The Construction and Optimization of Ecological Security Pattern in the Harbin-Changchun Urban Agglomeration, China

Urban agglomerations have become a new geographical unit in China, breaking the administrative fortresses between cities, which means that the population and economic activities between cities will become more intensive in the future. Constructing and optimizing the ecological security pattern of urban agglomerations is important for promoting harmonious social-economic development and ecological protection. Using the Harbin-Changchun urban agglomeration as a case study, we have identified ecological sources based on the evaluation of ecosystem functions. Based on the resistance surface modified by nighttime light (NTL) data, the potential ecological corridors were identified using the least-cost path method, and key ecological corridors were extracted using the gravity model. By combining 15 ecological sources, 119 corridors, 3 buffer zones, and 77 ecological nodes, the ecological security pattern (ESP) was constructed. The main land-use types composed of ecological sources and corridors are forest land, cultivated land, grassland, and water areas. Some ecological sources are occupied by construction, while unused land has the potential for ecological development. The ecological corridors in the central region are distributed circularly and extend to southeast side in the form of tree branches with the Songhua River as the central axis. Finally, this study proposes an optimizing pattern with "four belts, four zones, one axis, nine corridors, ten clusters and multi-centers" to provide decision makers with spatial strategies with respect to the conflicts between urban development and ecological protection during rapid urbanization.

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Construction of the Ecological Security Pattern of Urban Agglomeration under the Framework of Supply and Demand of Ecosystem Services Using Bayesian Network Machine Learning: Case Study of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan Urban Agglomeration, China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11226416 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (22) ◽

pp. 6416 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ouyang ◽

Wang ◽

Zhu

Keyword(s):

Machine Learning ◽

Ecosystem Services ◽

Bayesian Network ◽

Supply And Demand ◽

Urban Agglomeration ◽

Ecological Security ◽

Ecological Strategy ◽

Ecological Corridors ◽

Ecological Corridor ◽

Security Pattern

Coordinating ecosystem service supply and demand equilibrium and utilizing machine learning to dynamically construct an ecological security pattern (ESP) can help better understand the impact of urban development on ecological processes, which can be used as a theoretical reference in coupling economic growth and environmental protection. Here, the ESP of the Changsha–Zhuzhou–Xiangtan urban agglomeration was constructed, which made use of the Bayesian network model to dynamically identify the ecological sources. The ecological corridor and ecological strategy points were identified using the minimum cumulative resistance model and circuit theory. The ESP was constructed by combining seven ecological sources, “two horizontal and three vertical” ecological corridors, and 37 ecological strategy points. Our results found spatial decoupling between the supply and demand of ecosystem services (ES) and the degradation in areas with high demand for ES. The ecological sources and ecological corridors of the urban agglomeration were mainly situated in forestlands and water areas. The terrestrial ecological corridor was distributed along the outer periphery of the urban agglomeration, while the aquatic ecological corridor ran from north to south throughout the entire region. The ecological strategic points were mainly concentrated along the boundaries of the built-up area and the intersection between construction land and ecological land. Finally, the ecological sources were found primarily on existing ecological protection zones, which supports the usefulness of machine learning in predicting ecological sources and may provide new insights in developing urban ESP.

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Construction and Optimization of Ecological Security Pattern Based on Spatial Syntax Classification—Taking Ningbo, China, as an Example

Land ◽

10.3390/land10040380 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (4) ◽

pp. 380

Author(s):

Yu Han ◽

Chaoyue Yu ◽

Zhe Feng ◽

Hanchu Du ◽

Caisi Huang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Vegetation Index ◽

Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ◽

Landscape Connectivity ◽

Development Trend ◽

Ecological Security ◽

Security Patterns ◽

Ecological Corridors ◽

Resistance Surface ◽

Ecological Protection ◽

Security Pattern

Urbanization is the development trend of all countries in the world, but it has caused considerable ecological problems that need to be alleviated by building ecological security patterns. This study took Ningbo as an example to construct and optimize an ecological security pattern. We analyzed land use types, normalized difference vegetation index, and landscape connectivity for ecological sources selection. In constructing the resistance surface, we considered natural and socio-economic factors. On this basis, we identified ecological corridors based on a minimum cumulative resistance model. Finally, the ecological security pattern was optimized through space syntax. Results showed that Ningbo has 18 ecological sources, with an area of 3051.27 km2 and 29 ecological corridors, with a length of 1172.18 km. Among them, 11 are first-level, 10 are second-level, and 8 are third-level corridors. After optimization, the area and protection cost of the ecological security pattern were significantly reduced, which can effectively alleviate the trade-off between ecological protection and economic development. This research can provide a reference for the construction and optimization of ecological security patterns and has reference significance for ecological protection in rapidly urbanized areas.

