scholarly journals Plant Calcium Signaling in Response to Potassium Deficiency

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (11) ◽  
pp. 3456 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaoping Wang ◽  
Ling Hao ◽  
Biping Zhu ◽  
Zhonghao Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Calcium Signaling ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Calcium Dependent ◽  
Calcium Sensors ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Low K

Potassium (K+) is an essential macronutrient of living cells and is the most abundant cation in the cytosol. K+ plays a role in several physiological processes that support plant growth and development. However, soil K+ availability is very low and variable, which leads to severe reductions in plant growth and yield. Various K+ shortage-activated signaling cascades exist. Among these, calcium signaling is the most important signaling system within plant cells. This review is focused on the possible roles of calcium signaling in plant responses to low-K+ stress. In plants, intracellular calcium levels are first altered in response to K+ deficiency, resulting in calcium signatures that exhibit temporal and spatial features. In addition, calcium channels located within the root epidermis and root hair zone can then be activated by hyperpolarization of plasma membrane (PM) in response to low-K+ stress. Afterward, calcium sensors, including calmodulin (CaM), CaM-like protein (CML), calcium-dependent protein kinase (CDPK), and calcineurin B-like protein (CBL), can act in the sensing of K+ deprivation. In particular, the important components regarding CBL/CBL-interacting protein kinase (CBL/CIPK) complexes-involved in plant responses to K+ deficiency are also discussed.

scholarly journals The Calcineurin B-Like Calcium Sensors CBL1 and CBL9 Together with Their Interacting Protein Kinase CIPK26 Regulate the Arabidopsis NADPH Oxidase RBOHF

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 559-569 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Magdalena Drerup ◽  
Kathrin Schlücking ◽  
Kenji Hashimoto ◽  
Prabha Manishankar ◽  
Leonie Steinhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Nadph Oxidase ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Calcium Sensors ◽  
Calcineurin B

Canola, narrow-leafed lupin and wheat differ in growth response to low–moderate sodium on a potassium-deficient sandy soil

2016 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 1168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qifu Ma ◽  
Richard Bell
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Triticum Aestivum L ◽  
Interactive Effects ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Brassica Napus L ◽  
High K ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Salt Affected Soils ◽  
K Concentration ◽  
Low K

Although soil salinity and potassium (K) deficiency are widespread in agricultural lands, there is a paucity of knowledge about the interactive effects of sodium (Na) and K on the growth and yield of major grain crops. In pot experiments, we examined salt tolerance of canola (Brassica napus L.), narrow-leafed lupin (Lupinus angustifolius L.) and wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and crop K requirement under Na supply ranging from low to high. Plant growth and seed yield of all three crops were lower at 40 mg K/kg than at 100 mg K/kg soil. Although 100 mg Na/kg (4 dS/m in soil solution) had little effect on canola cv. Boomer and wheat cv. Wyalkatchem, the salt-treated narrow-leafed lupin cv. Mandelup died at 47 days after sowing, regardless of amount of soil K. In low-K soils, canola with 100 mg Na/kg and wheat with 50 mg Na/kg did not show K-deficiency symptoms and produced greater seed yield than plants with nil Na addition. At 100 mg K/kg, Na-induced reduction in growth and yield occurred only to plants with 200 mg Na/kg. However, at 160 mg K/kg, 200 mg Na/kg did not have an adverse effect. In canola and wheat, shoot K concentration increased and shoot Na concentration decreased with increasing amount of soil K; however, high soil K did not reduce shoot Na concentration in narrow-leafed lupin. The study showed that narrow-leafed lupin was very susceptible to salinity, whereas canola and wheat plants were relatively salt-tolerant. The stimulation of growth and yield in canola and wheat by low–moderate Na in low-K soils suggests partial K substitution by Na, and that adaptation of canola and wheat to salt-affected soils can be enhanced by high K supply.

scholarly journals Effect of drought and heat stresses on plant growth and yield: a review

2013 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 463-477 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Lipiec ◽  
C. Doussan ◽  
A. Nosalewicz ◽  
K. Kondracka
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Plant Growth ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Phenotypic Flexibility ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Effects Of Drought ◽  
Management Approaches

Abstract Drought and heat stresses are important threat limitations to plant growth and sustainable agriculture worldwide. Our objective is to provide a review of plant responses and adaptations to drought and elevated temperature including roots, shoots, and final yield and management approaches for alleviating adverse effects of the stresses based mostly on recent literature. The sections of the paper deal with plant responses including root growth, transpiration, photosynthesis, water use efficiency, phenotypic flexibility, accumulation of compounds of low molecular mass (eg proline and gibberellins), and expression of some genes and proteins for increasing the tolerance to the abiotic stresses. Soil and crop management practices to alleviate negative effects of drought and heat stresses are also discussed. Investigations involving determination of plant assimilate partitioning, phenotypic plasticity, and identification of most stress-tolerant plant genotypes are essential for understanding the complexity of the responses and for future plant breeding. The adverse effects of drought and heat stress can be mitigated by soil management practices, crop establishment, and foliar application of growth regulators by maintaining an appropriate level of water in the leaves due to osmotic adjustment and stomatal performance.

