scholarly journals The Osteogenic Differentiation of Human Dental Pulp Stem Cells through G0/G1 Arrest and the p-ERK/Runx-2 Pathway by Sonic Vibration

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (18) ◽  
pp. 10167
Author(s):  
Won Lee ◽  
Su-Rak Eo ◽  
Ju-Hye Choi ◽  
Yu-Mi Kim ◽  
Myeong-Hyun Nam ◽  
...  

Mechanical/physical stimulations modulate tissue metabolism, and this process involves multiple cellular mechanisms, including the secretion of growth factors and the activation of mechano-physically sensitive kinases. Cells and tissue can be modulated through specific vibration-induced changes in cell activity, which depend on the vibration frequency and occur via differential gene expression. However, there are few reports about the effects of medium-magnitude (1.12 g) sonic vibration on the osteogenic differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (HDPSCs). In this study, we investigated whether medium-magnitude (1.12 g) sonic vibration with a frequency of 30, 45, or 100 Hz could affect the osteogenic differentiation of HDPSCs. Their cell morphology changed to a cuboidal shape at 45 Hz and 100 Hz, but the cells in the other groups were elongated. FACS analysis showed decreased CD 73, CD 90, and CD 105 expression at 45 Hz and 100 Hz. Additionally, the proportions of cells in the G0/G1 phase in the control, 30 Hz, 45 Hz, and 100 Hz groups after vibration were 60.7%, 65.9%, 68.3%, and 66.7%, respectively. The mRNA levels of osteogenic-specific markers, including osteonectin, osteocalcin, BMP-2, ALP, and Runx-2, increased at 45 and 100 Hz, and the ALP and calcium content was elevated in the vibration groups compared with those in the control. Additionally, the western blotting results showed that p-ERK, BSP, osteoprotegerin, and osteonectin proteins were upregulated at 45 Hz compared with the other groups. The vibration groups showed higher ALP and calcium content than the control. Vibration, especially at 100 Hz, increased the number of calcified nodes relative to the control group, as evidenced by von Kossa staining. Immunohistochemical staining demonstrated that type I and III collagen, osteonectin, and osteopontin were upregulated at 45 Hz and 100 Hz. These results suggest that medium magnitude vibration at 45 Hz induces the G0/G1 arrest of HDPSCs through the p-ERK/Runx-2 pathway and can serve as a potent stimulator of differentiation and extracellular matrix production.

2021 ◽  
Vol 400 (2) ◽  
pp. 112466
Author(s):  
J.F. Huo ◽  
M.L. Zhang ◽  
X.X. Wang ◽  
D.H. Zou

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 729-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Jensen ◽  
David Christian Evar Kraft ◽  
Helle Lysdahl ◽  
Casper Bindzus Foldager ◽  
Muwan Chen ◽  
...  

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 1677-1685 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bing-Chang Xin ◽  
Qi-Shan Wu ◽  
Song Jin ◽  
Ai-Hua Luo ◽  
De-Gang Sun ◽  
...  

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Liangkun Xie ◽  
Zheng Guan ◽  
Mingzhu Zhang ◽  
Sha Lyu ◽  
Nattawut Thuaksuban ◽  
...  

Human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs) hold great promise in bone regeneration. However, the exact mechanism of osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs remains unknown, especially the role of exosomes played in. The DPSCs were cultured and received osteogenic induction; then, exosomes from osteogenic-induced DPSCs (OI-DPSC-Ex) at different time intervals were isolated and sequenced for circular RNA (circRNA) expression profiles. Gradually, increased circular lysophosphatidic acid receptor 1 (circLPAR1) expression was found in the OI-DPSC-Ex coincidentally with the degree of osteogenic differentiation. Meanwhile, results from osteogenic differentiation examinations showed that the OI-DPSC-Ex had osteogenic effect on the recipient homotypic DPSCs. To investigate the mechanism of exosomal circLPAR1 on osteogenic differentiation, we verified that circLPAR1 could competently bind to hsa-miR-31, by eliminating the inhibitory effect of hsa-miR-31 on osteogenesis, therefore promoting osteogenic differentiation of the recipient homotypic DPSCs. Our study showed that exosomal circRNA played an important role in osteogenic differentiation of DPSCs and provided a novel way of utilization of exosomes for the treatment of bone deficiencies.


2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 3431-3437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdieh Alipour ◽  
Marziyeh Aghazadeh ◽  
Abolfazl Akbarzadeh ◽  
Zahra Vafajoo ◽  
Zahra Aghazadeh ◽  
...  

Nanomaterials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 620 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jae Hwa Ahn ◽  
In-Ryoung Kim ◽  
Yeon Kim ◽  
Dong-Hyun Kim ◽  
Soo-Byung Park ◽  
...  

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticle (MBN)/graphene oxide (GO) composites on the mineralization ability and differentiation potential of human dental pulp stem cells (hDPSCs). MBN/GO composites were synthesized using the sol-gel method and colloidal processing to enhance the bioactivity and mechanical properties of MBN. Characterization using FESEM, XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectrometry showed that the composites were successfully synthesized. hDPSCs were then cultured directly on the MBN/GO (40:1 and 20:1) composites in vitro. MBN/GO promoted the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of hDPSCs. In addition, qRT-PCR showed that MBN/GO regulated the mRNA levels of odontogenic markers (dentin sialophosphoprotein (DSPP), dentine matrix protein 1 (DMP-1), ALP, matrix extracellular phosphoglycoprotein (MEPE), bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2), and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX-2)). The mRNA levels of DSPP and DMP-1, two odontogenesis-specific markers, were considerably upregulated in hDPSCs in response to growth on the MBN/GO composites. Western blot analysis revealed similar results. Alizarin red S staining was subsequently performed to further investigate MBN/GO-induced mineralization of hDPSCs. It was revealed that MBN/GO composites promote odontogenic differentiation via the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway. Collectively, the results of the present study suggest that MBN/GO composites may promote the differentiation of hDPSCs into odontoblast-like cells, and potentially induce dentin formation.


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