scholarly journals Heavy Metal(loid)s Contamination in Ground Dust and Associated Health Risks at a Former Indigenous Zinc Smelting Area

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 893
Author(s):  
Shan Li ◽  
Xiangyang Bi ◽  
Zhonggen Li ◽  
Heng Wang ◽  
Xinyu Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Threshold Values ◽  
Zinc Smelting

Indigenous zinc smelting (IZS) is a backward technique that releases a great deal of heavy metal(loid)s into the environment. However, the contamination of heavy metal(loid)s in ground dust and the associated health risks in such areas are poorly known. In this study, a former IZS area in Guizhou, China, was surveyed during 2008–2018 with 15 elements (Ag, As, Bi, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Hg, In, Ni, Pb, Sb, Sn, Tl, Zn) being analyzed. The results indicate that most elements (e.g., Ag, As, Cd, Cu, Pb, Sb, Sn, Zn) in ground dust decreased significantly after the cessation of the IZS in 2006; nevertheless, some elements still remained at relatively high levels in 2018, e.g., Pb (average: 762 ± 647 mg/kg), Zn (average: 1287 ± 753 mg/kg), Cd (average: 7.76 ± 5.06 mg/kg), and As (average: 41.9 ± 34.8 mg/kg), indicating they might come from the local contaminated soils, slag residues and smelting potteries. In terms of the impacts on human health, children have both higher non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks than that of adults, with the latter subpopulation having a lower risk than the threshold values. Pb and As were the two elements with the highest non-carcinogenic risk for children, the hazard index of local children was still higher than the threshold of 1 (e.g., 1.43 for As, 2.09 for Pb) in 2018. The carcinogenic risk of As exposure to children dropped more than two times to 6.42 × 10−7 in 2018, which falls below the tolerable range (10−6–10−4). This study revealed that although the concentration of heavy metal(loid)s in ground dust and linked health risk in the IZS area has reduced dramatically after the cessation of IZS, continued removal of slag residues and smelting potteries is necessary for further decreasing the human health risk.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Distribution and Safety Threshold of Cadmium in Soil of Coal Chemical Industry Area

Minerals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 678
Author(s):  
Kai Zhang ◽  
XiaoNan Li ◽  
ZhenYu Song ◽  
JiaYu Yan ◽  
MengYue Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Oral Intake ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Kriging Interpolation Method ◽  
Industry Area

Cadmium (Cd) is a highly carcinogenic metal that plays an important role in the risk management of soil pollution. In this study, 153 soil samples were collected from a coal chemical plant in northwest China, and the human health risks associated with Cd were assessed through multiple exposure pathways. Meanwhile, by the Kriging interpolation method, the spatial distribution and health risks of Cd were explored. The results showed that the average concentration of Cd in the soil was 0.540 mg/kg, which was 4.821 and 5.567 times that of the soil background value in Ningxia and China, respectively. In comparison, the concentration of Cd in the soil was below the national soil environmental quality three-level standard (1.0 mg/kg). In addition, health risk assessment results showed that the total carcinogenic risk of Cd was 1.269 × 10−6–2.189 × 10−6, both above the acceptable criteria (1 × 10−6), while the hazard quotient was within the acceptable level. Oral intake and ingestion of soil particles were the main routes of exposure, and the carcinogenic risk control value of oral intake was the lowest (0.392 mg/kg), which could be selected as the strict reference of the safety threshold for Cd in the coal chemical soil. From Kriging, a prediction map can be centrally predicted on heavy metal pollution in the area surrounding the coal entrance corridor and pedestrian entrance. This study can provide a theoretical basis for the determination of the heavy metal safety threshold of the coal chemical industry in China.

