How the bacterial plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria conquers the host

2000 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulla Bonas ◽  
Guido Van den Ackerveken ◽  
Daniela Büttner ◽  
Karoline Hahn ◽  
Eric Marois ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen

scholarly journals Epigenetic Modulating Chemicals Significantly Affect the Virulence and Genetic Characteristics of the Bacterial Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris

Genes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 804
Author(s):  
Miroslav Baránek ◽  
Viera Kováčová ◽  
Filip Gazdík ◽  
Milan Špetík ◽  
Aleš Eichmeier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Time Use ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Molecular Basis ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Bacterial Virulence ◽  
Genetic Characteristics ◽  
First Time ◽  
Further Development ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen

Epigenetics is the study of heritable alterations in phenotypes that are not caused by changes in DNA sequence. In the present study, we characterized the genetic and phenotypic alterations of the bacterial plant pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris (Xcc) under different treatments with several epigenetic modulating chemicals. The use of DNA demethylating chemicals unambiguously caused a durable decrease in Xcc bacterial virulence, even after its reisolation from infected plants. The first-time use of chemicals to modify the activity of sirtuins also showed some noticeable results in terms of increasing bacterial virulence, but this effect was not typically stable. Changes in treated strains were also confirmed by using methylation sensitive amplification (MSAP), but with respect to registered SNPs induction, it was necessary to consider their contribution to the observed polymorphism. The molecular basis of the altered virulence was deciphered by using dualRNA-seq analysis of treated Xcc strains infecting Brassica rapa plants. The results of the present study should promote more intensive research in the generally understudied field of bacterial epigenetics, where artificially induced modification by epigenetic modulating chemicals can significantly increase the diversity of bacterial properties and potentially contribute to the further development of the fields, such as bacterial ecology and adaptation.

scholarly journals Characterization of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli isolates

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Willian Mário de Carvalho Nunes ◽  
Maria Júlia Corazza ◽  
Silvana Aparecida Crestes Dias de Souza ◽  
Siu Mui Tsai ◽  
Eiko Eurya Kuramae
Keyword(s):  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Random Amplified Polymorphic Dna ◽  
Hypersensitive Reaction ◽  
Chain Reaction ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Paulo State ◽  
Total Dna ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen

A simple, quick and easy protocol was standardized for extraction of total DNA of the bacteria Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli. The DNA obtained by this method had high quality and the quantity was enough for the Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) reactions with random primers, and Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) with primers of the hypersensitivity and pathogenicity gene (hrp). The DNA obtained was free of contamination by proteins or carbohydrates. The ratio 260nm/380nm of the DNA extracted ranged from 1.7 to 1.8. The hrp gene cluster is required by bacterial plant pathogen to produce symptoms on susceptible hosts and hypersensitive reaction on resistant hosts. This gene has been found in different bacteria as well as in Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria (9). The primers RST21 and RST22 (9) were used to amplify the hrp gene of nine different isolates of Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. phaseoli from Botucatu, São Paulo State, Brazil, and one isolate, "Davis". PCR amplified products were obtained in all isolates pathogenic to beans.

Structure of the Full-Length Bacteriophytochrome from the Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris Provides Clues to its Long-Range Signaling Mechanism

2016 ◽  
Vol 428 (19) ◽  
pp. 3702-3720 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lisandro Horacio Otero ◽  
Sebastián Klinke ◽  
Jimena Rinaldi ◽  
Francisco Velázquez-Escobar ◽  
María Andrea Mroginski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Long Range ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Full Length ◽  
Signaling Mechanism

scholarly journals Reduced Genetic Variation Occurs among Genes of the Highly Clonal Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, Including the Effector Gene avrBs2

2005 ◽  
Vol 71 (5) ◽  
pp. 2418-2432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gale Wichmann ◽  
David Ritchie ◽  
C. S. Kousik ◽  
Joy Bergelson
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variation ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Population Expansion ◽  
Clonal Plant ◽  
Recent Common Ancestor ◽  
Loss Of Function ◽  
Xanthomonas Axonopodis ◽  
Most Recent Common Ancestor

ABSTRACT The bacterial plant pathogen Xanthomonas axonopodis pv. vesicatoria, also known as Xanthomonas campestris pv. vesicatoria group A, is the causal agent of bacterial spot in pepper and tomato. In order to test different models that may explain the coevolution of avrBs2 with its host plants, we sequenced avrBs2 and six chromosomal loci (total of 5.5 kb per strain) from a global sample of 55 X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria strains collected from diseased peppers. We found an extreme lack of genetic variation among all X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria genomic loci (average nucleotide diversity, π = 9.1 × 10−5), including avrBs2. This lack of diversity is consistent with X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria having undergone a recent population bottleneck and/or selective sweep followed by population expansion. Coalescent analysis determined that approximately 1.4 × 104 to 7.16 × 104 bacterial generations have passed since the most recent common ancestor (MRCA) of the current X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria population. Assuming a range of 50 to 500 bacterial generations per year, only 28 to 1,432 years have passed since the MRCA. This time frame coincides with human intervention with the pathogen's host plants, from domestication to modern agricultural practices. Examination of 19 mutated (loss-of-function) avrBs2 alleles detected nine classes of mutations. All mutations affected protein coding, while no synonymous changes were found. The nature of at least one of the avrBs2 mutations suggests that it may be possible to observe one stage of an evolutionary arms race as X. axonopodis pv. vesicatoria responds to selection pressure to alter avrBs2 to escape host plant resistance.

scholarly journals The Plant Pathogen Xanthomonas campestris pv. campestris Exploits N-Acetylglucosamine during Infection

mBio ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Boulanger ◽  
C. Zischek ◽  
M. Lautier ◽  
S. Jamet ◽  
P. Rival ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris ◽  
Xanthomonas Campestris Pv Campestris

scholarly journals Three Draft Genome Sequences of the Bacterial Plant Pathogen Ralstonia solanacearum, Isolated in Georgia

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Kotorashvili ◽  
Galina Meparishvili ◽  
Giorgi Gogoladze ◽  
Nato Kotaria ◽  
Maka Muradashvili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Causative Agent ◽  
Plant Pathogen ◽  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Draft Genome ◽  
Genome Sequences ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Bacterial Plant Pathogen ◽  
Pepper Plants

ABSTRACT Ralstonia solanacearum, the causative agent of bacterial wilt, is a devastating bacterial plant pathogen with a wide range of hosts. We report here the first draft genome sequences for three strains of Ralstonia solanacearum isolated from infected potato, tomato, and pepper plants in Georgia.

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