scholarly journals Reduction of Circular Arcs in European Cadastral Systems—The Proposal of a Solution Referring to the Recommendations of the INSPIRE Data Specification on Cadastral Parcels

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariusz Zygmunt ◽  
Tadeusz Gargula ◽  
Przemysław Klapa
Keyword(s):  
European Commission ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Circular Arcs ◽  
Geometric Objects ◽  
Classic Approach ◽  
Target Effect ◽  
Data Specification ◽  
Cadastral Systems

Circular arcs are a graphical element present in the cadastral systems of many countries. Unfortunately, this type of record of the geometry of parcel borders is a problem described by the directives of Infrastructure for Spatial Information in Europe (INSPIRE) Data Specification on Cadastral Parcels. Because of the difficulties of using such geometric objects, the solution to this problem, as recommended by the European Commission, should be monitored. The target effect should be a cadastral data model based solely on linear segments. Solutions based on a classic approach of converting such data (like arcs), unfortunately, always involves changes of one of the most important attributes of a parcel—its area. The paper presents a proposal for solving this important problem using an algorithm, ensuring the preservation of the area of the parcels after converting the arcs into linear segments. Moreover, attention was paid to the technical aspects of the proposed changes.

Organisational aspects of spatial information infrastructure in Poland

2013 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elzbieta Bielecka ◽  
Agnieszka Zwirowicz-Rutkowska
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Information ◽  
Information Infrastructure ◽  
Class Diagram ◽  
Use Case ◽  
Legal Regulations ◽  
Organisational Structure ◽  
Technical Aspects ◽  
Polish Law

Abstract One of the more important elements of spatial information infrastructure is the organisational structure defining the obligations and dependencies between stakeholders that are responsible for the infrastructure. Many SDI practitioners and theoreticians emphasise that its influence on the success or failure of activities undertaken is significantly greater than that of technical aspects. Being aware of the role of the organisational structure in the creating, operating and maintenance of spatial information infrastructure (SII), Polish legislators placed appropriate regulations in the Spatial Information Infrastructure Act, being the transposition of the INSPIRE Directive into Polish Law. The principal spatial information infrastructure stakeholders are discussed in the article and also the scope of cooperation between them. The tasks and relationships between stakeholders are illustrated in UML, in both the use case and the class diagram. Mentioned also are the main problems and obstructions resulting from imprecise legal regulations.

scholarly journals Leveraging OSM and GEOBIA to Create and Update Forest Type Maps

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 499
Author(s):  
Melanie Brauchler ◽  
Johannes Stoffels
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Classification Accuracy ◽  
Sustainable Forest Management ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Forest Type ◽  
Information Source ◽  
Essential Element ◽  
Aerial Imagery ◽  
Leaf Type

Up-to-date information about the type and spatial distribution of forests is an essential element in both sustainable forest management and environmental monitoring and modelling. The OpenStreetMap (OSM) database contains vast amounts of spatial information on natural features, including forests (landuse=forest). The OSM data model includes describing tags for its contents, i.e., leaf type for forest areas (i.e., leaf_type=broadleaved). Although the leaf type tag is common, the vast majority of forest areas are tagged with the leaf type mixed, amounting to a total area of 87% of landuse=forests from the OSM database. These areas comprise an important information source to derive and update forest type maps. In order to leverage this information content, a methodology for stratification of leaf types inside these areas has been developed using image segmentation on aerial imagery and subsequent classification of leaf types. The presented methodology achieves an overall classification accuracy of 85% for the leaf types needleleaved and broadleaved in the selected forest areas. The resulting stratification demonstrates that through approaches, such as that presented, the derivation of forest type maps from OSM would be feasible with an extended and improved methodology. It also suggests an improved methodology might be able to provide updates of leaf type to the OSM database with contributor participation.

scholarly journals Towards an Underground Utilities 3D Data Model for Land Administration

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (17) ◽  
pp. 1957 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jingya Yan ◽  
Siow Jaw ◽  
Kean Soon ◽  
Andreas Wieser ◽  
Gerhard Schrotter
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Data ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Data Governance ◽  
Land Administration ◽  
3D Data ◽  
Underground Utilities ◽  
2D Data

With the pressure of the increasing density of urban areas, some public infrastructures are moving to the underground to free up space above, such as utility lines, rail lines and roads. In the big data era, the three-dimensional (3D) data can be beneficial to understand the complex urban area. Comparing to spatial data and information of the above ground, we lack the precise and detailed information about underground infrastructures, such as the spatial information of underground infrastructure, the ownership of underground objects and the interdependence of infrastructures in the above and below ground. How can we map reliable 3D underground utility networks and use them in the land administration? First, to explain the importance of this work and find a possible solution, this paper observes the current issues of the existing underground utility database in Singapore. A framework for utility data governance is proposed to manage the work process from the underground utility data capture to data usage. This is the backbone to support the coordination of different roles in the utility data governance and usage. Then, an initial design of the 3D underground utility data model is introduced to describe the 3D geometric and spatial information about underground utility data and connect it to the cadastral parcel for land administration. In the case study, the newly collected data from mobile Ground Penetrating Radar is integrated with the existing utility data for 3D modelling. It is expected to explore the integration of new collected 3D data, the existing 2D data and cadastral information for land administration of underground utilities.

