scholarly journals A Newly Developed Synbiotic Yogurt Prevents Diabetes by Improving the Microbiome–Intestine–Pancreas Axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 1647
Author(s):  
Brandi Miller ◽  
Rabina Mainali ◽  
Ravinder Nagpal ◽  
Hariom Yadav
Keyword(s):  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diabetes In Mice ◽  
Diabetes Progression ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is increasing worldwide, and there are no long-term preventive strategies to stop this growth. Emerging research shows that perturbations in the gut microbiome significantly contribute to the development of T2D, while microbiome modulators may be beneficial for T2D prevention. However, microbiome modulators that are effective, safe, affordable, and able to be administered daily are not yet available. Based on our previous pro- and prebiotic studies, we developed a novel synbiotic yogurt comprised of human-origin probiotics and plant-based prebiotics and investigated its impact on diet- and streptozotocin-induced T2D in mice. We compared the effects of our synbiotic yogurt to those of a commercially available yogurt (control yogurt). Interestingly, we found that the feeding of the synbiotic yogurt significantly reduced the development of hyperglycemia (diabetes) in response to high-fat diet feeding and streptozotocin compared to milk-fed controls. Surprisingly, the control yogurt exacerbated diabetes progression. Synbiotic yogurt beneficially modulated the gut microbiota composition compared to milk, while the control yogurt negatively modulated it by significantly increasing the abundance of detrimental bacteria such as Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae. In addition, the synbiotic yogurt protected pancreatic islet morphology compared to the milk control, while the control yogurt demonstrated worse effects on islets. These results suggest that our newly developed synbiotic yogurt protects against diabetes in mice and can be used as a therapeutic to prevent diabetes progression.

scholarly journals A Newly Developed Synbiotic Yogurt Prevents Diabetes by Improving the Microbiome-Intestine-Pancreas Axis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brandi Miller ◽  
Rabina Mainali ◽  
Ravinder Nagpal ◽  
Hariom Yadav
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Preventive Strategies ◽  
Human Origin ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Diabetes In Mice ◽  
Diabetes Progression

The prevalence of type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is increasing worldwide and there are no long-term preventive strategies to stop this growth. Emerging research shows that perturbations in the gut microbiome significantly contribute to the development of T2D, while microbiome modulators may be beneficial for T2D prevention. However, microbiome modulators that are effective, safe, affordable, and able to be integrated daily in the diet are not yet available. Based on our previous pro- and prebiotic studies, we developed a novel synbiotic yogurt comprised of human-origin probiotics and plant-based prebiotics and investigated its impact on diet- and streptozotocin-induced T2D in mice. We compared the effects of our synbiotic yogurt to those of a commercially-available yogurt (control yogurt). Interestingly, we found that feeding of this synbiotic yogurt significantly reduced the development of hyperglycemia (diabetes) in response to high-fat diet feeding and streptozotocin compared to milk-fed controls. Surprisingly, the control yogurt exacerbated diabetes progression. Synbiotic yogurt beneficially modulated the composition of gut microbiota compared to milk; conversely, the control yogurt negatively modulated the gut microbiota by significantly increasing the abundance of detrimental bacteria like Proteobacteria and Enterobacteriaceae. In addition, the synbiotic yogurt protected intact pancreatic islet morphology compared to the milk control, while the commercial yogurt demonstrated worse effects on pancreatic physiology. These results suggest that our newly developed synbiotic yogurt protects against diabetes in mice and can be used as a modality to prevent diabetes progression.

Uridine attenuates obesity, ameliorates hepatic lipid accumulation and modifies the gut microbiota composition in mice fed with a high-fat diet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yilin Liu ◽  
Chunyan Xie ◽  
Zhenya Zhai ◽  
Ze-yuan Deng ◽  
Hugo R. De Jonge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
Lipid Accumulation ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Hepatic Lipid ◽  
Hepatic Lipid Accumulation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

This study aimed to investigate the effect of uridine on obesity, fat accumulation in liver, and gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-fed mice.

