scholarly journals Adipose-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells: A Promising Tool in the Treatment of Musculoskeletal Diseases

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (12) ◽  
pp. 3105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Torres-Torrillas ◽  
Monica Rubio ◽  
Elena Damia ◽  
Belen Cuervo ◽  
Ayla del Romero ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Accurate Treatment ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
Surgical Treatments

Chronic musculoskeletal (MSK) pain is one of the most common medical complaints worldwide and musculoskeletal injuries have an enormous social and economical impact. Current pharmacological and surgical treatments aim to relief pain and restore function; however, unsatiscactory outcomes are commonly reported. In order to find an accurate treatment to such pathologies, over the last years, there has been a significantly increasing interest in cellular therapies, such as adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs). These cells represent a relatively new strategy in regenerative medicine, with many potential applications, especially regarding MSK disorders, and preclinical and clinical studies have demonstrated their efficacy in muscle, tendon, bone and cartilage regeneration. Nevertheless, several worries about their safety and side effects at long-term remain unsolved. This article aims to review the current state of AMSCs therapy in the treatment of several MSK diseases and their clinical applications in veterinary and human medicine.

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy for Nonmusculoskeletal Diseases: Emerging Applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 18 (9) ◽  
pp. 1013-1028 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tom K. Kuo ◽  
Jennifer H. Ho ◽  
Oscar K. Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stem Cell ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell ◽  
Cell Therapy ◽  
Musculoskeletal Diseases ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Differentiation Potential ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cell Therapy

Mesenchymal stem cells are stem/progenitor cells originated from the mesoderm and can different into multiple cell types of the musculoskeletal system. The vast differentiation potential and the relative ease for culture expansion have established mesenchymal stem cells as the building blocks in cell therapy and tissue engineering applications for a variety of musculoskeletal diseases, including repair of fractures and bone defects, cartilage regeneration, treatment of osteonecrosis of the femoral head, and correction of genetic diseases such as osteogenesis imperfect. However, research in the past decade has revealed differentiation potentials of mesenchymal stem cells beyond lineages of the mesoderm, suggesting broader applications than originally perceived. In this article, we review the recent developments in mesenchymal stem cell research with respect to their emerging properties and applications in nonmusculoskeletal diseases.

scholarly journals Mesenchymal Stem Cells Subpopulations: Application for Orthopedic Regenerative Medicine

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vanessa Pérez-Silos ◽  
Alberto Camacho-Morales ◽  
Lizeth Fuentes-Mera
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Chondrogenic Differentiation ◽  
Surface Markers ◽  
Regeneration Potential ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
A Minor ◽  
Preclinical And Clinical Studies ◽  
Selection Of

Research on mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) continues to progress rapidly. Nevertheless, the field faces several challenges, such as inherent cell heterogeneity and the absence of unique MSCs markers. Due to MSCs’ ability to differentiate into multiple tissues, these cells represent a promising tool for new cell-based therapies. However, for tissue engineering applications, it is critical to start with a well-defined cell population. Additionally, evidence that MSCs subpopulations may also feature distinct characteristics and regeneration potential has arisen. In this report, we present an overview of the identification of MSCs based on the expression of several surface markers and their current tissue sources. We review the use of MSCs subpopulations in recent years and the main methodologies that have addressed their isolation, and we emphasize the most-used surface markers for selection, isolation, and characterization. Next, we discuss the osteogenic and chondrogenic differentiation from MSCs subpopulations. We conclude that MSCs subpopulation selection is not a minor concern because each subpopulation has particular potential for promoting the differentiation into osteoblasts and chondrocytes. The accurate selection of the subpopulation advances possibilities suitable for preclinical and clinical studies and determines the safest and most efficacious regeneration process.

scholarly journals Electrospun fibers enhanced the paracrine signaling of mesenchymal stem cells for cartilage regeneration

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Dinah Kadir ◽  
Zheng Yang ◽  
Afizah Hassan ◽  
Vinitha Denslin ◽  
Eng Hin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Electrospun Fiber ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Conditioned Media ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Paracrine Signaling ◽  
Therapeutic Value ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Fiber Sheet