scholarly journals Probabilistic calibration of a Greenland Ice Sheet model using spatially resolved synthetic observations: toward projections of ice mass loss with uncertainties

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (5) ◽  
pp. 1933-1943 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Chang ◽  
P. J. Applegate ◽  
M. Haran ◽  
K. Keller
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Sea Level Rise ◽  
Sea Level ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Full Range ◽  
Ice Sheet ◽  
Greenland Ice Sheet ◽  
Parametric Uncertainty ◽  
Model Parameters

Abstract. Computer models of ice sheet behavior are important tools for projecting future sea level rise. The simulated modern ice sheets generated by these models differ markedly as input parameters are varied. To ensure accurate ice sheet mass loss projections, these parameters must be constrained using observational data. Which model parameter combinations make sense, given observations? Our method assigns probabilities to parameter combinations based on how well the model reproduces the Greenland Ice Sheet profile. We improve on the previous state of the art by accounting for spatial information and by carefully sampling the full range of realistic parameter combinations, using statistically rigorous methods. Specifically, we estimate the joint posterior probability density function of model parameters using Gaussian process-based emulation and calibration. This method is an important step toward calibrated probabilistic projections of ice sheet contributions to sea level rise, in that it uses data–model fusion to learn about parameter values. This information can, in turn, be used to make projections while taking into account various sources of uncertainty, including parametric uncertainty, data–model discrepancy, and spatial correlation in the error structure. We demonstrate the utility of our method using a perfect model experiment, which shows that many different parameter combinations can generate similar modern ice sheet profiles. This result suggests that the large divergence of projections from different ice sheet models is partly due to parametric uncertainty. Moreover, our method enables insight into ice sheet processes represented by parameter interactions in the model.

Integrating Pipeline Data Management Application and Google Maps Dataset on Web Based GIS Application Using Open Source Technology Sharp Map and Open Layers

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arie Wisianto ◽  
Hidayatus Saniya ◽  
Oki Gumilar
Keyword(s):  
Data Management ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Private Information ◽  
Data Model ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Specific Information ◽  
Google Maps ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Gis Application ◽  
Management Application

Development of web based GIS application often requires high cost on base map datasets and software licenses. Web based GIS Pipeline Data Management Application can be developed using the benefit of Google Maps datasets combined with available local spatial datasets resulting comprehensive spatial information. Sharp Map is an easy-to-use mapping library for use in web and desktop applications. It provides access and enables spatial querying to many types of GIS data. The engine is written in C# and based on the .Net 2.0 frameworks and provides advantages for integration with Pipeline Data Model such as PODS using .NET technology. Sharp Map enables development of WMS and web services for serving pipeline data management information on internet/intranet web based application. Open Layers is use to integrate pipelines data model and Google Maps dataset on single map display with user friendly and dynamic user interfaces. The use of Sharp Map and Open Layers creating powerful Pipeline Data Management web based GIS application by combining specific information from pipelines data model and comprehensive Google Maps satellites datasets without publishing private information from local datasets. The combination on Sharp Map, Open Layers, Google Maps datasets, and .NET technology resulting a low cost and powerful Pipeline Data Management web based GIS solution. Impact zone of the event then we can calculate their consequences and finally we can figure their risk.

scholarly journals HARMONISATION MODEL OF ADMINISTRATIVE UNITS OF THE REPUBLIC OF SRPSKA ACCORDING TO INSPIRE DIRECTIVE

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Janković ◽  
Mladen Amović
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
European Commission ◽  
Spatial Data ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Structure Development ◽  
Joint Research ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Administrative Units ◽  
Republika Srpska

The INSPIRE Directive establishes a framework for the creation of a spatial data infrastructure(SDI), which will enable the exchange of spatial information between public sector organizationsand better access to spatial information in general across the Europe. This paper describes theharmonization of the INSPIRE theme Administrative Units. Data harmonization was carried outwithin the framework of the IMPULS project implemented by the Republic Geodetic and PropertyAdministration of Republika Srpska with the support of the Swedish Agency for Cadastre andCartography. Implementation involves the development of a GML scheme with mapping of existingdata in accordance with that structure, development and testing of INSPIRE services, andpreparation of metadata for data and services. The model was verified by the Joint Research Centerin Ispra, established by the European Commission (Joint Research Center).

scholarly journals Europeana Data Model in GIS for movable heritage

Geografie ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 120 (4) ◽  
pp. 527-541 ◽  
Author(s):  
Albina Mościcka
Keyword(s):  
Data Model ◽  
Spatial Information ◽  
Semantic Relations ◽  
Spatial Objects ◽  
Contextual Associations

The paper proposes to use European resources in GIS as a set of multi-spatial objects with semantic relations to the space. It improves the analysis and visualization of geographic or contextual associations between various items. This paper aims to integrate the Europeana Data Model with GIS for movable heritage based on semantic relations of movable objects with the space. All classes and properties of the EDM were analyzed. Classes and properties containing spatial information were examined and their semantic relations to the space were proposed. All aspects of the relations of movable heritage objects and space were taken into consideration, and examples of the GIS-based pilot resources saved with the use of EDM rules are proposed.

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