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Optimization of the Method of Constructing Ecological Security Pattern with Rapid Urban Expansion

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202129902016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 299 ◽

pp. 02016

Author(s):

Ke Li ◽

Tiantian Yu ◽

Ji Li ◽

Chengling Cui ◽

Song Wu

Keyword(s):

Urban Areas ◽

Urban Expansion ◽

Principal Component ◽

Human Interaction ◽

Ecological Security ◽

Ecological Corridors ◽

Ecological Protection ◽

Ecological Corridor ◽

Edge Betweenness ◽

Security Pattern

The contradiction between urban development and ecological environment protection is particularly obvious in rapidly expanding urban areas. It is necessary to build a reasonable urban ecological security pattern. to balance urban expansion and ecological security. This paper takes Zhengzhou as an example, based on spatial principal component analysis, a comprehensive assessment of urban ecological security is carried out by using natural characteristics, human characteristics, and natural and human interaction characteristics, and ecological sources are extracted; Based on the ecological corridors extracted by the minimal cumulative resistance (MCR) model, the edge-betweenness index is used to optimize the model, and redundant corridors are eliminated, the first-level ecological corridors and ecological nodes on the first-level ecological corridor are extracted. Through experiments, 25 important ecological sources, 24 first-level ecological corridors, and 32 ecological nodes were extracted. Important ecological sources, first-level ecological corridors and ecological nodes constitute the basic ecological security pattern of Zhengzhou, which effectively alleviate the contradiction between rapid urban expansion and ecological protection, and ensuring urban ecological security at the same time.

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Constructing the Ecological Security Pattern for Sponge City: A Case Study in Zhengzhou, China

Water ◽

10.3390/w11020284 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (2) ◽

pp. 284 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Rencai Dong ◽

Xueqi Zhang ◽

Huanhuan Li

Keyword(s):

Low Impact Development ◽

Ecological Security ◽

Rapid Urbanization ◽

Ecological Sensitivity ◽

Sponge City ◽

Gis Modeling ◽

Ecological Protection ◽

Security Pattern ◽

City Construction ◽

Water Problems

Waterlogging is becoming a severe and universal phenomenon in China, so the construction of sponge cities is proposed to address urban water problems abiding by the overall principles of ecological priority and low-impact development. The ecological security pattern (ESP) is an effective way to balance rapid urbanization and ecological protection. Taking Zhengzhou as an example, this study, performed a geographic information system (GIS) modeling, which constructed a targeted ESP for the construction of a sponge city based on comprehensive analysis of multi-factor water ecological sensitivity. Compared to previous studies of ESP, some improvements were made in the identification method of ecological sources, corridors, and nodes. By analyzing the ESP, the study divided the whole city into different construction zone. Through different protection and planning strategies for these areas, the integration and connectivity of the ecological sources can be improved, and thus, urban ecological security can be improved. The ESP for sponge city is a relatively more systematic and scientific way to guide the construction of a sponge city, and can be used for reference to other cities in the process of sponge city construction.

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Remotely Sensed Ecological Protection Redline and Security Pattern Construction: A Comparative Analysis of Pingtan (China) and Durban (South Africa)

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs13152865 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (15) ◽

pp. 2865

Author(s):

Qixin Lin ◽

Ahmed Eladawy ◽

Jinming Sha ◽

Xiaomei Li ◽

Jinliang Wang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

South Africa ◽

Core Area ◽

Spatial Pattern Analysis ◽

Ecological Security ◽

Ecological Sensitivity ◽

Stepping Stone ◽

Ecological Corridors ◽

Total Length ◽

Ecological Protection ◽

Security Pattern

The unprecedented regional urbanization has brought great pressure on the ecological environment. Building an ecological security pattern and guide regional land and space development is an important technique to ensure regional ecological security and stability to achieve sustainable development. In this study, the Pingtan Island of China and the Durban city of South Africa were chosen as case study area for a comparative study of different scales. The importance of ecosystem services and ecological sensitivity were evaluated, respectively. The core area of landscape which is vital for ecological function maintenance was extracted by morphological spatial pattern analysis (MSPA) and landscape connectivity analysis. Furthermore, the ecological sources were determined by combining the results of ecological protection redline delimitation and core area landscape extraction. The potential ecological corridors were identified based on the minimum cumulative resistance model, and the ecological security pattern of study areas was constructed. The results showed that the ecological protection redline areas of Pingtan and Durban were 42.78 km2 and 389.07 km2, respectively, which were mainly distributed in mountainous areas with good habitat quality. Pingtan ecological security pattern is composed of 15 ecological sources, 16 ecological corridors, 10 stepping stone patches and 15 ecological obstacle points. The total length of corridors is 112.23 km, which is radially distributed in the form of “one ring, three belts”. The ecological security pattern of Durban is composed of 15 ecological sources, 17 ecological corridors, 11 stepping stone patches and 18 ecological obstacle points. The total length of corridors is 274.25 km, which is radially distributed in the form of “two rings and three belts”. The research results can provide an important reference for the land space construction planning and ecological restoration projects in Pingtan and Durban.

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