scholarly journals Longitudinal Associations of Marital, Parenting, and Employment Transitions with Weight Gain in a Multi-Ethnic Asian Population Aged 21 Years and Above

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (15) ◽  
pp. 8115
Author(s):  
Clare Whitton ◽  
Yvonne Hui Min Wong ◽  
Rob M. van Dam
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Life Transitions ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Ethnic Chinese ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Employment Transitions ◽  
Multivariable Regression ◽  
Demographic Covariates ◽  
The Life Course

Identifying when most weight gain occurs throughout the life course can inform targeted public health interventions. We evaluated the association of childbirth, marriage, and employment changes with weight changes in a multi-ethnic Asian cohort. Singapore Multi-Ethnic Cohort participants ≥21 years (n = 9655) who identified as ethnic Chinese, Malay, or Indian were weighed and interviewed about marital status, employment, and number of children at baseline and after about four years. We used multivariable regression to evaluate life transitions in relation to weight change and major gain (≥5 kg), and adjusted for socio-demographic covariates. Weight gain was 3.55 kg (95% CI 3.17, 3.94) higher in young adults (21–30 years) compared with participants older than 60 years at baseline. Getting married was associated with weight gain in women, but not men (p interaction < 0.01). Women who got married gained 1.63 kg (95% CI 0.88, 2.38) more weight and were more likely to gain ≥5 kg (OR 1.99, 95% CI 1.35, 2.93) than those remaining unmarried. Having children was not associated with weight gain. Only among ethnic Indians, remaining a homemaker was associated with less weight gain than remaining employed. In this multi-ethnic Asian population, obesity prevention efforts should target young adulthood and, in women, the transition into marriage.

scholarly journals A meta-analysis comparing short-term weight and cardiometabolic changes between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Manit Srisurapanont ◽  
Sirijit Suttajit ◽  
Surinporn Likhitsathian ◽  
Benchalak Maneeton ◽  
Narong Maneeton
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Random Effect ◽  
Random Effect Model ◽  
Dropout Rates ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Current Evidence ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Short Term Treatment

AbstractThis study compared weight and cardiometabolic changes after short-term treatment of olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine. Eligible criteria for an included trial were ≤ 24 weeks, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine treatments in patients/healthy volunteers and reported weight or cardiometabolic outcomes. Three databases were searched on October 31, 2020. Primary outcomes included weight changes and all-cause dropout rates. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and risk ratios (RRs) were computed and pooled using a random-effect model. This meta-analysis included four RCTs (n = 1195). The heterogeneous data revealed that weight changes were not significantly different between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine groups (4 RCTs, SDM = − 0.19, 95% CI − 0.45 to 0.07, I2 = 75%). The whole-sample, pooled RR of all-cause dropout rates (4 RCTs, RR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.23, I2 = 0%) was not significant different between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine groups. A lower percentage of males and a lower initial body mass index were associated with the greater effect of samidorphan in preventing olanzapine-induced weight gain. Current evidence is insufficient to support the use of samidorphan to prevent olanzapine-induced weight gain and olanzapine-induced cardiometabolic abnormalities. Samidorphan is well accepted by olanzapine-treated patients.

scholarly journals Managing Obesity in Lockdown: Survey of Health Behaviors and Telemedicine

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 1359
Author(s):  
Noga C Minsky ◽  
Dafna Pachter ◽  
Galia Zacay ◽  
Naama Chishlevitz ◽  
Miriam Ben-Hamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Health Behaviors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Eating Patterns ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Exercise Habits ◽  
Prevent Weight Gain ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

Since the outbreak of COVID-19, billions of people have gone into lockdown, facing pandemic related challenges that engender weight gain, especially in the obese. We report the results of an online survey, conducted during Israel’s first quarantine, of 279 adults treated in hospital-based obesity clinics with counseling, medications, surgery, endoscopic procedures, or any combination of these for weight loss. In this study, we assessed the association between changes in dietary and lifestyle habits and body weight, and the benefits of receiving weight management care remotely through telemedicine during lockdown. Compared to patients not receiving obesity care via telemedicine, patients receiving this care were more likely to lose weight (OR, 2.79; p = 0.042) and also to increase participation in exercise (OR, 2.4; p = 0.022). While 40% of respondents reported consuming more sweet or salty processed snacks and 33% reported less vegetables and fruits, 65% reported more homemade foods. At the same time, 40% of respondents reported a reduction in exercise and 52% reported a decline in mood. Alterations in these eating patterns, as well as in exercise habits and mood, were significantly associated with weight changes. This study highlights that lockdown affects health behaviors associated with weight change, and advocates for the use of telemedicine to provide ongoing obesity care during future quarantines in order to promote weight loss and prevent weight gain.