Abstract Background Secretome profiles of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are reflective of their local microenvironments. These biologically active factors exert an impact on the surrounding cells, eliciting regenerative responses that create an opportunity for exploiting MSCs towards a cell-free therapy for cartilage regeneration. The conventional method of culturing MSCs on a tissue culture plate (TCP) does not provide the physiological microenvironment for optimum secretome production. In this study, we explored the potential of electrospun fiber sheets with specific orientation in influencing the MSC secretome production and its therapeutic value in repairing cartilage. Methods Conditioned media (CM) were generated from MSCs cultured either on TCP or electrospun fiber sheets of distinct aligned or random fiber orientation. The paracrine potential of CM in affecting chondrogenic differentiation, migration, proliferation, inflammatory modulation, and survival of MSCs and chondrocytes was assessed. The involvement of FAK and ERK mechanotransduction pathways in modulating MSC secretome were also investigated. Results We showed that conditioned media of MSCs cultured on electrospun fiber sheets compared to that generated from TCP have improved secretome yield and profile, which enhanced the migration and proliferation of MSCs and chondrocytes, promoted MSC chondrogenesis, mitigated inflammation in both MSCs and chondrocytes, as well as protected chondrocytes from apoptosis. Amongst the fiber sheet-generated CM, aligned fiber-generated CM (ACM) was better at promoting cell proliferation and augmenting MSC chondrogenesis, while randomly oriented fiber-generated CM (RCM) was more efficient in mitigating the inflammation assault. FAK and ERK signalings were shown to participate in the modulation of MSC morphology and its secretome production. Conclusions This study demonstrates topographical-dependent MSC paracrine activities and the potential of employing electrospun fiber sheets to improve the MSC secretome for cartilage regeneration.

scholarly journals Heterogeneity of mesenchymal stem cells in cartilage regeneration: from characterization to application

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kangkang Zha ◽  
Xu Li ◽  
Zhen Yang ◽  
Guangzhao Tian ◽  
Zhiqiang Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Cartilage Repair ◽  
Cartilage Damage ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Traditional Treatment ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Selection Of

AbstractArticular cartilage is susceptible to damage but hard to self-repair due to its avascular nature. Traditional treatment methods are not able to produce satisfactory effects. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have shown great promise in cartilage repair. However, the therapeutic effect of MSCs is often unstable partly due to their heterogeneity. Understanding the heterogeneity of MSCs and the potential of different types of MSCs for cartilage regeneration will facilitate the selection of superior MSCs for treating cartilage damage. This review provides an overview of the heterogeneity of MSCs at the donor, tissue source and cell immunophenotype levels, including their cytological properties, such as their ability for proliferation, chondrogenic differentiation and immunoregulation, as well as their current applications in cartilage regeneration. This information will improve the precision of MSC-based therapeutic strategies, thus maximizing the efficiency of articular cartilage repair.

Combined Effects of Bone Marrow-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and PLGA-PEG-PLGA Scaffolds on Repair of Articular Cartilage Defect

2013 ◽  
Vol 815 ◽  
pp. 345-349 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ching Wen Hsu ◽  
Ping Liu ◽  
Song Song Zhu ◽  
Feng Deng ◽  
Bi Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Articular Cartilage ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Cartilage Defect ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Tissue Growth ◽  
Cartilage Defects

Here we reported a combined technique for articular cartilage repair, consisting of bone arrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMMSCs) and poly (dl-lactide-co-glycolide-b-ethylene glycol-b-dl-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA-PEG-PLGA) triblock copolymers carried with tissue growth factor (TGF-belat1). In the present study, BMMSCs seeded on PLGA-PEG-PLGA with were incubated in vitro, carried or not TGF-belta1, Then the effects of the composite on repair of cartilage defect were evaluated in rabbit knee joints in vivo. Full-thickness cartilage defects (diameter: 5 mm; depth: 3 mm) in the patellar groove were either left empty (n=18), implanted with BMMSCs/PLGA (n=18), TGF-belta1 modified BMMSCs/PLGA-PEG-PLGA. The defect area was examined grossly, histologically at 6, 24 weeks postoperatively. After implantation, the BMMSCs /PLGA-PEG-PLGA with TGF-belta1 group showed successful hyaline-like cartilage regeneration similar to normal cartilage, which was superior to the other groups using gross examination, qualitative and quantitative histology. These findings suggested that a combination of BMMSCs/PLGA-PEG-PLGA carried with tissue growth factor (TGF-belat1) may be an alternative treatment for large osteochondral defects in high loading sites.

From mesenchymal stem cells and stromal cells - from bench to bedside

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-39
Author(s):  
Bernd Giebel ◽  
Verena Börger ◽  
Mario Gimona ◽  
Eva Rohde
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Stromal Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Therapeutic Potential ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cell Replacement ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Promising Tool

Human mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) represent a promising tool in regenerative medicine. Until now, almost one thousand NIH-registered clinical trials investigated their immunomodulatory and pro-regenerative therapeutic potential in various diseases. Despite controversial reports regarding the efficacy of MSC-treatments, MSCs appear to exert their beneficial effects in a paracrine manner rather than by cell replacement. In this context, extracellular vesicles (EVs), such as exosomes and microvesicles, seem to induce the MSCs’ therapeutic effects. Here, we briefly illustrate the potential of MSC-EVs as therapeutic agent of the future.

Codelivery of Synovium-Derived Mesenchymal Stem Cells and TGF-β by a Hybrid Scaffold for Cartilage Regeneration

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 805-816
Author(s):  
Hongjie Huang ◽  
Xiaoqing Hu ◽  
Xin Zhang ◽  
Xiaoning Duan ◽  
Jiying Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Cartilage Regeneration ◽  
Hybrid Scaffold
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