scholarly journals Research on New and Traditional Energy Sources in OECD Countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ying Li ◽  
Yung-ho Chiu ◽  
Tai-Yu Lin
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Oecd Country ◽  
Oecd Countries ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
New Energy

To mitigate the problems associated with climate change, the low-carbon economy concept is now being championed around the world in an effort to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and ensure sustainable economic growth. Therefore, to reduce the dependence on traditional energy sources, the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) has been actively promoting the use of renewable energy. Past research has tended to neglect the influence of other pollutants such as fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and sulfur dioxide (SO2) and have mainly been based on static analyses. To make up for these research gaps, this study examined OECD country data from 2010–2014, with labor, fixed assets, new energy, and traditional energy as the inputs, and Gross Domestic Product (GDP), carbon dioxide (CO2), and PM2.5 as the outputs, from which it was found: (1) the overall efficiency of the individual countries varied significantly, with nine countries being found to have efficiencies of 1 for all five years, but many others having efficiencies below 0.2; (2) in countries where there was a need for improvements in traditional energy (which here refers to coal, petroleum and other fossil energy sources), there was also a significant need for improvement in new energy sources (which here refers to clean energy which will produce pollutant emissions and can be directly used for production and life, including resources like nuclear energy and “renewable energy”); (3) countries with poor traditional energy and new energy efficiencies also had poor CO2 and PM2.5 efficiencies; (4) many OECD countries have made progress towards sustainable new energy developments

scholarly journals ENERGY PROSPECTS IN WESTERN BALKAN REGION ‒ MONTENEGRO CASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Momir Đurović
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emission ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Economic Effects ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Low Carbon Economy

To meet new energy demands and climate targets for 2030, the EU member states and West Balkans countries are requested to introduce the National Energy and Climate Plans (NECP) for the period from 2021 to 2030. That implies implementing clean, affordable and renewable energies to reach a climate-neutral economy by 2050. This will require moving towards the long-term goals set by Power agreements, which means to perform economic transformations to reach broader sustainable development goals. To achieve those goals national long-term strategies in Western Balkan countries jointly with EU strategies have to cover, at least, the following in the coming 30 years: total greenhouse emission reduction, even elimination, to extend feasible socio-economic effects of the decarburization measures, to enable links to other national long-term objectives, to make progress on a low greenhouse gas emission economy by encouraging the use of renewable energy sources to approach the European green plan. All those measures will lead the energy sector in the Western Balkans (WB6) to be organized to function with diversified sources of energy, secure fully functional integrated energy market, the free flow of energy, improve efficiency by reducing needs for energy imports; move to low carbon economy by promoting research and innovations in low carbon and clean energy technologies, which will all lead to extensive implantation of renewable energy sources and control of climate change in the region.

Rethinking Energy at the Crossroads

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathleen Araújo
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Internal Combustion Engines ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Energy Use ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Estimates ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Fuel Prices ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Co2

The discovery of oil in Pennsylvania in 1859 was a relatively inconspicuous precursor to what would become an epic shift into the modern age of energy. At the time, the search for “rock oil” was driven by a perception that lighting fuel was running out. Advances in petrochemical refining and internal combustion engines had yet to occur, and oil was more expensive than coal. In less than 100 years, oil gained worldwide prominence as an energy source and traded commodity. Along similar lines, electricity in the early 1900s powered less than 10% of the homes in the United States. Yet, in under a half a century, billions of homes around the world were equipped to utilize the refined form of energy. Estimates indicate that roughly 85% of the world’s population had access to electricity in 2014 (World Bank, n.d.b). For both petroleum and electricity, significant changes in energy use and associated technologies were closely linked to evolutions in infrastructure, institutions, investment, and practices. Today, countless decision-makers are focusing on transforming energy systems from fossil fuels to low carbon energy which is widely deemed to be a cleaner, more sustainable form of energy. As of 2016, 176 countries have renewable energy targets in place, compared to 43 in 2005 (Renewable Energy Policy Network for the 21st Century [REN21], 2017). Many jurisdictions are also setting increasingly ambitious targets for 100% renewable energy or electricity (Bloomberg New Energy Finance [BNEF], 2016). In 2015, the G7 and G20 committed to accelerate the provision of access to renewables and efficiency (REN21, 2016). In conjunction with all of the above priorities, clean energy investment surged in 2015 to a new record of $329 billion, despite low, fossil fuel prices. A significant “decoupling” of economic and carbon dioxide (CO2) growth was also evident, due in part to China’s increased use of renewable energy and efforts by member countries of the Organization for Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) to foster greater use of renewables and efficiency (REN21, 2016).

scholarly journals Renewable Energy Sources as a Development Opportunity for Peripheral Areas