Association of Interleukin-13 SNP rs20541 (Arg>Gln) to allergic rhinitis in an Asian population of ethnic Chinese in Singapore

Gene ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 529 (2) ◽  
pp. 357-358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anand Kumar Andiappan ◽  
Olaf Rotzschke ◽  
De Yun Wang ◽  
Fook Tim Chew
Keyword(s):  
Allergic Rhinitis ◽  
Asian Population ◽  
Interleukin 13 ◽  
Ethnic Chinese

Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors and Weight Gain

1988 ◽  
Vol 22 (10) ◽  
pp. 755-759 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas G. Cantú ◽  
Joan S. Korek
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase ◽  
Tricyclic Antidepressants ◽  
Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Drug Induced ◽  
Relative Potential ◽  
Induce Weight Gain

Weight gain associated with antidepressant therapy is a common problem that often results in noncompliance. Some authors suggest that monoamine oxidase inhibitors (MAOI) are less likely to produce weight gain than tricyclic antidepressants. This paper addresses the relative potential for weight gain with the MAOI. Assessing the potential for antidepressant-induced weight gain necessitates separating the weight changes associated with alterations in mood disorders from those due to drug-induced alterations in appetite control. The mechanisms of appetite control are reviewed briefly followed by proposed mechanisms by which the MAOI may alter this control. A literature review suggests that phenelzine is the MAOI most likely to induce weight gain; reports of isocarboxazid-induced weight gain are less common. There are no cases of tranylcypromine-induced weight gain in the literature that are clearly associated with the drug. The MAOI probably have different effects on the mechanisms of appetite control.

scholarly journals Older Workers and Occupational Identity in the Telecommunications Industry: Navigating Employment Transitions through the Life Course

2018 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-55 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert MacKenzie ◽  
Abigail Marks
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Collective Identity ◽  
Older Workers ◽  
Telecommunications Industry ◽  
Occupational Identity ◽  
Alternative Employment ◽  
Employment Transitions ◽  
Occupational Community ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
The Life Course

The article examines the relationship between restructuring and work-based identity among older workers, exploring occupational identity, occupational community and their roles in navigating transitions in the life course. Based on working-life biographical interviews with late career and retired telecoms engineers, the article explores the role of occupational identity in dealing with change prior to and following the end of careers at BT, the UK’s national telecommunications provider. Restructuring and perpetual organizational change undermined key aspects of the engineering occupational identity, inspiring many to seek alternative employment outside BT. For older workers, some seeking bridge employment in the transition to retirement, the occupational community not only served as a mechanism for finding work but also provided a sustained collective identity resource. Distinctively, the research points to a dialectical relationship between occupational identity and the navigation of change as opposed to the former simply facilitating the latter.

Growth and seasonal weight changes as they relate to spring and autumn set points in mule deer

1991 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 744-747 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lyle A. Renecker ◽  
W. M. Samuel
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Mule Deer ◽  
Odocoileus Hemionus ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Annual Cycles ◽  
Body Weights ◽  
Compensatory Gain ◽  
Highly Correlated

Growth rate and potential, 25 hand-reared mule deer (Odocoileus hemionus hemionus) were examined. When possible, body weights of all animals were recorded weekly. Female deer matured faster than males, but males attained a larger body size. Regressions of winter weight loss of both sexes on peak autumn weight were highly correlated. Similarly, spring and summer compensatory gain in females could be predicted from the minimum spring weight. Annual cycles of intake and weight gain may have adaptations that improve reproductive success and winter survival.

scholarly journals Effects of Different Integrase Inhibitors on Body Weight in Patients with HIV/AIDS: A Network Meta-Analysis

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruojing Bai ◽  
Shiyun Lv ◽  
Hao Wu ◽  
Lili Dai
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Gain ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Biomedical Literature ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Aids Patients ◽  
First Choice ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hiv Aids

Abstract Background: Global antiretroviral therapy has entered the era of integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI). Because INSTIs have the advantages of high antiviral efficacy, rapid virus inhibition, and good tolerance, they have become the first choice in international acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) treatment guidelines. However, they may also increase the risk of obesity. There are differences in the effects of different INSTIs on weight gain in Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection / AIDS patients, but there is no evidence-based medical evidence. This study aimed to assess the effect of different INSTIs on body weight in HIV/AIDS patients.Methods: PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM), China Science and Technology Journal Database, and Wanfang databases were searched by computer to screen the relevant literature on INSTI treatment of HIV/AIDS patients, extract the data on weight changes in the literature, and perform network meta-analysis using Stata16.0 software.Results: Eight articles reported weight changes in HIV/AIDS patients, and weight gain was higher after treatment with dolutegravir (DTG) than with elvitegravir (EVG) in HIV/AIDS patients, and the difference was statistically significant [MD = 1.13, (0.18, 2.07)]. The network meta-analysis's consistency test results showed no overall and local inconsistency, and there was no significant difference in the results of the direct and indirect comparison (P > 0.05). The rank order of probability was DTG (79.2%) > Bictegravir (BIC) (77.9%) > Raltegravir (RAL) (33.2%) > EVG (9.7%), suggesting that DTG may be the INSTI drug that causes the most significant weight gain in HIV/AIDS patients.Conclusion: According to the literature data analysis, among the existing INSTIs, DTG may be the drug that causes the highest weight gain in HIV/AIDS patients, followed by BIC.

