scholarly journals Roles of the INO80 and SWR1 Chromatin Remodeling Complexes in Plants

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (18) ◽  
pp. 4591 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianhao Wang ◽  
Sujuan Gao ◽  
Xiuling Peng ◽  
Keqiang Wu ◽  
Songguang Yang
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Arabidopsis Thaliana ◽  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Eukaryotic Genes ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation ◽  
Environmental Responses

Eukaryotic genes are packed into a dynamic but stable nucleoprotein structure called chromatin. Chromatin-remodeling and modifying complexes generate a dynamic chromatin environment that ensures appropriate DNA processing and metabolism in various processes such as gene expression, as well as DNA replication, repair, and recombination. The INO80 and SWR1 chromatin remodeling complexes (INO80-c and SWR1-c) are ATP-dependent complexes that modulate the incorporation of the histone variant H2A.Z into nucleosomes, which is a critical step in eukaryotic gene regulation. Although SWR1-c has been identified in plants, plant INO80-c has not been successfully isolated and characterized. In this review, we will focus on the functions of the SWR1-c and putative INO80-c (SWR1/INO80-c) multi-subunits and multifunctional complexes in Arabidopsis thaliana. We will describe the subunit compositions of the SWR1/INO80-c and the recent findings from the standpoint of each subunit and discuss their involvement in regulating development and environmental responses in Arabidopsis.

Mapping the dynamic transfer functions of eukaryotic gene regulation

Cell Systems ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica B. Lee ◽  
Leandra M. Caywood ◽  
Jennifer Y. Lo ◽  
Nicholas Levering ◽  
Albert J. Keung
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Transfer Functions ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

Implications of DNA replication for eukaryotic gene expression

1991 ◽  
Vol 99 (2) ◽  
pp. 201-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.P. Wolffe
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Dna Replication ◽  
Replication Fork ◽  
Recent Progress ◽  
Gene Activity ◽  
Nucleosome Assembly ◽  
Developmental Processes ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene Expression ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene

DNA replication has a key role in many developmental processes. Recent progress in understanding events at the replication fork suggests mechanisms for both establishing and maintaining programs of eukaryotic gene activity. In this review, I discuss the consequences of replication fork passage for preexisting chromatin structures and describe how the mechanism of nucleosome assembly at the replication fork may facilitate the formation of either transcriptionally active or repressed chromatin.

scholarly journals Cooperative action in eukaryotic gene regulation: Physical properties of a viral example

2007 ◽  
Vol 76 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Werner ◽  
LiZhe Zhu ◽  
Erik Aurell
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Cooperative Action ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerald M. Kolodny
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

scholarly journals The Drosophila SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes BAP and PBAP play separate roles in regulating growth and cell fate during regeneration

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuan Tian ◽  
Rachel K. Smith-Bolton
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Cell Fate ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Tissue Regeneration ◽  
Wing Disc ◽  
Epithelial Tissue ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Jnk Signaling ◽  
Regenerative Growth ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes

AbstractTo regenerate, damaged tissue must heal the wound, regrow to the proper size, replace the correct cell types, and return to the normal gene-expression program. However, the mechanisms that temporally and spatially control the activation or repression of important genes during regeneration are not fully understood. To determine the role that chromatin modifiers play in regulating gene expression after tissue damage, we induced ablation in Drosophila imaginal wing discs, and screened for chromatin regulators that are required for epithelial tissue regeneration. Here we show that many of these genes are indeed important for promoting or constraining regeneration. Specifically, the two SWI/SNF chromatin-remodeling complexes play distinct roles in regulating different aspects of regeneration. The PBAP complex regulates regenerative growth and developmental timing, and is required for the expression of JNK signaling targets and the growth promoter Myc. By contrast, the BAP complex ensures correct patterning and cell fate by stabilizing expression of the posterior gene engrailed. Thus, both SWI/SNF complexes are essential for proper gene expression during tissue regeneration, but they play distinct roles in regulating growth and cell fate.Summary statementDuring regeneration of the Drosophila wing disc, the SWI/SNF PBAP complex is required for regenerative growth and expression of JNK signaling targets, while the BAP complex maintains posterior cell fate.

Transient responses and adaptation to steady state in a eukaryotic gene regulation system

2004 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 67-76 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erez Braun ◽  
Naama Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Gene Regulation ◽  
Steady State ◽  
Regulation System ◽  
Transient Responses ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene ◽  
Eukaryotic Gene Regulation

The basic structure of chromatin

2019 ◽  
pp. 7-16
Author(s):  
John C. Lucchesi
Keyword(s):  
Dna Replication ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling ◽  
Functional State ◽  
Basic Structure ◽  
Chromatin Fiber ◽  
Damage Repair ◽  
Core Histones ◽  
Chromatin Remodeling Complexes ◽  
Degree Of Condensation ◽  
Active Genes

In cells, DNA is associated with histones, non-histone proteins and RNA in a complex referred to as chromatin. Four different types of histones form octamers (nucleosomes), around which DNA is wrapped yielding a chromatin fiber with the configuration of “beads on a string.” Disassembly, followed by reassembly, of this structure occurs during DNA replication, damage repair and transcription. Core histones are replication-coupled; variants are replication-independent. Positioning of nucleosomes on the chromatin fiber is mediated by chromatin remodeling complexes and reflects the functional state of various regions along the fiber. Various biophysical methods have been utilized to study the physical association of nucleosomes and DNA. Chromatin can be differentiated on the basis of the activity of the genes that are present in a given region. Heterochromatin represents repressed or inactive regions of the genome and exhibits a greater degree of condensation than euchromatin, which refers to more unwound regions where active genes are located. The two types of chromatin are present in different nuclear locations.

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