A meta-analysis comparing short-term weight and cardiometabolic changes between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine

AbstractThis study compared weight and cardiometabolic changes after short-term treatment of olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine. Eligible criteria for an included trial were ≤ 24 weeks, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that compared olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine treatments in patients/healthy volunteers and reported weight or cardiometabolic outcomes. Three databases were searched on October 31, 2020. Primary outcomes included weight changes and all-cause dropout rates. Standardized mean differences (SMDs) and risk ratios (RRs) were computed and pooled using a random-effect model. This meta-analysis included four RCTs (n = 1195). The heterogeneous data revealed that weight changes were not significantly different between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine groups (4 RCTs, SDM = − 0.19, 95% CI − 0.45 to 0.07, I2 = 75%). The whole-sample, pooled RR of all-cause dropout rates (4 RCTs, RR = 1.02, 95% CI 0.84 to 1.23, I2 = 0%) was not significant different between olanzapine/samidorphan and olanzapine groups. A lower percentage of males and a lower initial body mass index were associated with the greater effect of samidorphan in preventing olanzapine-induced weight gain. Current evidence is insufficient to support the use of samidorphan to prevent olanzapine-induced weight gain and olanzapine-induced cardiometabolic abnormalities. Samidorphan is well accepted by olanzapine-treated patients.

Download Full-text

Association Between Prediabetes and Retinopathy: A Meta-Analysis

Hormone and Metabolic Research ◽

10.1055/a-1678-7092 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 53 (12) ◽

pp. 801-809

Author(s):

Ji Jin ◽

Peirong Lu

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Microvascular Complications ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Community Dwelling ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Study Heterogeneity ◽

Study Characteristics

AbstractDiabetes confers an increased risk of microvascular complications, including retinopathy. However, whether prediabetes is also related to retinopathy has not been comprehensively examined. We performed a meta-analysis to evaluate the relationship between prediabetes and retinopathy. This meta-analysis included relevant observational studies from Medline, Embase, and Web of Science databases. A random-effect model after incorporation of the intra-study heterogeneity was selected to pool the results. Subgroup analyses were applied to evaluate the influences of study characteristics on relationship. Nine cross-sectional studies including 14 751 community dwelling adult participants were included; 3847 (26.1%) of them were prediabetic. Results showed that prediabetes was associated with a higher prevalence of retinopathy compared to normoglycemia [odds ratio (OR): 1.55, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.10–2.20, p=0.01, I2=34%]. Sensitivity analysis by excluding one study at a time showed consistent result (OR: 1.35 to 1.73, p all<0.05). Subgroup analysis showed study characteristics such as definition of prediabetes, country of study, sample size, mean age of participants, or univariate or multivariate analyses may not significantly affect the association (p for subgroup difference all>0.05). Current evidence suggests that patients with prediabetes may be associated with higher prevalence of retinopathy as compared to those with normoglycemia. Although prospective cohort studies are needed to validate these findings, results of our meta-analysis highlighted the importance of early prevention of retinopathy in patients with prediabetes.

Download Full-text

Meta-Analysis of the Related Nutritional Supplements Dimethyl Sulfoxide and Methylsulfonylmethane in the Treatment of Osteoarthritis of the Knee

Evidence-based Complementary and Alternative Medicine ◽

10.1093/ecam/nep045 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 2011 ◽

pp. 1-12 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sarah Brien ◽

Phil Prescott ◽

George Lewith

Keyword(s):

Meta Analysis ◽

Symptomatic Relief ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Nutritional Supplements ◽

Significant Degree ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Osteoarthritis Of The Knee ◽

