scholarly journals Simulating Uneven Urban Spatial Expansion under Various Land Protection Strategies: Case Study on Southern Jiangsu Urban Agglomeration

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pingxing Li ◽  
Hui Cao
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Land Protection ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Protection Strategies ◽  
Southern Jiangsu ◽  
Mcr Model

Urban spatial expansion (USE) is an uneven process affected by both natural and human factors, and land use regulation policy is of significance. To indicate the potential effects of different policies at a regional scale and then improving them under the context of increasing emphasis on land protection, we take Southern Jiangsu Urban Agglomeration (SJUA) in eastern China as a case study. Based on USE simulation with a minimum cumulative resistance (MCR) model under four scenarios related with arable and ecological land protection, we analyze the spatial differentiation of newly added urban construction lands and examine the changes of urban system with fractal analysis. Results indicate the allocations of newly added urban construction land differs by scenarios as well as total expanding amounts, and larger cities tend to grow faster. The share of the four largest cities (Suzhou, Nanjing(S), Wuxi, and Changzhou) were mostly higher than 40%. Accordingly, the final area of all cities was linearly corrected with their extant sizes in 2010. However, the differentiated allocations of newly added urban lands related to both increasing expanding amounts and different scenarios caused differences in the said linear relationships and also influenced urban rank-size in different degrees. It is concluded that the MCR model is feasible for simulating regional scale urban expansion and land protection strategies do not induce dramatic changes to the basic structures of regional urban system, but they are slightly different as land protection strategies change. The spatial distribution of protected lands affect the differentiation of both the predicted expanding amount of different cities and the regional urban systems significantly. It is of importance to optimize the spatial distribution of protected lands to regulate regional scale USE patterns and also urban systems properly.

scholarly journals Potential accessibility models and planning policy design in Romania: Are the fixed model’s parameters leading to wrong interpretations?

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 125-142
Author(s):  
Alexandru Rusu ◽  
Octavian Groza ◽  
Radu Necșuliu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Planning ◽  
Policy Design ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Small Cities ◽  
Variable Parameters ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Different Types

This paper explores the differences between two different types of potential accessibility models applied to the urban system of Romania, using demographic data from 2015. The first model is based on a classical formalization of the potential accessibility function, while the second one focuses on the introduction of variable parameters in the model’s equation. When mapping the results, one will found that the models we investigated respond to different needs and visions in spatial planning. The alternative formalization provides a frame for a more in-depth analysis of the transportation endowment, at regional scale, together with an assessment of the urban systems hierarchy. The study highlights the fragility of the local urban systems gravitating around small cities, placed in precarious accessibility situations. The results can be used for a better assessment of the policy priorities, both from the perspective of spatial planning and sustainable development.

Are the absent always wrong? Dealing with zero values in urban scaling

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (9) ◽  
pp. 1663-1677 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olivier Finance ◽  
Clémentine Cottineau
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Investment ◽  
Scaling Laws ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Ordinary Least Squares ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Zero Values ◽  
Urban Scaling ◽  
Definition Of

Both theoretical and empirical studies have shown the ability of scaling laws to reveal processes of emergence in urban systems. Nevertheless, a controversy about the robustness of results obtained with these models on empirical cases remains, regarding for instance the definition of the ‘city’ considered or the way the estimations are performed. Another source of bias is highlighted in this contribution, with respect to the non-ubiquitous character of some urban attributes (i.e. their partial absence from several cities of the system). The problem with the zero count for cities where these attributes are absent is that the technical necessities of usual estimation procedures make the analysis ignore them altogether even when they represent some valid information. This could seriously impact the results. A precise exploration of the effects of this arbitrary filtering is conducted here, and several solutions are proposed to overcome this limitation. In a case study about foreign investment towards French cities, we show that some erroneous conclusions about a hierarchical diffusion could be drawn when adopting the classical ordinary least squares approach. The framework we suggest specifies how it is possible to avoid misinterpretations deriving from the exclusion of zero values by using methods of analysis which deal with zero values specifically. The conclusion of a diffusion of foreign investment in the French urban system is then rejected.

The Food-Energy-Water Nexus, Regional Sustainability, and Hydraulic Fracturing: An Integrated Assessment of the Denver Region

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sonya Ahamed ◽  
Joshua Sperling ◽  
Gillian Galford ◽  
Jennie C. Stephens ◽  
Douglas Arent
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Integrated Assessment ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
The United States ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Agricultural Activity ◽  
Horizontal Drilling ◽  
Food Energy

Intersections of food, energy, and water systems (also termed as the FEW nexus) pose many sustainability and governance challenges for urban areas, including risks to ecosystems, inequitable distribution of benefits and harms across populations, and reliance on distant sources for food, energy, and water. This case study provides an integrated assessment of the FEW nexus at the city and regional scale in ten contiguous counties encompassing the rapidly growing Denver region in the United States. Spatial patterns in FEW consumption, production, trans-boundary flows, embodied FEW inputs, and impacts on FEW systems were assessed using an urban systems framework for the trans-boundary food-energy-water nexus. The Denver region is an instructive case study of the FEW nexus for multiple reasons: it is rapidly growing, is semi-arid, faces a large projected water shortfall, and is a major fossil fuel and agricultural producer. The rapid uptake of high-volume hydraulic fracturing (HVHF) combined with horizontal drilling in populated areas poses ongoing risks to regional water quality. Through this case study, fracking is identified as a major topic for FEW nexus inquiry, with intensifying impacts on water quantity and quality that reflect nationwide trends. Key data gaps are also identified, including energy for water use and food preparation. This case study is relevant to water and sustainability planners, energy regulators, communities impacted by hydraulic fracturing, and consumers of energy and food produced in the Denver region. It is applicable beyond Denver to dry areas with growing populations, agricultural activity, and the potential for shale development.