A review of heavy metals in indoor dust and its human health-risk implications

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sock Yin Tan ◽  
Sarva Mangala Praveena ◽  
Emilia Zainal Abidin ◽  
Manraj Singh Cheema
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Metal Concentration ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentration ◽  
Indoor Dust

AbstractIndoor dust acts as a media for heavy metal deposition. Past studies have shown that heavy metal concentration in indoor dust is affected by local human activities and atmospheric transport can have harmful effects on human health. Additionally, children are more sensitive to heavy metals due to their hand-to-mouth behaviour and rapid body development. However, limited information on health risks were found in past dust studies as these studies aimed to identify heavy metal concentrations and sources of indoor dust. The objective of this review is to discuss heavy metal concentration and sources influencing its concentration in indoor dust. Accordingly, high lead (Pb) concentration (639.10 μg/g) has been reported in heavy traffic areas. In addition, this review paper aims to estimate the health risk to children from heavy metals in indoor dust via multiple exposure pathways using the health-risk assessment (HRA). Urban areas and industrial sites have revealed high heavy metal concentration in comparison to rural areas. Hazard index (HI) values found in arsenic (As), chromium (Cr) and Pb were 21.30, 1.10 and 2.40, respectively, indicate that non-carcinogenic elements are found in children. Furthermore, most of the past studies have found that carcinogenic risks for As, cadmium (Cd), Cr and Pb were below the acceptable total lifetime cancer risk (TLCR) range (1×10

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Heavy Metals in the Black Sea: Evaluating Mussels

2018 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elif Arici ◽  
Aysah Öztekin ◽  
Levent Bat
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Black Sea ◽  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
The Black Sea ◽  
Significant Difference

The levels of Fe, Zn, Mn, Cu, Pb, Cd and Hg in the edible tissues of Mytilus galloprovincialis Lamarck, 1819 (Mediterranean mussel) picked up from the Black Sea coasts of Turkey have been determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma – Mass Spectrometer (ICP/MS) with a view to biomonitoring metal contamination in 2015. In this work, a statistically significant difference in the amounts of all studied heavy metals analyzed was noticed amidst sampling areas namely Igneada, Sinop, Samsun and Trabzon so that appraise welfare threat for mussel consumers, utilization M. galloprovincialis as biomonitors. The outcomes of this study were contrasted with the outlines stated by the Ministry of Agriculture, Fisheries and Food (MAFF), the Turkish Food Codex and Commission Regulation (EC) for the harmless consumption restrictions of Bivalves as seafood. Moreover, former works with mussels in the Black Sea countries were reviewed and a summary of heavy metal amounts in mussels from whole the Black Sea waters were presented. In general these available measurements clearly indicated a low level heavy metal in M. galloprovincialis in coastal waters of the Black Sea. In this study the concentrations (mg metal kg-1 wet wt.) of metals ranged from 18-35 for Fe, 8-27 for Zn, 2.8-4.5 for Mn, 0.5-1.8 for Cu, 0.06-0.31 for Pb, 0.04-0.10 for Cd and 0.03-0.07 for Hg. Considering human health with respect to the investigated heavy metals, the estimated daily intakes (EDIs) did not exceed the permissible intakes. No chronic systemic risk was found since total hazard index (0.521) were quite below critical value 1, and the carcinogenic risk for heavy metals did not exceed the tolerable values. Although there was no health risk to consumed mussels from the Black Sea riparian countries, the amount of mussels consumed is mainly unknown in countries; thus, consumption of about 1 serving of mussels from clean coastal waters per week is enough.

scholarly journals Human Health Risk Assessment of Nitrate and Trace Metals Via Groundwater in Central Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md.Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
Md. Bodrud-Doza ◽  
Md. Iftakharul Muhib ◽  
Kaniz Fatima Binte Hossain ◽  
Md. Sabbir Hossain ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Hazard Quotient ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Elevated Concentration ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
Guideline Value ◽  
High Level