Clinical Trial Registries ◽

Reduction Of Pain

Dimethyl sulphoxide and methylsulfonylmethane are two related nutritional supplements used for symptomatic relief of osteoarthritis (OA). We conducted a meta-analysis to evaluate their efficacy in reducing pain associated with OA. Randomized or quasi-randomized controlled trials (RCTs), identified by systematic electronic searches, citation tracking and searches of clinical trial registries, assessing these supplements in osteoarthritis of any joint were considered for inclusion. Meta-analysis, based on difference in mean pain related outcomes between treatment and comparator groups, was carried out based on a random effect model. Seven potential trials were identified of which three RCTs, two DMSO and one MSM (totalN=326patients) were eligible for inclusion. All three trials were considered high methodological quality. A significant degree of heterogeneity (χ2=6.28,P=.043) was revealed. Two studies demonstrated statistically significant (but not clinically relevant) reduction in pain compared with controls; with one showing no group difference. The meta-analysis confirmed a non significant reduction of pain on visual analogue scale of 6.34 mm (SE = 3.49, 95% CI, −0.49, 13.17). The overall effect size of 1.82 was neither statistically nor clinically significant. Current evidence suggests DMSO and MSM are not clinically effective in the reduction of pain in the treatment of OA. No definitive conclusions can currently be drawn from the data due to the mixed findings and the use of inadequate dosing periods.

Download Full-text

Robot-Assisted versus Conventional Open Kidney Transplantation: A Meta-Analysis

BioMed Research International ◽

10.1155/2020/2358028 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 2020 ◽

pp. 1-11

Author(s):

Guangxiang Liu ◽

Yongming Deng ◽

Shenjie Zhang ◽

Tingshen Lin ◽

Hongqian Guo

Keyword(s):

Kidney Transplant ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Graft Function ◽

Length Of Hospital Stay ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Robot Assisted

Background. Perioperative and follow-up outcomes for patients that received robot-assisted kidney transplant (RAKT), compared to patients that received conventional open kidney transplant (OKT), remain unknown. We performed a meta-analysis of controlled studies to compare the safety and efficacy of RAKT versus OKT. Methods. Systematic searching of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases was performed to identify relevant randomized or nonrandomized controlled studies. Perioperative, in-hospital, and follow-up outcomes were summarized. A random-effect model incorporating the potential heterogeneity was used to synthesize the results. Results. Six nonrandomized controlled studies including 263 patients with RAKT and 804 patients with OKT were included. Pooled results showed that compared to those that received OKT, patients that received RAKT had significant higher rewarming time (mean difference (MD): 20.8 min, p < 0.001 ) and total ischemia time (MD: 17.8 min, p = 0.008 ) but a lower incidence of surgical site infection (SSI, risk ratio (RR): 0.22, p = 0.03 ). The incidence of delayed graft function was comparable between groups (RR: 1.10, p = 0.82 ), and the length of hospital stay was similar (MD: -2.03 days, p = 0.21 ). During a follow-up of 31 months, patients that received RAKT and OKT had similar serum creatinine levels (MD: 10.12 mmol/L, p = 0.42 ) and similar incidences of graft rejection (RR: 1.16, p = 0.53 ), graft failure (RR: 0.94, p = 0.79 ), and all-cause mortality (RR: 1.16, p = 0.77 ). Conclusion. Current evidence from nonrandomized studies suggests that RAKT is associated with a lower risk of SSI and similar midterm functional and clinical efficacy compared to OKT. Randomized studies are needed to validate these findings.

Download Full-text

Aspirin Use and Mortality in Women With Ovarian Cancer: A Meta-Analysis

Frontiers in Oncology ◽

10.3389/fonc.2020.575831 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 ◽

Author(s):

Xiaxia Man ◽

Baogang Wang ◽

Yuying Tan ◽

Xiaolin Yang ◽

Songling Zhang

Keyword(s):

Ovarian Cancer ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Adjusted Risk ◽

