scholarly journals A Systematic Review for Vaccine-Preventable Diseases on Ships: Evidence for Cross-Border Transmission and for Pre-Employment Immunization Need

2019 ◽  
Vol 16 (15) ◽  
pp. 2713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Varvara Mouchtouri ◽  
Hannah Lewis ◽  
Christos Hadjichristodoulou ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Case Reports ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Passenger Ships ◽  
And Control

A literature review was conducted to identify evidence of cases and outbreaks of vaccine-preventable diseases (VPDs) that have been reported from on board ships and the methods applied on board for prevention and control, worldwide, in 1990 to April 2019. Moreover, evidence from seroprevalence studies for the same diseases were also included. The literature review was conducted according to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews (PRISMA) guidelines. A total of 1795 cases (115 outbreaks, 7 case reports) were identified, the majority were among crew (1466/1795, 81.7%) and were varicella cases (1497, 83.4%). The origin of crew cases was from sub-tropical countries in many reports. Measles (40 cases, 69% among crew), rubella (47, 88.7%), herpes zoster (9, 69.2%) and varicella cases (1316, 87.9%) were more frequent among crew. Mumps cases were equal among passengers and crew (22/22). Hepatitis A (73/92, 70.3%), meningococcal meningitis (16/29, 44.8%), and pertussis (9/9) were more frequent among passengers. Two outbreaks resulted in 262 secondary measles cases on land. Review results were used to draft a new chapter for prevention and control of VPDs in the European Manual for Hygiene Standards and Communicable Disease Surveillance on Passenger Ships. Despite past and current evidence for cross-border VPD transmission and maritime occupational risks, documented pre-employment examination of immune status, vaccination of seafarers, and travel advice to passengers are not yet regulated.

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Slovenia

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
I Klavs ◽  
A Hocevar-Grom ◽  
M Socan ◽  
M Grgic-Vitek ◽  
L Pahor ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Control

National communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Slovenia is coordinated by the Communicable Diseases Centre of the Institute of Public Health of the Republic of Slovenia

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Latvia

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (25) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Bormane ◽  
I Lucenko ◽  
J Perevoščikovs
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Health Service ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Public Health Service ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
And Control

The Latvian public health service dates back to 1947. The Sanitary Epidemiological Service, created in Soviet times, provided two main functions – assessment of health risk factors, including surveillance of communicable diseases, and inspection.

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Hungary

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
Author(s):  
Á Csohán
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
National Centre ◽  
And Control

The Országos Epidemiológiai Központ (Hungarian National Centre for Epidemiology) was established on 1 January 1998

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Cyprus

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Poyiadji-Kalakouta
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Health Services ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Public Health Services ◽  
Ministry Of Health ◽  
And Control

The Medical and Public Health Services of the Ministry of Health of Cyprus have recently developed a new Network for the Surveillance and Control of Communicable Diseases

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Lithuania

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dalia Rokaite ◽  
N Kupreviciene
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
Public Health Centre ◽  
And Control

The Lithuanian Centre for Communicable Diseases Prevention and Control (CCDPC, Užkreciamuju ligu profilaktikos ir kontroles centras) in Vilnius was established in 1997 after the reorganisation of the State Immunisation Centre and the Department of Communicable Diseases at the State Public Health Centre

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Poland

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (20) ◽  
Author(s):  
M Sadkowska-Todys
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Polish Government ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiological Situation

In 1918, the Polish government established the Central Epidemiological Institute in Warsaw, which was renamed the National Institute of Hygienein 1923. At that time, the epidemiological situation in Poland was critical

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Estonia

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (28) ◽  
Author(s):  
K Kutsar ◽  
J Varjas
Keyword(s):  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
18Th Century ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
And Control

The surveillance of communicable diseases in Estonia dates back to the 18th century

scholarly journals Communicable disease surveillance, prevention and control in Slovakia

2004 ◽  
Vol 8 (19) ◽  
Author(s):  
E Maderova
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Disease Surveillance ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Slovak Republic ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Public Health Authority ◽  
The Public ◽  
And Control ◽  
Executive Body

The Public Health Authority of the Slovak Republic fulfils the role of the executive body of the Ministry of Health of the Slovak Republic. The Authority‘s operations cover the whole of the Slovak Republic

scholarly journals Mumps epidemic in orthodox religious low-vaccination communities in the Netherlands and Canada, 2007 to 2009

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (41) ◽  
Author(s):  
C C Wielders ◽  
R S van Binnendijk ◽  
B E Snijders ◽  
G A Tipples ◽  
J Cremer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Practitioner ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Prevention And Control ◽  
Mumps Virus ◽  
Data Sources ◽  
Epidemic Strain ◽  
Vaccine Preventable Diseases ◽  
Laboratory Confirmation ◽  
And Control ◽  
Epidemiological Characteristics

We assessed the epidemiological characteristics of a mumps virus epidemic (genotype D) that occurred in the Netherlands between August 2007 and May 2009 and its association with a subsequent mumps outbreak in Canada. In the Netherlands, five data sources were used: notifications (only mandatory since the end of 2008) (56 cases), laboratory confirmation data (177 cases), a sentinel general practitioner (GP) database (275 cases), hospitalisation data (29 cases) and weekly virological reports (96 cases). The median age of cases in the notification, laboratory and GP databases ranged from 13 to 15 years. The proportion of cases that were unvaccinated ranged from 65% to 85% in the notification, laboratory and GP databases. Having orthodox Protestant beliefs was the main reason for not being vaccinated. In Canada, a mumps virus strain indistinguishable from the Dutch epidemic strain was detected between February and October 2008 in an orthodox Protestant community with historical and family links to the affected community in the Netherlands, suggesting that spread to Canada had occurred. Prevention and control of vaccine-preventable diseases among population subgroups with low vaccination coverage remains a priority.

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