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 184-198
Author(s):  
Piotr Gradziuk ◽  
Barbara Gradziuk
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Primary Energy ◽  
Peripheral Region ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Renewable Sources ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
The Subject

SummarySubject and purpose of work: The subject of this analysis and evaluation is the use of renewable energy sources in Poland, particularly in the Lubelskie Voivodeship, as a peripheral region. The purpose of this paper is to identify the role and evaluate the scale and effects of using renewable energy sources (RES), as well as the availability and absorption of financial resources for RES promotion.Materials and methods: The data were obtained from the Office of the Ruda-Huta Commune, the Regional Operational Programme Department of the Marshal Office of the Lubelskie Voivodeship in Lublin and the Department of European Funds of the Ministry of Energy, as well as Statistics Poland (GUS) and the literature on the subject.Results: In Poland the proportion of energy from renewable sources to the total primary energy generated increased in 2012-2018 from 11.73% to 14.46%. A new phenomenon, which has been highly significant for the development of this sector, is the use of innovative, small-scale technologies of energy generation from renewable sources, which created the foundations for the growth of a citizens’ energy sector, based on the initiative of the citizens and their communities. The use of RES contributes to reduced expenditures on the purchase of energy carriers and constitutes an effective method of implementing plans for developing a low-carbon economy and reducing low-stack emissions.Conclusions: The continuing disparities between the regions point to the need for active structural intervention to maintain economic, social and territorial cohesion, particularly in areas which are considered peripheral and have a very low GDP per capita. One of the preferred directions should be to support the use of RES.

scholarly journals STATISTICAL ANALYSIS OF DEVELOPMENT TRENDS IN GLOBAL RENEWABLE ENERGY

2016 ◽  
pp. 214-220
Author(s):  
M. D. Simonova ◽  
V. E. Zakharov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Modern Development ◽  
Generating Capacity ◽  
Increasing Demand

The article focuses on the economic and statistical analysis of industries associated with the use of renewable energy sources in several countries. The dynamic development and implementation of technologies based on renewable energy sources (hereinafter RES) is the defining trend of world energy development. The uneven distribution of hydrocarbon reserves, increasing demand of developing countries and environmental risks associated with the production and consumption of fossil resources has led to an increasing interest of many states to this field. Creating low-carbon economies involves the implementation of plans to increase the proportion of clean energy through renewable energy sources, energy efficiency, reduce greenhouse gas emissions. The priority of this sector is a characteristic feature of modern development of developed (USA, EU, Japan) and emerging economies (China, India, Brazil, etc.), as evidenced by the inclusion of the development of this segment in the state energy strategies and the revision of existing approaches to energy security. The analysis of the use of renewable energy, its contribution to value added of countries-producers is of a particular interest. Over the last decade, the share of energy produced from renewable sources in the energy balances of the world's largest economies increased significantly. Every year the number of power generating capacity based on renewable energy is growing, especially, this trend is apparent in China, USA and European Union countries. There is a significant increase in direct investment in renewable energy. The total investment over the past ten years increased by 5.6 times. The most rapidly developing kinds are solar energy and wind power.

scholarly journals The main problems of using biomass as a fuel

2021 ◽  
Vol 295 ◽  
pp. 02004
Author(s):  
Dmitry Solovyev ◽  
Liubov Shilova ◽  
Maksim Zheleznov
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Production ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Operating Time ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Fuel Use ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Combustible Gases

The article discusses the main problems of the using of biomass as a fuel, including the fuel use of biomass as an innovative way to generate clean energy. It is shown that according to the development of technology for the production of renewable energy sources, energy costs will decrease, and the operating time of the devices and, accordingly, their productivity will increase. Ultimately, this will allow to get a positive result, i.e. reduce harmful emissions from energy production. The methodology basis on the open statistics data and analysis of the energy balance of new energy production technologies are considered. The motivation for the using renewable energy sources in industrialized and developing countries is investigated. A review of new technologies for the using biomass as a fuel is made, which allows for efficient processing of biomass, including gasification, co-production of heat and electricity, fuel use of combustible gases generated at landfills, and production of fuel for transport in the form of methanol and biodiesel.

scholarly journals Environmental Assessment of Energy Scenarios for a Low-Carbon Electrical Network in Chile

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (18) ◽  
pp. 5066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivan Merino ◽  
Israel Herrera ◽  
Hugo Valdés
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Electrical Network ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Near Future

Nowadays, establishing clean energy sources is an undeniable need for all territories to reconcile energy and competitiveness objectives with those of security and sustainability. This article shows the main advantages of implementing clean energy sources in the long-term Chilean electrical network. The clean energy considered in this work is based on Renewable Energy (Conventional and Non-Conventional) with the backup of gas or nuclear. Thus, four scenarios are proposed and were simulated for the year 2050, the year assumed for the decommissioning of all coal plants in the country. These scenarios contemplate a high or low penetration of Renewable Energy. Additionally, a reference and realistic scenario for the year 2018 has also been considered to compare to the clean scenarios proposed. The results obtained coincide with the goals of reducing environmental impacts such as global warming emissions and fossil fuel dependence. However, the backup that was chosen for supporting the intermittence of renewable energy may have an important role in the main system considering the expected growth of energy demands in the near future.