Groundwater plays a pivotal role as the largest potable water sources in Bangladesh. However, the quality of the groundwater faces challenges due to xenobiotic compounds in it. Excess amount of arsenic (As) has already been found in groundwater in many parts of Bangladesh. Thus, this study was conducted to assess the water quality and associated human health risk in central Bangladesh. A total of 99 groundwater samples from the central part of Bangladesh were analyzed to assess human health risk due to high level of nitrate (NO3-) and other trace elements i.e. arsenic (As), iron (Fe), and manganese (Mn). It was found that NO3- concentration (253.17 mg/L) in the groundwater samples exceeds the recommended guideline value by the WHO (50 mg/L). Moreover, this study area also characterized with elevated concentration of As (19.44 µg/L), Fe (811.35 µg/L), and Mn (455.18 µg/L) in the groundwater. Non-carcinogenic human health risk was calculated by justifying HQ (Hazard Quotient) and HI (Hazard Index) and attributed potential conjunctive human health risks due to NO3-, As, Fe and Mn in the study area. Moreover, high carcinogenic risk was found due to As contamination in the groundwater samples in the study area.

scholarly journals Heavy Metal Concentrations and Human Health Risk Assessment of Selected Wild and Cultured Fishes of Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 189-203
Author(s):  
Ami Akter ◽  
Anowar Hosen ◽  
Md Amjad Hossain ◽  
Farzana Khalil ◽  
Tonima Mustafa
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Heavy Metal Concentrations ◽  
Fish Samples ◽  
Cultured Fish

This study was conducted to estimate the concentration of selected heavy metals such as chromium (Cr), manganese (Mn), cobalt (Co), nickel (Ni), copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), cadmium (Cd), and lead (Pb) as well as the possible risk to consumer health from the flesh of three wild and cultured fishes (Labeo rohita, Mystus cavasius, and Heteropneustes fossilis) collected from the Meghna river, Narayangonj and Rajoir fish farm, Madaripur district respectively. Heavy metal concentrations were determined using Atomic Absorption Spectrometric method. The average concentration of heavy metals were found in the wild fish samples in the range as Cr (0.295-1.647), Mn (0.900-1.294), Ni (0.063-0.198), Cu (0.179-0.529), Zn (5.487-8.343), Cd (0.004-0.009) and Pb (0.193-0.290) mg/kg dry weight while in the cultured fish samples in the range as Cr (0.043-0.315), Mn (0.975-2.36), Co (BDL), Ni (0.005-0.095), Cu (0.238-0.978), Zn (5.487-8.305), Cd (0.004-0.009), and Pb (0.238-0.286) mg/kg dry weight respectively. The hierarchy of mean concentration of heavy metals in wild fishes was Zn> Mn> Cu> Pb> Cr> Ni > Cd and in the cultured fishes, the order was found Zn> Mn> Cr> Pb> Cu> Ni > Cd. The present study showed that the wild fish accumulated higher concentration of heavy metals in their muscles than the cultured fish. The analyzed Ni, Cu, Zn, Cd, and Pb were below the allowable level specified by international agencies (FAO, WHO, EU, CE, USEP). In order to assess the human health risk, the Target Hazard Quotient (THQ), Hazard Index (HI), and Target carcinogenic Risk (TR) were calculated. The TR values suggested that the fishes posed low to moderate carcinogenic risk from Cr, Ni and Cd. Consequently, continuous and excessive consumption of these fish species over a lifetime will increase the possibility of causing cancer. Bangladesh J. Zool. 49 (2): 189-203, 2021

scholarly journals Heavy Metals Contamination and Human Health Risk Asssessment Via Consumption of Medicinal Plants from Amassoma Community, Bayelsa State of Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 53-65
Author(s):  
Ebimobowei Assayomo ◽  
Solomon Brepi Patrick ◽  
Ruth Angobrakumor Ajimmy ◽  
Eyidenghabofa David Odikeme ◽  
Ahiakwo Bright Ogbo
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Permissible Limit ◽  
Flame Atomic Absorption ◽  
Fruit Samples

