Association of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) with Muscle Strength in Community-Dwelling Elderly with Knee Osteoarthritis

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the correlation between muscle strength and knee symptoms (pain, stiffness, and functional limitation) regardless of the presence of radiologic knee osteoarthritis (RKOA) in community-dwelling elderly. Patients and methods: This cross-sectional study used data from the Namgaram-2 cohort. The Namgaram-2 cohort consisted of participants living in three rural communities. Such participants were included for studies on activity limitation due to age-related musculoskeletal disorders including knee osteoarthritis, osteoporosis, and sarcopenia. The Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC), a health assessment tool for patients with arthritis in lower extremities, was used to assess health-related quality of life (HRQOL). Muscle strengths were measured by knee strength (by using the isokinetic dynamometer) and hand grip strength. Results: The WOMAC pain of Kallgren–Lawrence (K/L) grade < 2 was correlated with age, grip strength, nutrition status, and knee extension 180 peak torque. The WOMAC pain of K/L grade ≥ 2 was correlated with age, nutrition status, and knee extension 60 peak torque. The WOMAC stiffness of K/L grade < 2 was correlated with having a spouse, nutrition status, and knee extension 60 peak torque. The WOMAC stiffness of K/L grade ≥ 2 was correlated with knee extension 60 peak torque. The WOMAC function of K/L grade < 2 was correlated with age, grip strength, osteoporosis, nutrition status, and knee extension 180 peak torque. The WOMAC function of K/L grade ≥ 2 was correlated with age, nutrition status, and knee extension 60 peak torque. Conclusion: Muscle strength as measured by grip strength and knee extension was statistically significantly correlated with the WOMAC scores in patients with knee symptoms regardless of whether radiologic signs of knee osteoarthritis were observed.

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P68 Age-related muscle strength decline in mid-late life varies in men and women and is associated with diet and physical activity: observations from the Hertfordshire Cohort Study

Rheumatology ◽

10.1093/rheumatology/keaa111.067 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 59 (Supplement_2) ◽

Author(s):

Jean Zhang ◽

Faidra Laskou ◽

Karen Jameson ◽

Cyrus Cooper ◽

Elaine M Dennison

Keyword(s):

Physical Activity ◽

Cohort Study ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Functional Limitation ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

P Value ◽

Age Related ◽

Diet And Physical Activity ◽

Hertfordshire Cohort Study

Abstract Background In the context of an aging population, age-related decline in muscle strength is well recognised, and is associated with functional limitation and increased mortality. However, scarce epidemiological data are available regarding its prevalence, or lifestyle associations at a time when intervention is still possible to retard or prevent loss. We considered these issues in the Hertfordshire Cohort Study, a cohort of late-middle aged community dwelling adults. Methods 2,987 participants were seen in 1999-2004, 1,572 men and 1,415 women. A lifestyle questionnaire was administered that asked about social class, physical activity, diet, co-morbidities and cigarette and alcohol consumption. Grip strength was measured with a Jamar dynamometer, three times on each side with the highest value used. Age related muscle strength decline was defined, according to current convention, as a grip strength <30kg in men and <20 kg in women. Results The mean age of participants was 65.8 (IQR 63.5-67.8) years for men and 66.5 (IQR 64.5-68.7) years for women. Muscle strength decline was more common in women (10.3%) than men (3%); the odds ratio (OR) for age-related muscle strength decline was 3.73 (95%CI 2.66-5.23) in women relative to men (p < 0.001). Factors that appeared protective included higher physical activity scores in men (OR 0.97, 95%CI 0.96-0.99, p = 0.003) and in women (OR 0.97, 95%CI 0.96-0.98, p < 0.001) and a higher prudent diet score in women (OR: 0.74, 95%CI 0.60-0.90 p = 0.003). Muscle strength decline was strongly associated with quality of life in women (p ≤ 0.001) as assessed by SF36 and EuroQoL EQ-5D for all domains, although EuroQOL anxiety/depression and SF36 role emotional were less strongly associated (p-value=0.042, p-value=0.006, respectively). Table 1 shows self-reported impaired ability to move, self-care, perform usual activities and increased pain were associated with higher risk of age-related muscle strength decline in women. Conclusion Age related muscle strength decline was more common in community dwelling women than men, and diet and physical activity were predictors of such decline. Research into effective preventative interventions is now warranted. Disclosures J. Zhang None. F. Laskou None. K. Jameson None. C. Cooper None. E.M. Dennison None.