scholarly journals Understanding recurrent care proceedings: Competing risks of how mothers and fathers enter subsequent care proceedings in England

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Stuart Bedston ◽  
Yang Hu ◽  
Georgia Philip ◽  
Lindsay Youansamouth ◽  
Marian Brandon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Competing Risks ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Family Relations ◽  
Family Court ◽  
Mothers And Fathers ◽  
Social Work Research ◽  
Lone Parent ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
The Life Course

BackgroundDespite progress in understanding mothers' (re)appearances within family justice, fathers have not yet received due attention in research on recurrent care proceedings. Aims Compare parents' gendered risks of entering subsequent care proceedings; Map family relations underpinning recurrent care proceedings; Investigate the role of family members' life course characteristics (e.g. age, number of children) in shaping the risk of returning to court. MethodsAnalysis drew on 2007/08-2017/18 administrative records from the Child and Family Court Advisory and Support Services (Cafcass) in England. From a sample of recurrent parents (N = 24,460), a latent class analysis established profiles of who they returned with. A competing risks analysis of all parents (N = 165,550) modelled the risk of returning into each profile given index characteristics. ResultsOverall rate of return for mothers was 1.7 times that of fathers: 22% after 5 years, compared to 13% for fathers, and 29% and 17% after 10 years, respectively. Five distinct profiles of recurrent parents were established: 'recurrent family', 'recurrent couple', 're-partnered couple', 'complex recurrence', and 'lone parent'. The vast majority of fathers who entered subsequent proceedings did so as either a part of a recurrent family (41%) or recurrent couple (36%). However, these two profiles represented a much smaller proportion (25% and 19%, respectively) of all recurrent mothers, while the remainder returned with either a new partner or as a lone parent (49%), both with a new child. Complex recurrence represented a small proportion for both mothers and fathers (7% and 11%, respectively). The risk of each of these profiles is characterised by the distinct life course positions of the parent. ConclusionThe results underscore the value of a relational approach and understanding a parent's position within the life course in social work research towards building a fuller picture of recurrence.

Abstract P668: Clinically Meaningful Weight Gain Before Menopause and Risk of Stroke

Stroke ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (Suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria D Zambrano Espinoza ◽  
Emma Kersey ◽  
Amelia K Boehme ◽  
Joshua Willey ◽  
Eliza C Miller
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
Weight Change ◽  
Stroke Risk ◽  
Cox Regression ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Weight Changes ◽  
Younger Women ◽  
Hazard Ratios ◽  
History Of ◽  
Using Data

Background: Obesity is an independent risk factor for stroke. Weight gain has been associated with a higher risk of cardiovascular diseases in postmenopausal women. It is unclear, however, if weight changes before menopause have similar effects. We hypothesized that clinically meaningful premenopausal weight gain, defined as Body Mass Index (BMI) change >5%, would be associated with a higher stroke risk later in life. Methods: Using data from the California Teachers Study, we identified women aged < 55 with no history of stroke. We used weight changes between 1995-2006 as proxy for premenopausal weight gain. We defined weight change as modest or moderate using BMI changes of 5-10% and >10% respectively. Stroke outcomes were obtained from linkage to California hospitalization records. We used Cox regression models to calculate hazard ratios with 95% confidence intervals for the association of weight change and future stroke, adjusting for vascular risk factors. Results: Of 17,295 women included in the study, 113 had a stroke. In comparison to women who maintained a stable weight, women with moderate weight gain during premenopausal years had 2.0 times the risk of stroke. In the adjusted analysis, women with moderate weight gain had 89.6% higher risk of stroke, compared to the reference group. We found no significant association with stroke in women who had modest weight changes. Conclusion: Moderate premenopausal weight gain significantly increased stroke risk in women. Younger women should be educated about the effects of weight gain on future brain health. Count: 1836/1950

Disability and the Transition to Adulthood in the United States

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony R. Bardo ◽  
Ashley Vowels
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Emerging Adults ◽  
Transition To Adulthood ◽  
Independent Living ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
The United States ◽  
Life Transitions ◽  
Major Life ◽  
Cumulative Inequality ◽  
The Life Course

This chapter provides a synthesis of the literature on the transition to adulthood among emerging adults with a disability in the United States. The life course paradigm was used to frame the discussion in the context of demographic trends and contemporary circumstances regarding major life transitions in the areas of education, employment, independent living, and sex, marriage, and parenthood. A critical assessment of the current state of the literature from a social versus medical model of disability in these central life domains provides a foundation from which sociologists can explore processes of cumulative inequality embedded in the relatively uncharted lives of transition-age youth with a disability.

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