Aims: Man-made activities such as excessive oil exploration, automobile emissions, gas flaring and agricultural activities tend to elevate the concentrations of heavy metals in the surrounding. Heavy metals have the tendency to accumulate in plant roots, which may result to heavy metal contamination. Objectives: This study aimed at evaluating the concentration of heavy metals such as Lead (Pb), Cadmium (Cd), Nickel and Zinc (Zn) in Pawpaw fruits, seeds, leaf and Scent leaf from Amosoma community in Bayelsa State, Nigeria. The concentrations of these metals were used to assess the human health risk melted to the consumers of the vegetables and fruits. Materials and Methods: Sixteen different vegetables and fruit samples comprising of Pawpaw and Scent leaves were digested and analyzed for heavy metals using Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer (F-AAS). Results: The result of the present study reviewed that Pb, Cd, Ni, and Zn ranged from 1.090 ± 0.01 - 5.990 ± 0.06; 0.213 ± 0.03 - 1.317 ± 0.02; 2.810 ± 0.04 - 4.767 ± 0.09; and 0.793 ± 0.01 -5.303 ± 0.02 mg/kg, respectively. The concentrations of Pb, Cd, and Ni in some of the analyzed pawpaw and scent leaf samples exceeded the permissible limit as recommended by WHO/FAO, EC/CODEX and NAFDAC respectively. The concentrations of Zn were below the permissible limit as recommended by WHO/FAO. The Estimated Daily Intake (EDI) of Pb and Cd exceeded the oral reference dose (RfDo) however; Ni and Zn fall within the oral RfDo. The Target Hazard Quotient (THQ) and Hazard Index (HI) values of Pb, Cd, Ni and Zn were less than 1. The Carcinogenic Risk (CR) of Cd and Ni exceeded the range of permissible predicted lifetime risks for carcinogens as recommended by US EPA, meanwhile, the carcinogenic risk of Pb was within the permissible predicted lifetime risks as recommended by USEPA. Conclusion: The result from the present study indicate that the fruits and leaves from pawpaw and scent leaf may be contaminated with Pb, Cd, and Ni and the exposed population may be at risk of developing cancer due to carcinogenic ingestion of Cd and Ni over time.

scholarly journals Probabilistic Human Health Risk Assessment of Fe, As and Mn in the Groundwater of Dhamrai Upazila, Dhaka, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Sharmin Akter ◽  
Partha Pratim Brahma ◽  
Atkeeya Tasneem ◽  
Md. Khabir Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Human Health ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Groundwater Samples ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Mean Concentration

In Bangladesh, groundwater is the most important source of potable water. This study aims to investigate the amount of Fe, Mn and As in groundwater and to assess the health risks through oral ingestion of these trace metals. Groundwater samples were collected from 20 sample sites throughout the Baishakanda union, Dhamrai upazila for source appointment and risk assessment studies. The concentrations of Fe, Mn, and As were measured using an atomic absorption spectrophotometer. Mean concentration of trace metal level in respectively descending order as Fe>Mn>As. The study found an average concentration of Fe (1.8 mg/L), Mn (0.74mg/L), and As (0.038 mg/L) in the groundwater sample where the mean value of Fe and Mn exceeds the DoE, WHO, and USEPA standards limit. On the other hand, the mean concentration value of As exceeds the WHO and USEPA standards limit. The non-carcinogenic human health risk was calculated by justifying HQ (Hazard Quotient) and HI (Hazard Index).A child (11.4056) is more vulnerable to non-carcinogenic human health risk than an adult (5.3769). Furthermore, As pollution in groundwater samples was found to pose a high carcinogenic risk, with children (3.84×10-3) being more vulnerable to carcinogenic risk than adults (1.81×10-3).The research area's groundwater was with a significant level of non-carcinogenic as well as cancer-risk (As) susceptibility in the local population.