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Muscle Strength Variations of Knee Joint Muscles in Elite Female Handball Players after Pre-Season Conditioning

Journal of Human Kinetics ◽

10.2478/hukin-2018-0011 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 63 (1) ◽

pp. 105-115 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zuzana Gonosova ◽

Petr Stastny ◽

Jan Belka ◽

Lucia Bizovska ◽

Michal Lehnert

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Elite Athletes ◽

Body Height ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Training Process ◽

Strength Performance ◽

Risk Of Injury ◽

Previous Season ◽

Isokinetic Peak Torque

Abstract Monitoring seasonal variations in strength performance and the relative risk of injury indicators related to strength of hamstring (H) and quadriceps (Q) in female elite athletes is beneficial for the training process. The aim of this study was to examine and compare the level of muscle strength, the conventional ratio (HCONC/QCONC) as well as two functional and strength ratios reflecting the movement of knee extension (HECC/QCONC) and flexion (HCONC/QECC), and the bilateral percentage strength deficit (BSD) in elite female handball players. The concentric and eccentric isokinetic peak torque was measured at an angular velocity of 60°/s on three occasions (in-season cessation, 4 weeks of rest followed by 4 weeks of individual conditioning and 6 weeks of group conditioning) in eleven female handball players (age: 23.1 ± 3.5 years, body height: 1.73 ± 0.6 m). According to ANOVA results, the BSD of H muscles in the concentric mode decreased between the in-season cessation and the end of the pre-season, and HCONC/QCONC increased at the beginning of the pre-season and at the end of the pre-season in comparison with inseason cessation measurement. The effect size analyses showed that the off-season rest followed by 10 weeks of the conditioning programme increased Q and H strength in comparison with the previous season with a large effect. Coaches should include progressive conditioning in the pre-season phase to decrease the bilateral strength deficit and to support further conditioning development.

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MUSCLE STRENGTH AS A PREDICTOR OF GAIT VARIABILITY AFTER TWO YEARS IN COMMUNITY-LIVING OLDER ADULTS

Journal of Frailty & Aging ◽

10.14283/jfa.2019.24 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

B. Bogen ◽

R. Moe-Nilssen ◽

M.K. Aaslund ◽

A.H. Ranhoff

Keyword(s):

Older Adults ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Inertial Sensors ◽

Cognitive Task ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Gait Variability ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Uneven Surface ◽

Fast Speed ◽

Z Scores

Background: Stride-to-stride fluctuations, or gait variability, can be captured easily using body worn inertial sensors. Previously, sensor-measured gait variability has been found to be associated with fall risk and central nervous changes. However, further research is needed to clarify the clinical relevance of this method. Objectives: In this study, we look at how gait variability is associated with muscle strength, measured two years earlier. Design, setting and participants: This is study of longitudinal associations. Participants were community-dwelling volunteers between 70-81 years. Measurements: Participants were tested while walking with a single sensor at their lower back, and they walked back and forth over a distance of 6.5 meters under four conditions: at preferred speed, at fast speed, with an added cognitive task, and while walking across an uneven surface. Gait variability in the anteroposterior (AP), mediolateral (ML) and vertical (V) directions was identified. A muscle strength score was composed by transforming hand grip strength, isometric knee extension strength and the 30 second chair rise-test to z-scores and adding them. Results: 56 individuals were analysed (mean age at baseline 75.8 (SD 3.43), 60 percent women). In a backwards regression method using age, gender and baseline walking speed as covariates, muscle strength predicted gait variability after two years for AP variability during preferred speed (Beta= .314, p=.025) and uneven surface walking (Beta=.326, p=.018). Further, muscle strength was associated with ML variability during preferred speed (Beta=.364, p=.048) and fast speed (Beta=.419, p=.042), and V variability during preferred speed (Beta=.402, p=.002), fast speed (Beta=.394, p=.004) and uneven surface walking (Beta=.369, p=.004). Conclusions: Sensor-measured gait variability tended to be associated with muscle strength measured two years earlier. This finding could emphasize the relevance of this relatively novel measure of gait in older adults for both research and clinical practice.