scholarly journals Revealing the Role of the Calcineurin B-Like Protein-Interacting Protein Kinase 9 (CIPK9) in Rice Adaptive Responses to Salinity, Osmotic Stress, and K+ Deficiency

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 1513
Author(s):  
Sergey Shabala ◽  
Mohammad Alnayef ◽  
Jayakumar Bose ◽  
Zhong-Hua Chen ◽  
Gayatri Venkataraman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Osmotic Stress ◽  
Physiological Role ◽  
Carbon Gain ◽  
Adaptive Responses ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Rice Mutant ◽  
Calcineurin B ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Low K

In plants, calcineurin B-like (CBL) proteins and their interacting protein kinases (CIPK) form functional complexes that transduce downstream signals to membrane effectors assisting in their adaptation to adverse environmental conditions. This study addresses the issue of the physiological role of CIPK9 in adaptive responses to salinity, osmotic stress, and K+ deficiency in rice plants. Whole-plant physiological studies revealed that Oscipk9 rice mutant lacks a functional CIPK9 gene and displayed a mildly stronger phenotype, both under saline and osmotic stress conditions. The reported difference was attributed to the ability of Oscipk9 to maintain significantly higher stomatal conductance (thus, a greater carbon gain). Oscipk9 plants contained much less K+ in their tissues, implying the role of CIPK9 in K+ acquisition and homeostasis in rice. Oscipk9 roots also showed hypersensitivity to ROS under conditions of low K+ availability suggesting an important role of H2O2 signalling as a component of plant adaptive responses to a low-K environment. The likely mechanistic basis of above physiological responses is discussed.

A soybean calcineurin B-like protein-interacting protein kinase, GmPKS4, regulates plant responses to salt and alkali stresses

2021 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 153331
Author(s):  
Toi Ketehouli ◽  
Yong-Gang Zhou ◽  
Si-Yu Dai ◽  
Kue Foka Idrice Carther ◽  
Da-Qian Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Kinase ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Interacting Protein ◽  
Calcineurin B

scholarly journals Transcriptome Analysis of Pyrus betulaefolia Seedling Root Responses to Short-Term Potassium Deficiency

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (22) ◽  
pp. 8857
Author(s):  
Han Yang ◽  
Yan Li ◽  
Yumeng Jin ◽  
Liping Kan ◽  
Changwei Shen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root Growth ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Plant Responses ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Energy Demands ◽  
Enhanced Expression ◽  
K Deficiency ◽  
Low K ◽  
Potassium Deprivation

Potassium (K) plays a crucial role in multiple physiological and developmental processes in plants. Its deficiency is a common abiotic stress that inhibits plant growth and reduces crop productivity. A better understanding of the mechanisms involved in plant responses to low K could help to improve the efficiency of K use in plants. However, such responses remain poorly characterized in fruit tree species such as pears (Pyrus sp). We analyzed the physiological and transcriptome responses of a commonly used pear rootstock, Pyrus betulaefolia, to K-deficiency stress (0 mM). Potassium deprivation resulted in apparent changes in root morphology, with short-term low-K stress resulting in rapidly enhanced root growth. Transcriptome analyses indicated that the root transcriptome was coordinately altered within 6 h after K deprivation, a process that continued until 15 d after treatment. Potassium deprivation resulted in the enhanced expression (up to 5-fold) of a putative high-affinity K+ transporter, PbHAK5 (Pbr037826.1), suggesting the up-regulation of mechanisms associated with K+ acquisition. The enhanced root growth in response to K-deficiency stress was associated with a rapid and sustained decrease in the expression of a transcription factor, PbMYB44 (Pbr015309.1), potentially involved in mediating auxin responses, and the increased expression of multiple genes associated with regulating root growth. The concentrations of several phytohormones including indoleacetic acid (IAA), ABA, ETH, gibberellin (GA3), and jasmonic acid (JA) were higher in response to K deprivation. Furthermore, genes coding for enzymes associated with carbon metabolism such as SORBITOL DEHYDROGENASE (SDH) and SUCROSE SYNTHASE (SUS) displayed greatly enhanced expression in the roots under K deprivation, presumably indicating enhanced metabolism to meet the increased energy demands for growth and K+ acquisition. Together, these data suggest that K deprivation in P. betulaefolia results in the rapid re-programming of the transcriptome to enhance root growth and K+ acquisition. These data provide key insights into the molecular basis for understanding low-K-tolerance mechanisms in pears and in other related fruit trees and identifying potential candidates that warrant further analyses.

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