Health-Based Risk Assessment of a Simple Landfilled Sludge Site

2013 ◽  
Vol 392 ◽  
pp. 949-953
Author(s):  
Ling Yang ◽  
Chun Lei Zhang ◽  
Lei Li ◽  
A.K. Agadzi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Assessment ◽  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Health Risk ◽  
Metal Pollution ◽  
Heavy Metal Pollution ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Contaminated Sites ◽  
Exposure Pathways

Based on the methods of health-based risk assessment of contaminated sites and the analysis of heavy metal pollution in a simple landfill sludge site, we assessed the integrated human health risk of soil contamination. It is concluded that the main pollutant is heavy metal. There are three exposure pathways identified: workers inside the site, residents working on the farmland and those living down of the site. This assessment indicates that workers would suffer non-carcinogenic impacts with total multi-pathways non-carcinogenic hazard index for heavy metal being 0.397,and the carcinogenic impacts being 2.2×10-7. The residents working on the farmland would suffer non-carcinogenic impacts with total multi-pathways non-carcinogenic hazard index for heavy metal being 0.788, and the carcinogenic impacts being 4.5×10-7. The residents living downslope of the site would suffer non-carcinogenic impacts with total multi-pathways non-carcinogenic hazard index for heavy metal being 6.22 for adults and 1.25 for children, and the carcinogenic impacts being 3.4×10-6 for adult and 7.5×10-7 for children. Non-carcinogenic index of the site and farmland areas are less than 1, while the non-carcinogenic health risk is negligible. Their carcinogenic index is less than 10-6, and the cancer health risk is small. The adults living downslope of the site have a greater risk of non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risk. The children have non-carcinogenic risk and dont have carcinogenic risk.

scholarly journals Assessment of human health risks associated with heavy metals accumulation in the freshwater fish Pangasianodon hypophthalmus in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Abdullah-hil Maruf ◽  
Nusrat Jahan Punom ◽  
Badhan Saha ◽  
Mohammad Moniruzzaman ◽  
Priyanka Dey Suchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Human Health ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Human Health Risk ◽  
Daily Intake ◽  
Hazard Index ◽  
Carcinogenic Risk ◽  
Fish Feed ◽  
Human Health Risks ◽  
Post Monsoon ◽  
Geochemical Properties

Abstract In this study, pangas and feed samples were analyzed to estimate the levels of metallic elements and to profile the human health risks due to consumption of contaminated fish. This investigation confirmed significant variations in heavy metal concentrations among different tissues of pangas in the order of Ni> Cu> Pb> Cd> Cr in pre-monsoon; and Ni> Cd= Cu> Pb= Cr in post-monsoon. Considerably higher concentrations of Pb, Cu and Cr were estimated in liver; and Cd and Ni were detected in muscle than other organs (p>0.05). Statistically significant higher amount of Cd, Ni, and Cu were observed in pre-monsoon than post-monsoon. Furthermore, three metal pairs showed significant association (Pb-Ni and Pb-Cu involved positively; Cd-Ni acted negatively). In pre-monsoon, Cd, Pb, Ni, Cu concentrations of feed significantly differed than pangas contents; whereas only Cu varied during the post-monsoon. Regression analysis revealed the significant effect of Ni content in feed on the Cu deposition of pangas (p-value 0.027, that was <0.05). For the assessment of potential human health risk of the studied metals, estimated daily intake (EDI), target hazard quotient (THQ), hazard index (HI) and carcinogenic risk (CR) indices were calculated. Studied EDI indicated that an average adult ingested a higher amount of Ni and Cu than the recommended intake limit. Nevertheless, only the higher EDI of Ni increases the value of THQ and HI than standard limit indicates adverse non-carcinogenic risk. However, lower CR of Pb confirmed no serious health hazard due to the ingestion of pangas. Factor analysis through principal component and cluster analysis suggested that higher concentrations of Pb and Ni may regulate by the feed used, geochemical properties or rapid industrialization in the study area. A proper monitoring for controlling the quality of fish feed with sustainable planning for industrialization could secure the booming of pangasius aquaculture in Bangladesh.

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