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Relationship Between Muscle Strength Asymmetry and Body Sway in Older Adults

Journal of Aging and Physical Activity ◽

10.1123/japa.2017-0096 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 457-461 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Hitoshi Koda ◽

Yoshihiro Kai ◽

Shin Murata ◽

Hironori Osugi ◽

Kunihiko Anami ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Body Sway ◽

Adult Women ◽

Gait Stability ◽

Cutoff Value ◽

Hand Grip ◽

Strength Asymmetry ◽

The Relationship

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between muscle strength asymmetry and body sway while walking. We studied 63 older adult women. Strong side and weak side of knee extension strength, toe grip strength, hand grip strength, and body sway while walking were measured. The relationship between muscle strength asymmetry for each muscle and body sway while walking was evaluated using Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Regarding the muscles recognized to have significant correlation with body sway, the asymmetry cutoff value causing an increased sway was calculated. Toe grip strength asymmetry was significantly correlated with body sway. Toe grip strength asymmetry causing an increased body sway had a cutoff value of 23.5%. Our findings suggest toe grip strength asymmetry may be a target for improving gait stability.

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Heterogeneity in the vasodilatory function of individual extremities

Vascular ◽

10.1177/1708538119868411 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (1) ◽

pp. 87-95

Author(s):

Tomoyasu Kadoguchi ◽

Masahiro Horiuchi ◽

Shintaro Kinugawa ◽

Koichi Okita

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Brachial Artery ◽

Popliteal Artery ◽

Muscle Activity ◽

Vascular Function ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Flow Mediated Dilation ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Vasodilatory Function

Objectives Heterogeneity and homogeneity in the flow-mediated dilation of the human body's individual extremities are not fully understood, and the relationship between flow-mediated dilation and local muscle activity is unclear. We assessed the flow-mediated dilation of four individual extremities and sought to determine the contribution of local muscle activity (evaluated as muscle strength) to the flow-mediated dilation in each extremity. Methods Thirteen healthy young right-handed nonactive males participated. The flow-mediated dilation in the brachial and popliteal arteries at both arms and legs was assessed by ultrasound Doppler. Muscle strength was evaluated as the grip strength and knee extension. Results There was a significant difference in the brachial artery (BA)-FMD values between the subjects' dominant and non-dominant sides (8.0 ± 2.8 vs. 5.5 ± 2.2%, p < 0.05), whereas the two sides showed similar popliteal artery (PA)-FMD values. There was no significant correlation in flow-mediated dilation between the dominant brachial artery and popliteal artery. The BA-FMD was significantly correlated with the grip strength in both upper extremities (dominant: r = 0.562, non-dominant: r = 0.548; p < 0.05, respectively). Conclusion These results demonstrated heterogeneity in the flow-mediated dilation of individual extremities. We observed that local muscle activity can affect the local vascular function. Measurements of vasodilatory function in individual extremities should thus be carefully considered.

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Effects of Chemotherapy Treatment on Muscle Strength, Quality of Life, Fatigue, and Anxiety in Women with Breast Cancer

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17197289 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (19) ◽

pp. 7289 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Vitor A. Marques ◽

João B. Ferreira-Junior ◽

Thiago V. Lemos ◽

Rafael F. Moraes ◽

José Roberto de S. Junior ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Breast Cancer ◽

Quality Of Life ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Short Form ◽

Cancer Control ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Anxiety State ◽

Chemotherapy Treatment

The study aimed to evaluate the effects of chemotherapy treatment on muscle strength, quality of life, fatigue, and anxiety in women with breast cancer. Nineteen women who were undergoing a chemotherapy treatment (breast cancer treatment [BCT] group, 52.2 ± 13.1 years) and 18 women without cancer (control [CNT] group, 55.8 ± 8.4 years) answered questionnaires for evaluation of fatigue (Fatigue Scale), quality of life (Short-Form Healthy Survey [SF-36] questionnaire), and anxiety (State-Trait Anxiety Inventory [IDATE]) levels. Muscle strength was also assessed by an isometric grip test and an isokinetic knee extension test. Physical limitations, social and emotional domains of quality of life were lower in the BCT group in comparison to the CNT group (p = 0.002; p = 0.003; p = 0.0003, respectively). The other domains did not differ between groups (p > 0.05). There were no differences in fatigue and anxiety levels between both the BCT and CNT groups (p > 0.05). Additionally, isometric grip strength was higher in the CNT group when compared to the BCT group (p = 0.048). However, there were no differences between the BCT and CNT groups for peak torque and total work at both 60°.s−1 (p = 0.95 and p = 0.61, respectively) and 180°.s−1 (p = 0.94 and p = 0.72, respectively). These results suggest that three cycles of chemotherapy treatment may impair handgrip isometric strength and quality of life in women with breast cancer.

