scholarly journals Crosstalk between Brassinosteroids and Ethylene during Plant Growth and under Abiotic Stress Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 3283 ◽  
Author(s):  
Petra Jiroutova ◽  
Jana Oklestkova ◽  
Miroslav Strnad
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Signaling Networks ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Metabolic Systems ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Hormonal Crosstalk ◽  
Main Effects

Plant hormones through signaling networks mutually regulate several signaling and metabolic systems essential for both plant development and plant responses to different environmental stresses. Extensive research has enabled the main effects of all known phytohormones classes to be identified. Therefore, it is now possible to investigate the interesting topic of plant hormonal crosstalk more fully. In this review, we focus on the role of brassinosteroids and ethylene during plant growth and development especially flowering, ripening of fruits, apical hook development, and root and shoot growth. As well as it summarizes their interaction during various abiotic stress conditions.

scholarly journals Role of Jasmonates, Calcium, and Glutathione in Plants to Combat Abiotic Stresses Through Precise Signaling Cascade

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saima Aslam ◽  
Nadia Gul ◽  
Mudasir A. Mir ◽  
Mohd. Asgher ◽  
Nadiah Al-Sulami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Defense ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Abiotic Stresses ◽  
Control Plant ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Signaling Cascade ◽  
Antioxidant Systems

Plant growth regulators have an important role in various developmental processes during the life cycle of plants. They are involved in abiotic stress responses and tolerance. They have very well-developed capabilities to sense the changes in their external milieu and initiate an appropriate signaling cascade that leads to the activation of plant defense mechanisms. The plant defense system activation causes build-up of plant defense hormones like jasmonic acid (JA) and antioxidant systems like glutathione (GSH). Moreover, calcium (Ca2+) transients are also seen during abiotic stress conditions depicting the role of Ca2+ in alleviating abiotic stress as well. Therefore, these growth regulators tend to control plant growth under varying abiotic stresses by regulating its oxidative defense and detoxification system. This review highlights the role of Jasmonates, Calcium, and glutathione in abiotic stress tolerance and activation of possible novel interlinked signaling cascade between them. Further, phyto-hormone crosstalk with jasmonates, calcium and glutathione under abiotic stress conditions followed by brief insights on omics approaches is also elucidated.

scholarly journals Genes Encoding Cucumber Full-Size ABCG Proteins Show Different Responses to Plant Growth Regulators and Sclareolide

2015 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 720-736 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Rajsz ◽  
Anna Warzybok ◽  
Magdalena Migocka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Plant Growth Regulators ◽  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Expression Profiles ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Full Size ◽  
Genes Encoding ◽  
Plant Genes ◽  
Cucumber Roots

AbstractFull-size members of the ABCG (ATP-binding cassette, subfamily G) subfamily of ABC transporters have been found only in plants and fungi. The plant genes encoding full-size ABCGs identified so far appeared to be differentially regulated under various environmental constraints, plant growth regulators, and microbial elicitors, indicating a broad functional role of these proteins in plant responses to abiotic and biotic stress. Nevertheless, the structure and physiological function of full-size ABCGs in many plant species are still unknown. We have recently identified 16 genes encoding full-size ABCG proteins in cucumber and found that the transcripts of two of them, CsABCG36 (CsPDR8) and CsABCG40 (CsPDR12), are most abundant in roots and are significantly affected by phytohormones and auxin herbicide. In this study, we analyzed the structure and phylogeny of all the full-size cucumber ABCG transporters and studied the organ expression profiles of the remaining 14 CsABCG genes. In addition, we investigated the effect of different plant growth regulators and the diterpene sclareolide on CsABCG expression in cucumber roots. Until now, the full-size plant ABCG transporters have been grouped into five different clusters. The new phylogenetic analysis of full-size ABCGs from model plants and cucumber clustered these proteins into six different subgroups. Interestingly, the expression profiles of cucumber ABCG genes assigned to the same clusters were not correlated, suggesting functional diversification or different regulatory mechanisms of the full-size cucumber ABCG proteins.