scholarly journals Unbalanced Development Characteristics and Driving Mechanisms of Regional Urban Spatial form: A Case Study of Jiangsu Province, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3121
Author(s):  
Guoping Xiong ◽  
Xin Cao ◽  
Nicholas A. S. Hamm ◽  
Tao Lin ◽  
Guoqin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Regional Development ◽  
Driving Factors ◽  
Spatial Expansion ◽  
Spatial Form ◽  
Coordinated Development ◽  
Urbanization Level ◽  
Driving Mechanisms ◽  
Urbanization Development ◽  
Southern Jiangsu

Unbalanced regional development is widespread, and the imbalance of regional development in developing countries with rapid urbanization is increasingly apparent. This threatens the sustainable development of the region. Promoting the coordinated development of the region has become a hot spot of scientific research and a major practical need. Taking 99 counties of Jiangsu Province China, a typical coastal plain region, as the basic research unit, this paper explores the unbalanced development characteristics of the regional urban spatial form using three indicators: urban spatial expansion size, development intensity, and distribution aggregation degree. Then, their driving mechanisms were evaluated using spatial autocorrelation analysis, Pearson correlation analysis, linear regression, and geographically weighted regression. Our results found that the areas with larger urban spatial expansion size and development intensity were mainly concentrated in southern Jiangsu, where there was a positive spatial correlation between them. We found no agglomeration phenomenon in urban spatial distribution aggregation degree. From the perspective of driving factors: economics was the main driving factor of urban spatial expansion size; urbanization level and urbanization quality were the main driving factors of urban spatial development intensity. Natural landform and urbanization level are the main driving factors of urban spatial distribution aggregation degree. Finally, we discussed the optimization strategy of regional coordinated development. The quality of urbanization development and regional integration should be promoted in Southern Jiangsu. The level of urbanization development should be improved relying on rapid transportation to develop along the axis in central Jiangsu. The economic size should be increased, focusing on the expansion of the urban agglomeration in northern Jiangsu. This study will enrich the perspective of research on the characteristics and mechanisms of regional urban spatial imbalance, and helps to optimize and regulate the imbalance of regional urban development from multiple perspectives.

scholarly journals Health in cities: Getting out and about as we age

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
T Ma ◽  
R Ivers ◽  
E de Leeuw ◽  
K Clapham ◽  
C Kobel
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Policy Making ◽  
Urban System ◽  
Transportation Systems ◽  
Social Contexts ◽  
Urban Systems ◽  
Activity Levels ◽  
The Public ◽  
Housing Developments ◽  
Health Community

Abstract Transportation influences health through its effects on people's access to goods, services, and life chance opportunities; social interactions; physical activity levels; air pollution exposures; and road injury risks. Given the ageing of populations, it is essential that decisions about land use and transportation systems are appropriate to meet the mobility needs of older people and support healthy ageing. Not all transportation options, however, may be accessible to older people. Factors that affect accessibility relate to the spatial and physical characteristics of places, personal and social contexts of individuals, and rules and norms underpinning planning and policy making. This research aimed to understand how different parts and processes of urban systems interact to influence transportation options for older people. Using the Greater Sydney area as a case, we drew on key informant interviews and public policy documents to identify the considerations that inform planning and policy making as they pertain to the nature of cities and the opportunities of older people to get out and about. We compared and integrated these findings with peer-reviewed literature of similar urban growth areas. Our analysis mapped the factors of the human-urban system that are central to enabling transportation mobility for older people, articulated their interrelationships, and identified the actors that influence them. Our results point to the involvement of actors from the public health, community development, transportation, and urban planning sectors at multiple levels of government. Each of these actors operate within their own remit to influence a part of the urban system relevant to older people's transportation, such as the zoning of land, the approval of housing developments, and the location of bus stops. However, these individual actions are constrained by others in the system. We interpret this complexity with a governance lens. Key messages Efforts to promote mobility in old age should move beyond ‘single solutions to single issues’ approaches toward those that reflect the complexity of cities and the ways that people move within them. For sustained realization of desired outcomes, age-friendly initiatives cannot occur in isolation, but rather must take into account the behaviours and dynamics of the urban system.

Farmland heavy metals can migrate to deep soil at a regional scale: A case study on a wastewater-irrigated area in China

2021 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 116977
Author(s):  
Shushen Yang ◽  
Wenzhao Feng ◽  
Shiqin Wang ◽  
Liang Chen ◽  
Xin Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metals ◽  
Regional Scale ◽  
Deep Soil ◽  
Irrigated Area

The Protection and Reuse of the Industrial Building Heritages in Historical City — The Case Study of Luoyang City

2012 ◽  
Vol 174-177 ◽  
pp. 2520-2523
Author(s):  
Yan Sun ◽  
Wen Cui
Keyword(s):  
Development Process ◽  
Industrial Building ◽  
Urban Construction ◽  
Protection And Utilization

By analyzing the formation and development of urban industry district and the industrial building heritages in Luoyang, this paper expounds the current problems and contradictions about the industrial building heritages protection and utilization in urban construction and development process. Aiming at these problems, some suggestions about the protection and reuse of industrial building heritages are put forward, in order to perserve and utilize them well.

scholarly journals Where and how to restore wetland by utilizing storm water at the regional scale: A case study of Fangshan, China

2021 ◽  
Vol 122 ◽  
pp. 107246
Author(s):  
Wenwen Li ◽  
Yuxin Jiang ◽  
Yihao Duan ◽  
Junhong Bai ◽  
Demin Zhou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regional Scale ◽  
Storm Water
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