Exploring the State of Gender-Centered Health Research in the Context of Refugee Resettlement in Canada: A Scoping Review

Interdisciplinary health research that investigates gender as a relational process is necessary to facilitate a safe and healthy resettlement process for refugees in Canada. This scoping review explores the range, nature, and extent of published research examining gender in relation to refugee health during resettlement in Canada. An initial search of six databases yielded 7325 articles published before June 2019. A total of 34 articles published between 1988 and 2019 were included for in-depth review. Articles meeting inclusion criteria primarily focused on refugee women. Categories of focus included maternal health, social and emotional health, health impacts of sexual and gender-based violence and torture, access to health and social services, decision-making and health-seeking behavior, mental health, and sexual and reproductive health. Our thematic analysis identified connections between gender roles, expectations, ideals, and health through interactions and lived experiences within the family, community, and healthcare system. Review findings suggest that many refugee women are influenced by pervasive gender roles and expectations as well as exposed to gendered health systems and practices that may pose risks to health, particularly mental health and access to services. Further efforts should be made to understand processes and experiences of resilience and community building in countering negative impacts of gendered beliefs and practices on health during resettlement.

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Gratitude and Happiness in Adolescents

Research Anthology on Rehabilitation Practices and Therapy ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-3432-8.ch090 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1786-1804

Author(s):

Rachel Gottlieb ◽

Jeffrey Froh

Keyword(s):

Thematic Analysis ◽

Health Research ◽

Positive Emotions ◽

Emotional Health ◽

Well Being ◽

Social And Emotional ◽

Effective Interventions ◽

Downward Comparison ◽

Review Current

Gratitude is important for social and emotional health. Research suggests that there is a relation between experiencing and expressing gratitude and happiness. The aim of this chapter is to review current research regarding gratitude development and happiness, adolescent gratitude development, and to discuss future recommendations. This chapter also discusses a study examining adolescent perspectives on the meaning of being thankful. To obtain adolescent perspectives on the meaning of being thankful, adolescents (N = 1,098) wrote essays describing what being thankful meant to them. Thematic analysis was used to identify and analyze themes within the essays. Percentiles were calculated for the most recurrent themes across essays (Appreciation = 54.07%, Family = 31.42%, Positive Emotions = 28.81%, Assistance/Support from Others = 25.99%, Friendship = 21.18%, and Downward Comparison = 16.60%). Understanding gratitude development in adolescents can aid in creating effective interventions, potentially increasing adolescent well-being and happiness.

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Disability, violence, and mental health among Somali refugee women in a humanitarian setting

Global Mental Health ◽

10.1017/gmh.2020.23 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 7 ◽

Author(s):

Mazeda Hossain ◽

Rachel Pearson ◽

Alys McAlpine ◽

Loraine Bacchus ◽

Sheru W. Muuo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Partner Violence ◽

Functional Disability ◽

Health Anxiety ◽

Poor Mental Health ◽

Refugee Camps ◽

Post Traumatic Stress ◽

Gender Based Violence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Refugee Women

Abstract Background There is limited evidence on the relationship between disability, experiences of gender-based violence (GBV), and mental health among refugee women in humanitarian contexts. Methods A cross-sectional analysis was conducted of baseline data (n = 209) collected from women enrolled in a cohort study of refugee women accessing GBV response services in the Dadaab refugee camps in Kenya. Women were surveyed about GBV experiences (past 12 months, before the last 12 months, before arriving in the refugee camps), functional disability status, and mental health (anxiety, depression, post-traumatic stress), and we explored the inter-relationship of these factors. Results Among women accessing GBV response services, 44% reported a disability. A higher proportion of women with a disability (69%) reported a past-year experience of physical intimate partner violence and/or physical or sexual non-partner violence, compared to women without a disability (54%). A higher proportion of women with a disability (32%) experienced non-partner physical or sexual violence before arriving in the camp compared to women without a disability (16%). Disability was associated with higher scores for depression (1.93, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.54–3.33), PTSD (2.26, 95% CI 0.03–4.49), and anxiety (1.54, 95% CI 0.13–2.95) after adjusting for age, length of encampment, partner status, number of children, and GBV indicators. Conclusions A large proportion of refugee women seeking GBV response services have disabilities, and refugee women with a disability are at high risk of poor mental health. This research highlights the need for mental health and disability screening within GBV response programming.