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Associations of Impaired Renal Function With Declines in Muscle Strength and Muscle Function in Older Men: Findings From the CHAMP Study

The Journals of Gerontology Series A ◽

10.1093/gerona/glz100 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 74 (11) ◽

pp. 1812-1820 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tadashi Toyama ◽

Oliver van den Broek-Best ◽

Toshiaki Ohkuma ◽

David Handelsman ◽

Louise M Waite ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Renal Function ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Renal Impairment ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Lean Mass ◽

Gait Speed ◽

Muscle Function ◽

Older Men ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Physical Parameters

Abstract Background Advanced kidney disease is associated with reduced muscle strength and physical performance. However, associations between early stages of renal impairment and physical outcomes are unclear. Methods The Concord Health and Ageing in Men Project is a prospective study of 1,705 community-dwelling men aged 70 years and older. Participants with estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) more than 30 mL/min/1.73 m2 were included and further divided into four eGFR categories. Physical parameters including grip strength, gait speed, appendicular lean mass (ALM, a sum of skeletal mass of arms and legs), ALM adjusted for body mass index (ALMBMI), and muscle function (measured using grip strength divided by arm lean mass) were assessed at both baseline and 5-year follow-up. Associations between kidney function and changes in physical parameters were analyzed using linear and logistic regression models. Results Our study included 789 men with a median age of 75 years and median eGFR of 72 mL/min/1.73 m2 at baseline. Over 5 years, grip strength, gait speed, ALMBMI, and muscle function all declined in the whole cohort, compared with baseline. The multivariable analyses showed that poorer renal function was associated with more rapid declines in grip strength, gait speed, and muscle function in participants with mild-to-moderate renal impairment (GFR category stage G3, eGFR < 60 mL/min/1.73 m2) (p = .01, p < .01, p = .02, respectively) but less so in those with eGFR more than 60 mL/min/1.73 m2, whereas eGFR category did not have a significant impact on declines in ALMBMI. These results remained unchanged with or without adjustment for age. Conclusions In community-dwelling older men, mild-to-moderate renal impairment at baseline was associated with declines in grip strength, gait speed, and muscle function over time despite preservation of muscle mass.

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Comparison of quadriceps setting strength and knee extension strength tests to evaluate lower limb muscle strength based on health-related physical fitness values in elderly people

BMJ Open Sport & Exercise Medicine ◽

10.1136/bmjsem-2020-000753 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. e000753

Author(s):

Yuki Ito ◽

Takumi Aoki ◽

Takeru Sato ◽

Kan Oishi ◽

Kojiro Ishii

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Physical Fitness ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Lower Limb ◽

Knee Extension ◽

Walking Distance ◽

Lower Limb Muscle ◽

Limb Muscle ◽

Knee Extension Strength ◽

Health Related

ObjectiveConventionally, knee extension strength is often used as the indicator for lower limb muscle strength; however, several recent studies have also used quadriceps setting strength. This study aimed to investigate and compare the association of quadriceps setting and knee extension strength with health-related physical fitness.MethodsWe evaluated quadriceps setting strength and isometric knee extension strength in 75 elderly subjects (mean age, 76.8±5.3 years) to determine their lower limb muscle strength. Health-related physical fitness was evaluated using the physical fitness test advocated by the Ministry of Education and Culture, Sports, Science and Technology in Japan. The test consists of the following components: grip strength, sit-up, sit and reach, one leg standing with eyes open, 10 m obstacle walk and 6 min walk.ResultsWhen adjusted for age, sex and body mass index, quadriceps setting strength was significantly correlated with grip strength, number of sit-ups, sit and reach distance, 10 m obstacle walking time and 6 min walking distance. In contrast, knee extension strength was associated only with grip strength and number of sit-ups.ConclusionMore health-related physical fitness parameters with quadriceps setting strength than knee extension strength. Quadriceps setting strength may be superior to knee extension strength as a predictor of health-related physical fitness.

