1), blood glucose level two hours after intervention (BGL 2), and blood glucose level after exercise (BGL 3).Results: The results of paired t-test analysis showed that there were differences between fasting blood glucose level and blood glucose level one hour after intervention, blood glucose level one hour after intervention and blood glucose level two hours after intervention, blood glucose level two hours after intervention and blood glucose level after exercise in the H-H and L-H diet group. In the L-L diet group, there were differences between BGL 2 and BGL 3. One-Way ANOVA analysis showed that there were no significant differences in blood glucose levels one hour after the intervention, blood glucose level two hours after intervention, and blood glucose level after exercise between groups.Conclusions: High glycemic load diets influence the increase in blood glucose levels at 1 hour postprandial and after exercise. Low glycemic load diets influence the increase in blood glucose levels after exercise. Diets with the arrangement of glycemic index and glycemic load did not affect blood glucose levels between diet groups.

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