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Barriers and facilitators to employment for young adults with mental illness: a scoping review

BMJ Open ◽

10.1136/bmjopen-2018-024487 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 8 (12) ◽

pp. e024487 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Taryn Gmitroski ◽

Christl Bradley ◽

Lyn Heinemann ◽

Grace Liu ◽

Paige Blanchard ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Mental Illness ◽

Young Adults ◽

Social Services ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Mental Health Treatment ◽

Adult Population ◽

Barriers And Facilitators ◽

Self Awareness ◽

Adults With Mental Illness

ObjectivesThe issue of gaining employment for those with mental illness is a growing global concern. For many in the young adult population, who are at a transitional age, employment is a central goal. In response, we conducted a scoping review to answer the question, ‘What are the barriers and facilitators to employment for young adults with mental illness?’DesignWe conducted a scoping review in accordance to the Arksey and O’Malley framework. We performed a thorough search of Medline, EMBASE, CINAHL, ABI/INFORM, PsycINFO and Cochrane. We included studies that considered young adults aged 15–29 years of age with a mental health diagnosis, who were seeking employment or were included in an employment intervention.ResultsOur search resulted in 24 research articles that focused on employment for young adults with mental illness. Four main themes were extracted from the literature: (1) integrated health and social services, (2) age-exposure to employment supports, (3) self-awareness and autonomy and (4) sustained support over the career trajectory.ConclusionsOur review suggests that consistent youth-centred employment interventions, in addition to usual mental health treatment, can facilitate young adults with mental illness to achieve their employment goals. Aligning the mental health and employment priorities of young adults may result in improved health and social outcomes for this population while promoting greater engagement of young adults in care.

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Service user's actual involvement in mental health research practices: A scoping review

International Journal of Mental Health Nursing ◽

10.1111/inm.12594 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 28 (4) ◽

pp. 798-815 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Carina Sangill ◽

Niels Buus ◽

Lisbeth Hybholt ◽

Lene Lauge Berring

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Mental Health Research ◽

Research Practices

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Mental health research studies in Saudi Arabia for the years 2009–2019; a systematic scoping review

Archives of Psychiatric Nursing ◽

10.1016/j.apnu.2021.01.001 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Gil M. Parentela

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Saudi Arabia ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Mental Health Research ◽

Research Studies

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Telepsychiatry and the Role of Artificial Intelligence in Mental Health in Post-COVID-19 India: A Scoping Review on Opportunities

Indian Journal of Psychological Medicine ◽

10.1177/0253717620952160 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 42 (5) ◽

pp. 428-434

Author(s):

Thenral M ◽

Arunkumar Annamalai

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Scientific Information ◽

Health Seeking ◽

Origin And Evolution ◽

The Status ◽

Seeking Behavior ◽

Potential Applications

Background: COVID-19 has a profound impact on people with existing mental disorders, augmenting the prevailing inequalities in mental health. Methods: In order to understand the status of telepsychiatry in India and the role of artificial intelligence (AI) in mental health and its potential applications, a scoping review was done between March 2020 and May 2020. The literature review revealed 253 papers, which were used to derive the primary framework for analysis. The information was then reviewed for ideas and concepts, which were integrated with evidence from gray literature and categorized under broader themes based on the insights derived. Finally, a thematic framework was developed for discussion to tailor scientific information for decision-makers’ needs. Results: Review findings are summarized under the following headings: changing patterns of health-seeking behavior, origin and evolution of telepsychiatry, possible applications of telepsychiatry and AI, technological features, and AI models in mental health. Conclusions: Though there are several potential opportunities, the time is not yet ripe for telepsychiatry and AI to be adopted fully in the field of mental health care. But it is time that we develop indigenous proprietary technology and test and validate it. With many solutions offered by telepsychiatry and AI, psychiatrists must choose an appropriate tool based on their requirements, availability of resources, and feasibility of deployment. Harmony between conventional care and technology-based care must be reached gradually.

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Gender inequality in the global mental health research workforce: a research authorship scoping review and qualitative study in Nepal

BMJ Global Health ◽

10.1136/bmjgh-2021-006146 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (12) ◽

pp. e006146

Author(s):

Dristy Gurung ◽

Manaswi Sangraula ◽

Prasansa Subba ◽

Anubhuti Poudyal ◽

Shelly Mishra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Gender Equality ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Global Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Research ◽