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Effects of a therapeutic exercises program associated with pompage technique on pain, balance and strength in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis

Fisioterapia em Movimento ◽

10.1590/1980-5918.030.s01.ao01 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 30 (suppl 1) ◽

pp. 11-21

Author(s):

Ihana Thaís Guerra de Oliveira Gondim ◽

Amanda Bruto da Costa Torres ◽

Amanda Telino Baudel de Lacerda ◽

Danielle Queiroz Kühni Fernandes ◽

Moisés Costa do Couto ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Knee Osteoarthritis ◽

Postural Balance ◽

Elderly Women ◽

Intervention Group ◽

Knee Extensor ◽

Peak Torque ◽

Control Group ◽

Therapeutic Exercise ◽

Therapeutic Exercises

Abstract Introduction: Knee Osteoarthritis (OA) affects mainly elderly, being characterized by arthralgia, stiffness and strength and balance deficits. Scientific evidence suggests beneficial effects of exercise therapy on these changes, but lacks detailed protocols. In addition, there were published studies on effects of therapeutic exercise associated with pompage that were not located. Objective: To investigate the effects of a therapeutic exercise program associated with pompage on pain, balance and muscle strength in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis. Methods: A randomized pilot clinical trial that included 22 women (60 - 80 years) diagnosed with knee OA, randomized and allocated by simple raffle into two groups: intervention and control. Intervention group (strengthening and balance exercises and knee pompage) performed two sessions per week for 12 weeks. The control group received educational lectures, they were evaluated before and after 12 weeks: arthralgia- subscale pain of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index questionnaire (WOMAC); postural stability- postural balance protocol by Biodex Balance SD and muscle strength- concentric peak torque of the knee extensor by isokinetic dynamometer. The Independent Student t test was used for intergroup analysis. Results: The intervention group compared with the control showed better results for the outcomes pain, balance and muscle strength after 12 weeks. However, the difference was statistically significant (p < 0.05) for levels of antero-posterior oscillation (DM -0.28, 95% CI -0.54 a -0.02; p = 0.035) and global oscillation (DM -0.36, 95% CI -0.68 a -0.04; p = 0.028). Conclusion: The intervention had a positive effect on postural balance in elderly women with knee osteoarthritis.

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Testosterone but not estradiol level is positively related to muscle strength and physical performance independent of muscle mass: a cross-sectional study in 1489 older men

Acta Endocrinologica ◽

10.1530/eje-10-0952 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 164 (5) ◽

pp. 811-817 ◽

Cited By ~ 55

Author(s):

Tung Wai Auyeung ◽

Jenny Shun Wah Lee ◽

Timothy Kwok ◽

Jason Leung ◽

Claes Ohlsson ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Grip Strength ◽

Muscle Mass ◽

Physical Performance ◽

Older Men ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Sex Hormone ◽

Sex Hormone Binding Globulin ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Skeletal Mass

ObjectiveTo examine the relationship between different measures of testosterone and estradiol (E2), muscle mass, muscle strength, and physical performance; and to test whether the association of sex hormone level with muscle strength and physical performance was independent of muscle mass.Design and methodsA cross-sectional survey on 1489 community-dwelling men older than 64 years of age. Serum levels of testosterone and E2were measured by mass spectrometry, and sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG) levels were measured by immunoradioassay. Muscle mass was examined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry and physical performance was assessed by hand-grip strength, gait speed, step length and chair-stand test.ResultsAppendicular skeletal mass (ASM) was positively associated with total testosterone (TT;P<0.001), free testosterone (FT;P<0.001), and total E2(P<0.001) but not with free E2(P=0.102). After adjustment for age, serum SHBG and relative ASM, both TT and FT were significantly associated with grip strength, narrow-walk speed and the composite neuromuscular score. Higher total E2, but not free E2was associated with lower grip strength (P<0.05) after adjustment for age, FT, SHBG and relative ASM.ConclusionsTestosterone level was related to both muscle mass, strength and physical performance. Total E2level, though related to muscle mass positively, affected muscle strength adversely in older men.

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