An Empirical Research on Relationship between Economic Growth and New Energy Consumption in China

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 2583-2586
Author(s):  
Yan Ren
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Granger Causality ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
New Energy ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Carbon Economy

This article took the lead to study the relationship between new energy consumption, traditional energy consumption and economic growth in China from 1990 to 2012, employed methods of regressive model and Granger causality estimation. Econometric software—Eviews 6.0 was used during the calculation process. The empirical study showed that both new energy consumption and traditional energy consumption could promote economic growth in China. However the influences of new energy consumption and traditional energy consumption on Chinese economic growth have the asymmetry. The effect of new energy consumption on economic growth was lower than that of traditional energy consumption. In the short term, new energy consumption was the Granger causality of economic growth in China. However economic growth was also the Granger causality of new energy consumption in the long term. Therefore, in order to achieve sustainable development and low carbon economy in China, it is imperative to make new energy sources play a more important role in economic growth and replace traditional energy sources gradually.

LOW-CARBON FUTURE: SWITCHING FROM CONVENTIONAL TO CLEAN ENERGY HARVESTING IN INDIA

2021 ◽  
pp. 40-42
Author(s):  
Piyali Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Green Technologies ◽  
Indian Government ◽  
Small Hydropower ◽  
Renewable Energy Consumption ◽  
The Government

For thousands of years, the persistent use of conventional energies that has been driving economic progress, is now-a-day a being considered not only unsustainable but also environmentally destructive. India's abundant renewable energy sources is capable of generating clean energy and providing an attainable replacement of the polluting and expeditiously depleting conventional energy sources. Initially, this study embellished a scenario of fossil fuel dependency coupled with a looming conventional energy crisis in the foreseeable future followed by the non-renewable energy consumption and carbon footprint nexus. This paper briey explores the background, signicant achievement, potentiality of India's major renewable energy sources such as solar, wind, biomass, small hydropower and liberal environment designed by the Government. India has been able to make remarkable progress in shrinking its share of power generation from fossil fuels. Additionally, some hindrances regarding the massive harvesting in clean electricity and the smooth way forward are addressed here. Unwaving endeavour is going on in innovation and promotion of energy-efcient green technologies domestically and the current promotion policies, perspectives, and strategies of Indian government are supposed to transpire to be a success story.

scholarly journals Energy mix, technological change, and the environment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anelí Bongers
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Energy Consumption ◽  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuel ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Rebound Effect ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Pollutant Emissions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Energy Mix

AbstractThis paper studies the relationship between the energy mix and the environment using a theoretical framework in which two alternative energy sources are considered: fossil fuels (dirty energy) and renewable energy (clean energy). We find that a positive aggregate productivity shock increases energy consumption and emissions but reduces energy intensity and emissions per unit of output as renewable energy consumption increases, that is, carbon emissions are procyclical but emissions per unit of output are countercyclical. Second, an energy efficiency improvement provokes a “rebound effect” above 100% (the backfire effect), resulting in a rise of pollutant emissions by increasing energy use. Third, a technological improvement in emissions leads to a reduction in emissions per unit of fossil fuel, but also implies a slow-down in the adoption of renewable energy sources. Finally, we consider the case of a decentralized economy in which the government chooses an optimal specific tax on fossil fuel to maximize social welfare. We show that the “second-best” policy is highly effective in correcting the negative effects of the environmental externality and able to almost achive the centralized economy outcome.

Industrializing Countries as the New Energy Consumers

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paulo Manduca ◽  
Mauro Berni ◽  
Iure Paiva ◽  
José Alexandre Hage
Keyword(s):  
Latin American ◽  
Oil Industry ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Political Agenda ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Low Carbon Economy ◽  
Oil Companies ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Carbon Economy

Brazil and Argentina had been developing biofuels that could offer them the opportunity to have a prominent position in a future oil-free economy. In the latter part of the first decade of the 2000s, Brazilian diplomacy, in particular, knew how to take advantage of its clean energy matrix to build an image of a country at the forefront of energy solutions. However, after the discovery of oil in Brazil and shale in Argentina, biofuels became a low priority and almost disappeared from the political agenda. This process followed the movement of Latin American center-left governments—the “pink tide”—which saw the oil industry as the basis for national empowerment. The emergence of oil populism, which exploits the mystification of state oil companies and oil as a panacea for the illnesses of underdevelopment, led Brazil and Argentina to waive a potential leading role in a future low-carbon economy.

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