Yeast β-glucan reduces obesity-associated Bilophila abundance and modulates bile acid metabolism in healthy and high-fat diet mouse models

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sik Yu So ◽  
Qinglong Wu ◽  
Kin Sum Leung ◽  
Zuzanna Maria Kundi ◽  
Tor C Savidge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bile Acid ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Health ◽  
Metabolic Phenotype ◽  
Bile Acid Metabolism ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Mrna Accumulation ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Emerging evidence links dietary fiber with altered gut microbiota composition and bile acid signaling in maintaining metabolic health. Yeast β-glucan (Y-BG) is a dietary supplement known for its immunomodulatory effect, yet its impact on the gut microbiota and bile acid composition remains unclear. This study investigated whether dietary forms of Y-BG modulate these gut-derived signals. We performed 4-week dietary supplementation in healthy mice to evaluate effects of different fiber composition (soluble vs particulate Y-BG) and dose (0.1 vs. 2%). We found that 2% particulate Y-BG induced robust gut microbiota community shifts with elevated liver Cyp7a1 mRNA abundance and bile acid synthesis. These diet-induced responses were notably different when compared to the prebiotic inulin, and included a marked reduction in fecal Bilophila abundance which we demonstrated as translatable to obesity in population-scale American Gut and TwinsUK clinical cohorts. This prompted us to test whether 2% Y-BG maintained metabolic health in mice fed 60% HFD over 13 weeks. Y-BG consistently altered the gut microbiota composition and reduced Bilophila abundance, with trends observed in improvement of metabolic phenotype. Notably, Y-BG improved insulin sensitization and this was associated with enhanced ileal Glpr1r mRNA accumulation and reduced Bilophila abundance. Collectively, our results demonstrate that Y-BG modulates gut microbiota community composition and bile acid signaling, but the dietary regime needs to be optimized to facilitate clinical improvement in metabolic phenotype in an aggressive high-fat diet animal model.

Dietary wood pulp-derived sterols modulation of cholesterol metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat-diet-fed hamsters

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 775-785 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiang Li ◽  
Huali Wang ◽  
Tianxin Wang ◽  
Fuping Zheng ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Metabolic Disorder ◽  
Cholesterol Metabolism ◽  
Wood Pulp ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Fecal Sterols ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

Wood pulp-derived sterols (WS) supplementation ameliorated HFD-associated metabolic disorder; WS supplementation increased the amounts of fecal sterols excretion and SCFAs content; WS supplementation modulated gut microbiota composition.

scholarly journals Effect of A Polyphenol-Rich Canarium album Extract on the Composition of the Gut Microbiota of Mice Fed a High-Fat Diet

Molecules ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 23 (9) ◽  
pp. 2188 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning-Ning Zhang ◽  
Wen-Hui Guo ◽  
Han Hu ◽  
A-Rong Zhou ◽  
Qing-Pei Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
High Throughput Sequencing ◽  
Chow Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Canarium Album ◽  
Normal Chow ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition ◽  
Medium Dose

This study investigated the influence of Canarium album extract (CAext) on intestinal microbiota composition of mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). Kun Ming (KM) mice were fed either a normal chow diet or a HFD for six weeks. At the seventh week, HFD-fed mice were gavaged daily with saline, or a different dose of CAext for four weeks, respectively. Then, the composition of the gut microbiota was analyzed by high-throughput sequencing technology. Analysis of fecal microbial populations, grouped by phyla, showed significant increases of Firmicutes and Verrucomicrobia, but a decrease of Bacteroidetes in all CAext-fed mice. Particularly, CAext gavage in a low dose or a medium dose caused a significant increase in the proportion of Akkermansia. These findings suggested that CAext can alter the gut microbiota composition of HFD-fed mice, and had a potential prebiotic effects on Akkermansia.

Anti-obesity effects of α-amylase inhibitor enriched-extract from white common beans (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) associated with the modulation of gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet-induced obese rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 1624-1634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhenxing Shi ◽  
Yingying Zhu ◽  
Cong Teng ◽  
Yang Yao ◽  
Guixing Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
High Fat ◽  
Obese Rats ◽  
Amylase Inhibitors ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition

α-Amylase inhibitors (α-AI) have great potential to treat obesity.

scholarly journals The impact of exercise training and resveratrol supplementation on gut microbiota composition in high-fat diet fed mice

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (20) ◽  
pp. e13881 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nina Brandt ◽  
Dorota Kotowska ◽  
Caroline M. Kristensen ◽  
Jesper Olesen ◽  
Ditte O. Lützhøft ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Exercise Training ◽  
Gut Microbiota ◽  
High Fat Diet ◽  
Microbiota Composition ◽  
High Fat ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Gut Microbiota Composition
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