scholarly journals Epigenetic Modulating Chemicals Significantly Affect the Virulence and Genetic Characteristics of the Bacterial Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Miroslav Baránek ◽  
Viera Kováčová ◽  
Filip Gazdík ◽  
Milan Špetík ◽  
Aleš Eichmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
First Time ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen

Epigenetics is the study of heritable alterations in phenotypes that are not caused by changes in DNA sequence. In the present study, we characterized the genetic and phenotypic alterations of the bacterial plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) under different treatments with several epigenetic modulating chemicals. The use of DNA demethylating chemicals unambiguously caused a durable decrease in Xcc bacterial virulence, even after its reisolation from infected plants. The first-time use of chemicals to modify the activity of sirtuins also showed some noticeable results in terms of increasing bacterial virulence, but this effect was not typically stable. Changes in treated strains were also confirmed by using methylation sensitive amplification (MSAP), but with respect to registered SNPs induction, it was necessary to consider their contribution to the observed polymorphism. The molecular basis of the altered virulence was deciphered by using dualRNA-seq analysis of treated Xcc strains infecting Brassica rapa plants. The results of the present study should promote more intensive research in the generally understudied field of bacterial epigenetics, where artificially induced modification by epigenetic modulating chemicals can significantly increase the diversity of bacterial properties and potentially contribute to the further development of the fields, such as bacterial ecology and adaptation.

scholarly journals The Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Exploits N-Acetylglucosamine during Infection

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Boulanger ◽  
C. Zischek ◽  
M. Lautier ◽  
S. Jamet ◽  
P. Rival ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

How the bacterial plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria conquers the host

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Bonas ◽  
Guido Van den Ackerveken ◽  
Daniela Büttner ◽  
Karoline Hahn ◽  
Eric Marois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen

Antimicrobial activity of Lippia gracilis essential oils on the plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris and their effect on membrane integrity

2019 ◽  
Vol 160 ◽  
pp. 40-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Salomão da Silva ◽  
Mayara Mendes Gonçalves de Oliveira ◽  
Juliana Oliveira de Melo ◽  
Arie Fitzgerald Blank ◽  
Cristiane Bani Corrêa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Essential Oils ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Reprograming of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris after Treatment with Hydrolytic Products Derived from Glucosinolates

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1656
Author(s):  
Pari Madloo ◽  
Margarita Lema ◽  
Victor Manuel Rodríguez ◽  
Pilar Soengas
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Cell Envelope ◽  
Multidrug Efflux ◽  
Defence System ◽  
Brassica Crops ◽  
Antioxidant Defence System ◽  
Rot Disease ◽  
First Time ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

The bacterium Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) causes black rot disease in Brassica crops. Glucosinolates are known to be part of the defence system of Brassica crops against Xcc infection. They are activated upon pathogen attack by myrosinase enzymes. Their hydrolytic products (GHPs) inhibit the growth of Xcc in vitro. However, the mechanisms underlying this inhibition and the way Xcc can overcome it are not well understood. We studied the transcriptomic reprogramming of Xcc after being supplemented with two chemically different GHPs, one aliphatic isothiocyanate (allyl-ITC) and one indole (indol-3-carbinol), by RNA-seq. Based on our results, the arrest in Xcc growth is related to the need to stop cell division to repair damaged DNA and cell envelope components. Otherwise, GHPs modify energy metabolism by inhibiting aerobic respiration and increasing the synthesis of glycogen. Xcc induces detoxification mechanisms such as the antioxidant defence system and the multidrug efflux system to cope with the toxic effects driven by GHPs. This is the first time that the transcriptomic reprogramming of a plant pathogenic bacterium treated with GHPs has been studied. This information will allow a better understanding of the interaction of a plant pathogen mediated by GSLs.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in Populations of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris in Cruciferous Weeds in Central Coastal California

2007 ◽  
Vol 97 (7) ◽  
pp. 803-812 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ignatov ◽  
A. Sechler ◽  
E. L. Schuenzel ◽  
I. Agarkova ◽  
B. Oliver ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Fragment Length Polymorphism ◽  
Commercial Crop ◽  
A Site ◽  
Production Areas ◽  
Cruciferous Plants ◽  
First Time ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (X. campestris) infects a large number of cruciferous plants, including weeds. California has one of the largest and most diverse populations of wild cruciferous plants in the world. Although considerable information is available on the genetic diversity of X. campestris in commercial crop plants, nothing is known about the diversity in strains infecting weeds. To assess the genetic diversity among strains of X. campestris in weeds in noncultivated and cultivated areas, strains of the pathogen were isolated from populations of cruciferous weeds growing in coastal valley crop-production sites and from remote nonproduction sites along the California central coast. Results of fingerprinting over 68 strains using amplified fragment length polymorphism along with representative strains by sequence analysis showed the presence of seven genotypes. Genotypes A and B were limited to coastal sites; genotypes C, D, and E were from inland cultivated sites; and genotypes F and G were present in both coastal noncultivated and inland cultivated sites. Crop strains were grouped outside any weed strain group and were separated from the weed strains and other pathovars of X. campestris. These results revealed, for the first time, that strains of X. campestris present in noncultivated coastal weed populations generally were unique to a site and genetically distinct from strains present in populations of weeds in crop-production areas located nearby.

scholarly journals MarR-Family Transcription Factor HpaR Controls Expression of the vgrR-vgrS Operon of Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue Pan ◽  
Fang Liang ◽  
Ru-Jiao Li ◽  
Wei Qian
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Promoter Regions ◽  
Epistasis Analysis ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Chromatin Immunoprecipitation Sequencing ◽  
Two Component Signal Transduction ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

MarR (multiple antibiotic resistance regulator)-family transcription factors (TFs), which regulate the expression of virulence factors and other physiological pathways in pathogenic bacteria, are regarded as ideal molecular targets for the development of novel antimicrobial strategies. In the plant bacterial pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris, HpaR, a typical MarR-family TF, is associated with bacterial virulence, but its mechanism of virulence regulation remains unclear. Here, we dissected the HpaR regulon using high-throughput RNA sequencing and chromatin immunoprecipitation sequencing. HpaR directly or indirectly controls the expression of approximately 448 genes; it acts both as a transcriptional activator and a repressor to control the expression of downstream genes by directly binding to their promoter regions. The consensus HpaR-binding DNA motifs contain imperfect palindromic sequences similar to [G/T]CAACAATT[C/T]TTG. In-depth analysis revealed that HpaR positively modulates transcription level of the vgrR-vgrS operon that encodes an important two-component signal transduction system to sense iron depletion and regulate bacterial virulence. Epistasis analysis demonstrated that vgrR-vgrS is a core downstream component of HpaR regulation, as overexpression of vgrR restored the phenotypic deficiencies caused by a hpaR mutation. This dissection of the HpaR regulon should facilitate future studies focused on the activating mechanism of HpaR during bacterial infection.

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