Clinical Stages ◽

Study Characteristics ◽

Funnel Plots

BackgroundAspirin use has been suggested to reduce the incidence of ovarian cancer (OC) in women. However, previous studies regarding the association between aspirin use and mortality in women with OC showed inconsistent results. We aimed to evaluate the association between aspirin use and mortality in women with OC in a meta-analysis.MethodsRelevant cohort studies were obtained via search of PubMed, Cochrane’s Library, and Embase databases from inception to May 3, 2020. A random-effect model, which incorporates the potential heterogeneity among the included studies, was used to pool the results. Predefined stratified analyses were applied to evaluate the potential study characteristics on the outcome, including the timing of aspirin use, dose of aspirin, age of the women, and the clinical stages of the cancer. Sensitivity analysis by omitting one study at a time was used to assess the stability of the results.ResultsSix cohort studies including 17,981 women with OC were included. Pooled results showed that aspirin use had no statistically significant association with mortality in these patients (adjusted risk ratio [RR]: 0.85, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.70 to 1.02, p = 0.08; I2 = 69%). The results were similar for OC-specific mortality (RR: 0.85, 95% CI: 0.57 to 1.26, p = 0.41) and all-cause mortality (RR: 0.78, 95% CI: 0.55 to 1.11, p = 0.17). Stratified analyses suggested that aspirin use had no statistically significant association with mortality risk in OC regardless the timing of aspirin use, dose of aspirin, age of the women, or the clinical stages of the cancer. Funnel plots suggested potential risk of publication bias (p all > 0.05). However, further “trim-and-fill” analysis incorporating hypothesized unpolished studies to achieve symmetrical funnel plots showed similar results of the meta-analysis (RR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.74 to 1.13, p = 0.39).ConclusionsCurrent evidence from observational studies indicated that aspirin use had no statistically significant association with mortality in women with OC.

Download Full-text

Metabolic syndrome and the incidence of lung cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome ◽

10.1186/s13098-020-00598-0 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Li Qiao ◽

Deliang Ma ◽

Hui Lv ◽

Ding Shi ◽

Min Fei ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Lung Cancer ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Smoking Status ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Effect Model ◽

Meta Analyses

Abstract Background Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been related to the pathogenesis of variety categories of cancers. This meta-analysis aimed to determine the association between MetS and the incidence of lung cancer. Methods Relevant cohort studies were identified by search of PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane’s Library databases. Cochrane’s Q test and I2 statistic were used to analyze the heterogeneity. Random-effect model which incorporates the potential heterogeneity was used for the meta-analysis. Results Five cohort studies with 188,970 participants were included. A total of 1,295 lung cancer cases occurred during follow-up. Meta-analyses showed that neither MetS defined by the revised NCEP-ATP III criteria (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.94, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.84 to 1.05, p = 0.25; I2 = 0) nor the IDF criteria (HR: 0.82, 95% CI: 0.61 to 1.11, p = 0.20; I2 = 0) was associated with an affected risk of lung cancer. Subgroup analyses showed consistent results in women and in men, in studies performed in Asian and non-Asian countries, and in prospective and retrospective cohorts (p all > 0.05). Meta-analysis limited to studies with the adjustment of smoking status also showed similar results (HR: 0.91, 95% CI: 0.80 to 1.05, p = 0.21; I2 = 0). No publication bias was detected based on the Egger regression test (p = 0.32). Conclusions Current evidence from cohort studies does not support that MetS is an independent risk factor for the incidence of lung cancer.

Download Full-text

Association between metabolic syndrome and the incidence of gastric cancer: a meta-analysis of cohort studies

Diabetology & Metabolic Syndrome ◽

10.1186/s13098-019-0478-y ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Zhibin Li ◽

Hongfeng Han ◽

Yuan Chang

Keyword(s):

Gastric Cancer ◽

Metabolic Syndrome ◽

Cohort Studies ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

International Diabetes Federation ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Effect Model ◽

Subgroup Analyses

Abstract Background Previous studies investigating the association between metabolic syndrome (MetS) and incidence of gastric cancer (GC) showed inconsistent results. The aim of the study was to evaluate the influence of MetS on GC risk in a meta-analysis. Methods Cohort studies that evaluating the association between MetS and GC were identified via systematic search of PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and Scopus databases. Pooled analyses were performed via a random-effect model or a fixed effect model according to the heterogeneity among the studies. Predefined subgroup analyses were performed to evaluate whether gender or ethnic group of the patients affected the results. Results Overall, eight cohort studies with 8,745,671 participants were included, and 37,245 GC cases occurred during follow-up. Results showed that MetS defined by the revised National Cholesterol Education Program’s Adults Treatment Panel III criteria was not associated with a significantly affected GC risk (adjusted risk ratio [RR]: 1.03, p = 0.59; I2 = 79%). Subgroup analyses showed that MetS was not associated with a significantly affected risk of GC in male or female patients, and in Asians or Caucasians. Moreover, meta-analysis of four datasets showed that MetS defined by the International Diabetes Federation criteria was also not associated with a significant affected risk of GC (adjusted RR: 0.80, p = 0.05; I2 = 0%). Conclusions These results indicated that current evidence from epidemiological studies does not support that patients with MetS are at higher risk for the development of GC.