Global Health Research ◽

Structural Barriers ◽

Research Workforce ◽

Nepali Women

IntroductionAlthough women’s health is prioritised in global research, few studies have identified structural barriers and strategies to promote female leadership and gender equality in the global health research workforce, especially in low-income and middle-income countries.MethodsWe conducted a mixed-methods study to evaluate gender equality in the mental health research workforce in Nepal. The scoping review assessed gender disparities in authorship of journal publications for Nepal mental health research, using databases (PsycINFO, PubMed, Web of Science, NepJol, NepMed) for 5 years. Qualitative interviews were conducted with 22 Nepali researchers to identify structural barriers limiting women’s leadership.ResultsOf 337 articles identified, 61% were by Nepali first authors. Among Nepali first authors, 38.3% were women. Nepali women had half the odds of being first authors compared with men, when referenced against non-Nepali authors (OR 0.50, 95% CI 1.30 to 3.16). When limiting publications to those based on funded research, the odds were worse for first authorship among Nepali women (OR 0.37, 95% CI 0.19 to 0.71). The qualitative analysis supported the scoping review and identified a lack of gender-friendly organisational policies, difficulties in communication and mobility, and limited opportunities for networking as barriers to women’s leadership in global health research.ConclusionEfforts are needed for greater representation of Nepali women in global mental health research, which will require transformative organisational policies to foster female leadership. Those in leadership need to recognise gender inequalities and take necessary steps to address them. Funding agencies should prioritise supporting organisations with gender equality task forces, policies and indicators.

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Understanding the evidence for climate concerns, negative emotions and climate-related mental ill-health in young people: a scoping review

10.1101/2021.09.27.21264151 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Reem Ramadan ◽

Alicia Randell ◽

Suzie Lavoie ◽

Caroline X Gao ◽

Paula Cruz Manrique ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Climate Change ◽

Mental Health ◽

Young People ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Health Research ◽

Negative Emotions ◽

Youth Mental Health ◽

Mental Health Research ◽

Original Research ◽

Climate Action

ABSTRACTBackgroundHuman-induced climate change represents a serious threat to human health, including mental health, due to both the traumatising effects of extreme climate events and the psychological effect of worry about climate change. The present scoping review aims to systematically search and synthesise original research related to mental health and climate related concerns, negative emotions and mental ill-health in young people. Findings will help to understand the current landscape, gaps in the literature, and to provide recommendations for future youth mental health research and practice.MethodsA systematic search and narrative synthesis of the literature published prior to October 2020 examining negative emotions associated with climate change in young people was undertaken. Studies were included if they examined mental ill-health (e.g. symptoms of depression or anxiety) or negative emotions (e.g. distress, worry, concern) associated with the threat of climate change.FindingsOf the 3329 peer-reviewed articles screened, 12 met the inclusion criteria. Together, included studies show that young people are worried about climate change. Studies also explored the coping strategies young people use to manage their distress caused by climate change.InterpretationsThe limited literature in this area indicates a key gap in youth mental health research. Available evidence suggests that young people are concerned about climate change, which may increase risk of mental ill-health. Thus, clinicians should assess for and address climate anxiety in young people. Mental health leaders are urged to advocate for urgent climate action to mitigate the effects of climate anxiety in young people.Fundingthis project was not funded.

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Mental health research in Botswana: a semi-systematic scoping review

Journal of International Medical Research ◽

10.1177/0300060520966458 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 48 (10) ◽

pp. 030006052096645

Author(s):

Philip R. Opondo ◽

Anthony A. Olashore ◽

Keneilwe Molebatsi ◽

Caleb J. Othieno ◽

James O. Ayugi

Keyword(s):

Mental Health ◽

Scoping Review ◽

Full Text ◽

Health Research ◽

Research Capacity ◽

Mental Health Research ◽

Sub Saharan Africa ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Middle Income ◽

The Usa

Mental and substance use disorders are a leading cause of disability worldwide. Despite this, there is a paucity of mental health research in low- and middle-income countries, especially in sub-Saharan Africa. We carried out a semi-systematic scoping review to determine the extent of mental health research in Botswana. Using a predetermined search strategy, we searched the databases Web of Science, PubMed, and EBSCOhost (Academic Search Complete, CINAHL with Full Text, MEDLINE, MEDLINE with Full Text, MLA International Bibliography, Open Dissertations) for articles written in English from inception to June 2020. We identified 58 studies for inclusion. The most researched subject was mental health aspects of HIV/AIDS, followed by research on neurotic and stress-related disorders. Most studies were cross-sectional and the earliest published study was from 1983. The majority of the studies were carried out by researchers affiliated to the University of Botswana, followed by academic institutions in the USA. There seems to be limited mental health research in Botswana, and there is a need to increase research capacity.

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