Potential Role of Endophytes for Sustainable Environment

2019 ◽  
pp. 78-95
Author(s):  
Zubair A. Dar ◽  
Bhat Rifat ◽  
Javeed I. A. Bhat ◽  
Asma Absar Bhatti ◽  
Shamsul Haq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Organic Contaminants ◽  
Plant Stress ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Sustainable Environment ◽  
Plant Growth Promoting ◽  
Plant Stress Tolerance ◽  
Growth Promoting ◽  
Almost All

Endophytes are symptomless fungal and bacterial microorganisms found in almost all living plants. They are vital components of plant microbiomes. Endophytes affect plant growth and plant responses to pathogens, herbivores, and environmental change by producing a range of natural products having antifungal, antibacterial, and insecticidal properties. Endophytes have shown particular promise in agriculture particularly as beneficial crop inoculants and are known to enhance abiotic and biotic plant stress tolerance by increasing tolerance to drought and water stress, as well as tolerance to high temperature and high salinity. A better understanding of their plant growth-promoting mechanisms could simplify higher production of energy crops in a more sustainable manner even on marginal land and feed stocks for industrial processes, thus contribute to avoiding conflicts between food and energy production Many endophytes can be exploited to improve the efficiency of phytoremediation as they are found to be resistant to heavy metals and capable of detoxifying organic contaminants.

High temperatures modify plant responses to abiotic stress conditions

2020 ◽  
Vol 170 (3) ◽  
pp. 335-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Damián Balfagón ◽  
Sara I. Zandalinas ◽  
Ron Mittler ◽  
Aurelio Gómez‐Cadenas
Keyword(s):  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
High Temperatures ◽  
Stress Conditions ◽  
Plant Responses

scholarly journals Plant Survival in a Changing Environment: The Role of Nitric Oxide in Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Simontacchi ◽  
Andrea Galatro ◽  
Facundo Ramos-Artuso ◽  
Guillermo E. Santa-María
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Changing Environment ◽  
Plant Survival

Involvement of Abscisic Acid in Controlling Plant Growth in Soil of Low Water Potential

1993 ◽  
Vol 20 (5) ◽  
pp. 425 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Munns ◽  
RE Sharp
Keyword(s):  
Abscisic Acid ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Water Potential ◽  
Cell Expansion ◽  
Shoot Growth ◽  
Xylem Sap ◽  
Leaf Expansion ◽  
Root And Shoot Growth ◽  
Dry Soil

Hormones appear to be important in controlling plant growth in soils of low water potential, particularly in changing the root:shoot ratio as the soil dries or becomes saline, and in communicating soil conditions to the leaves. This review has necessarily focused on abscisic acid (ABA), as there is little information about the role of other hormones in controlling growth in dry or saline soils. ABA is partly responsible for the differential response of root and shoot growth to dry soils. In dry soil it maintains root growth and inhibits shoot growth. However, when applied to well-watered plants, it usually inhibits root and shoot growth, showing that plants in dry soil respond quite differently from well-watered plants. ABA affects the rate of cell expansion in plants in dry soils: it maintains cell expansion in roots and inhibits that in leaves. It may also affect the rate of cell production, but little is known about this. The role of ABA as a long-distance signal in controlling growth by root-to-shoot communication is unclear: the concentrations found in xylem sap can affect stomatal conductance, but seem too low to affect leaf expansion. Yet drought and salinity generally affect leaf expansion before they affect leaf conductance. A possible solution to this puzzle is that ABA is transported in xylem sap in a complexed form, or that another compound in xylem sap stimulates the synthesis or activity of ABA in leaves, or affects leaf expansion independently of ABA.

scholarly journals Evidence for a Role of Gibberellins in Salicylic Acid-Modulated Early Plant Responses to Abiotic Stress in Arabidopsis Seeds

2009 ◽  
Vol 150 (3) ◽  
pp. 1335-1344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Alonso-Ramírez ◽  
Dolores Rodríguez ◽  
David Reyes ◽  
Jesús Angel Jiménez ◽  
Gregorio Nicolás ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salicylic Acid ◽  
Abiotic Stress ◽  
Plant Responses
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