Download Full-text

Efficacy and safety of apatinib in the treatment of osteosarcoma: a single-arm meta-analysis among Chinese patients

BMC Cancer ◽

10.1186/s12885-021-08154-3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Hui Yao ◽

Xuyu Chen ◽

Xiaodong Tan

Keyword(s):

Tyrosine Kinase ◽

Kinase Inhibitor ◽

Remission Rate ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Chinese Patients ◽

Current Evidence ◽

Cochrane Library ◽

Effect Model

Abstract Background Osteosarcoma is a relatively rare malignant tumor with a high incidence in young people. The development of tyrosine kinase inhibitors has brought the treatment of osteosarcoma into a new stage. Apatinib, a tyrosine kinase inhibitor specifically targeting VEGFR2, has been increasingly reported as a treatment for osteosarcoma with promising outcome parameters, but there has been no systematic analysis of the treatment of osteosarcoma by apatinib. Methods A single-arm meta-analysis was performed, and published literature from PubMed, Web of Science, Embase, Cochrane Library, CNKI and Wan Fang databases as of March 1, 2021 was systematically retrieved. Quality assessment is carried out in accordance with a 20 item checklist form prepared by the Institute of Health Economics (IHE). Double arcsine transformation is performed to stabilize the variance of the original ratio. When I2 > 50%, the random effect model is used to calculate the pooled parameters; otherwise, the fixed effect model is used. We conducted subgroup analysis according to age and apatinib dose. Results This meta-analysis included 11 studies of 356 Chinese patients with osteosarcoma. The pooled objective remission rate (ORR) of advanced or metastatic osteosarcoma treated by oral apatinib in Chinese patients was 0.27(95%CI = 0.18–0.38). The pooled disease control rate (DCR) was 0.57 (95%CI = 0.42–0.72). The pooled median progression-free survival (mPFS) and median total survival (mOS) were 5.18 months (95%CI = 4.03–6.33) and 10.87 months (95% CI = 9.40–12.33), respectively. More than 70% of adverse reactions were mild, the most common adverse reaction was hand-foot syndrome (HFMD), with an incidence of 0.46 (95%CI = 0.35–0.58), the second was hypertension, with an incidence of 0.40 (95%CI = 0.29–0.51). Conclusions The efficacy of apatinib in the treatment of osteosarcoma is competitive with current evidence, and it is worth noting that its low cost can significantly improve patient compliance and increase therapeutic value.

Download Full-text

A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Short-Term Ambient Ozone Exposure and COPD Hospitalizations

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph17062130 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 17 (6) ◽

pp. 2130

Author(s):

Hui Gao ◽

Kan Wang ◽

William W. Au ◽

Wensui Zhao ◽

Zhao-lin Xia

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Ozone Exposure ◽

Short Term ◽

Ambient Ozone ◽

Ambient Level ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Subgroup Analyses

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the third leading cause of death globally and ozone exposure is a main cause of its disease burden. However, studies on COPD hospitalizations from short-term ambient level ozone exposure have not generated consensus results. To address the knowledge gap, comprehensive and systematic searches in several databases were conducted using specific keywords for publications up to February 14, 2020. Random-effect models were used to derive overall excess risk estimates between short-term ambient-level ozone exposure and COPD hospitalizations. The influence analyses were used to test the robustness of the results. Both meta-regression and subgroup analyses were used to explore the sources of heterogeneity and potential modifying factors. Based on the results from 26 eligible studies, the random-effect model analyses show that a 10 µg/m3 increase in maximum 8-h ozone concentration was associated with 0.84% (95% CI: 0.09%, 1.59%) higher COPD hospitalizations. The estimates were higher for warm season and multiple-day lag but lower for old populations. Results from subgroup analyses also indicate a multiple-day lag trend and bigger significant health effects during longer day intervals. Although characteristics of individual studies added modest heterogeneity to the overall estimates, the results remained robust during further analyses and exhibited no evidence of publication bias. Our systematic review and meta-analysis indicate that short-term ambient level ozone exposure was associated with increased risk of COPD hospitalizations. The significant association with multiple-day lag trend indicates that a multiple-day exposure metric should be considered for establishing ambient ozone quality and exposure standards for improvement of population health. Future investigations and meta-analysis studies should include clinical studies as well as more careful lag selection protocol.

Download Full-text

Association between breast milk adipokines with growth in breast feeding infants, a systematic review and meta-analysis

Turkish Journal of Biochemistry ◽

10.1515/tjb-2020-0178 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Maryam Soori ◽

Younes Mohammadi ◽

Mohammad Taghi Goodarzi ◽

Minoo Mahmoodi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Breast Milk ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Random Effect Model ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Effect Model ◽

Review Study ◽

Significant Publication Bias

AbstractObjectivesBreast milk adipokines are associated with growth, body mass index (BMI) and weight gain in infants. In this study, the effect of breastmilk adipokines (leptin and adiponectin) on the BMI and weight gain of breast-fed infants was evaluated using systematic review and meta-analysis.Materials and methodsWe used PRISMA checklist for carrying out this study. 752 articles were collected from the database searching and other sources from 1994 to April 2019. According to the criteria in the study, 25 articles remained for evaluation. Eight papers were related to the effect of breast milk leptin on weight gain and BMI of infants that were evaluated by meta-analyzing. The adiponectin articles were surveyed by systematic review.ResultsThere was no significant publication bias in the meta-analysis study. The results of random-effect model indicated a reverse and significant correlation between breastmilk leptin with weight gain and BMI (r=−0.331). The adiponectin level in breast milk was associated with the BMI and weight gain of infants.ConclusionsMeta-analysis indicated a significant inverse correlation between breastmilk leptin with weight gain and BMI in infants; furthermore, the systematic review study expressed significant correlation between breast milk adiponectin with growth (BMI and weight gain) in infants.

Download Full-text

Weight Gain After Thyroidectomy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism ◽

10.1210/clinem/dgaa754 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 106 (1) ◽

pp. 282-291 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Christine N Huynh ◽

Janina V Pearce ◽

Le Kang ◽

Francesco S Celi

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Weight Gain ◽

Weight Change ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Random Effect ◽

Treatment Modalities ◽

Weight Changes ◽

Indication For Surgery ◽

Subgroup Analyses

Abstract Context Weight gain is a major driver of dissatisfaction and decreased quality of life in patients with hypothyroidism. Data on the changes in body weight following thyroidectomy are conflicting. Objective To perform a systematic review of the literature and a meta-analysis of weight changes following total thyroidectomy. Data Sources Literature search on PubMed. Study Selection Studies in English published between September 1998 and May 2018 reporting post-thyroidectomy weight changes. Data extraction Data were reviewed and compared by 3 investigators; discrepancies were resolved by consensus. Meta-analyses were performed using fixed and random effect models. Univariable and multivariable meta-regression models for weight change were implemented against study follow-up, gender, and age. Exploratory subgroup analyses were performed for indication for surgery. Data Synthesis Seventeen studies (3164 patients) with 23.8 ± 23.6 months follow-up were included. Severe heterogeneity across studies was observed. Using a random effect model, the estimated overall weight change was a gain of 2.13 kg, 95% confidence interval (CI; 0.95, 3.30). Age was negatively associated with weight change (β = -0.238, P < 0.001). In subgroup analyses, weight gain was more evident in patients undergoing thyroidectomy for hyperthyroidism: 5.19 kg, 95% CI (3.21, 7.17) vs goiter or malignancy 1.55 kg, 95% CI (0.82, 2.27) and 1.30 kg, 95% CI (0.45, 2.15), respectively. Conclusions Patients undergoing thyroidectomy experience possible mild weight gain, particularly younger individuals and those with hyperthyroidism as the indication for surgery. Prospective studies directed to assess the pathophysiology of weight gain post-thyroidectomy, and to test novel treatment modalities, are needed to better characterize post-thyroidectomy weight changes.

Download Full-text