scholarly journals Laboratory Study on the Strength Behaviour of Two Laterally Loaded Adobe Walls

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Brad Weldon ◽  
Paola Bandini ◽  
Michael McGinnis ◽  
Eduardo Dávila ◽  
Diego García Vera

Adobe is a traditional construction technique found in historic and new construction throughout the world, often in earthquake-prone regions. Adobe structures are particularly susceptible to seismic forces due to their substantial mass and low tensile capacity. In addition, adobe is affected negatively by moisture that may penetrate from the ground or through the plaster. This paper describes the preliminary findings of an experimental program to investigate the effect of higher water content in the lower part of the wall on the wall strength behaviour under lateral loading. Lateral load tests were conducted on two quarter-scale adobe walls, one in air-dry condition (Wall 1) and another with greater water content in the lower part (Wall 2). The model walls demonstrated similar behaviour during loading in terms of deflections; however, the higher water content in the lower part had a significant effect on the wall strength. The in-plane (lateral) load capacity of Wall 2 was approximately 74% of the capacity of Wall 1.

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hafiz Muhammad Rashid ◽  
Shaukat Ali Khan ◽  
Rao Arsalan Khushnood ◽  
Junaid Ahmad

This article describes Dhajji Dewari which is a non-engineered traditional construction method mostly used in the northern parts of Pakistan. This method consists of a timber frame filled with the stones in a mud slurry. This article is aimed to assess the effects of different infills on the lateral load capacity of Dhajji Dewari. For this purpose, three full scale Dhajji Dewari panels were constructed and unidirectional in-plane lateral load was applied. One panel was without infill, two other panels with different type of infills. Results of the experimentation showed that the infill presence effects the lateral load resisting performance of the Dhajji Dewari.


1985 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 104-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. K. Malhotra ◽  
B. Thomas

An experimental program, exploratory in nature, has been carried out to investigate the effect of interface gap on the load–slip behaviour of joints fabricated with multiple nails. In total, 320 joint specimens have been tested. Modification factors are developed to account for the effects of number of nails and interface gap on the overall load-carrying capacity of joints with multiple nails. The current practice for the design of nailed joints is that a joint fastened together with multiple nails in a row, regardless of the interface characteristics of that joint, carries lateral load equal to the product of the lateral-load capacity of the corresponding joint with a single nail and the number of nails in a row of the joint. The findings of this investigation indicate this practice to be somewhat of an overestimation of the overall capacity of the joint. Key words: design, interface gap, interface friction, joint slip, loads (forces), modification factors, multiple fasteners, nailed joints, stiffness, structural engineering, tests, timber construction.


2021 ◽  
Vol 1203 (3) ◽  
pp. 032117
Author(s):  
Hernán Ordoñez ◽  
Pedro Angumba

Abstract The tapial is part of the traditional construction worldwide, which uses environmentally friendly materials of natural origin such as raw earth, wood and water for its manufacture. The construction technique was used for the construction of habitable spaces, which are part of the ancestral construction system of our country; Despite the above, no updated studies on the costs required in the construction process have been identified in Ecuador. This is mainly due to the constant development of new technologies that introduce new construction systems to the market that use industrialized materials for their manufacture. Therefore, this document evaluated and analyzed the unit prices of the items involved in the construction of works using mud as its main component. Field and exploratory research was applied, through the application of surveys to a sample of 97 professionals of Civil Engineering and Architecture in the city of Cuenca, as well as 30 professionals with experience in construction of the indicated construction system. The Unit Price Analysis determined that the average cost of a 140 m2 typical house is $ 46,236.64 with an estimated cost of $ 330.26 per square meter; Similarly, the study determined a maximum cost of $ 53,172.14 USD with a value of $ 379.80 USD per square meter and a minimum value that represents $ 39,301.14 with a cost per square meter of $ 280.72.


1979 ◽  
Vol 105 (8) ◽  
pp. 969-985
Author(s):  
Kul Bhushan ◽  
Patrick T. Fong ◽  
Steven C. Haley
Keyword(s):  

1970 ◽  
Vol 96 (5) ◽  
pp. 1583-1604 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Alizadeh ◽  
M. T. Davisson

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Cerqueira Rogerio

RESUMO: Apresenta-se neste trabalho a solução adotada para execução das fundações do Parque de Usina Eólica localizado no Ceará, com a utilização das estacas injetadas autoperfurantes, executadas em presença de solos arenosos. No qual consiste em perfurar o solo com altíssima velocidade por rotação e “pull down”, através da injeção simultânea de nata de cimento com medias pressões. Ocasionando na estaca um diâmetro final que pode obter o dobro do bit de perfuração, de acordo com o tipo de solo, gerado pelo efeito do jato da nata de cimento. Detalhando os processos executivos, verificando os aspectos técnicos e operacionais, para melhor compreender as características estruturais deste elemento. De forma a verificar “in situ” o desempenho deste novo tipo de fundação profunda, foram realizadas provas de carga, em estacas com diferentes diâmetros e comprimentos, realizadas em perfis estratigráficos de solos arenosos, para melhor avaliação de sua capacidade de carga. Analisando-se os ensaios das provas de carga interpretados a base da extrapolação da curva carga versus recalque e das previsões da capacidade de carga, obtidas por meio dos métodos semi-empíricos de correlação com ensaios de penetração (SPT), avaliando os padrões de execução desta tipologia de estaca injetada para comunidade geotécnica. ABSTRACT: This paper aims to establish the selected solution to except the foundations of the Wind Energy Park in Ceará (Brazil), with an executive methodology of the self-drilling injection piles framed in loco in Sandy soil. In which the soil drilling is done with the highest speed by rotation and pull down, through the simultaneous injection of grouting with medium pressures. This kind of drilling causes in the pile a final diameter that can get the double bore bit, according to the type of soil, done by the grouting blast. The executive processes are detailed as a whole, and also presenting the pile materials composition, in order to understand the structural characteristics of this element. To verify the performance of this new kind of deep drilling, instrumentations were done: settlement control and load tests in constructions with different structural characteristics, in self-drilling injected piles with different diameters and length, done in stratigraphical sandy, for a better evaluation of its load capacity. Analyzing the essays of load tests interpreted in the basis of curve extrapolation load versus settlement and the previsions of the load capacity, obtained by semi-empirical methods correlating with the penetrations methods (SPT), offering information to the geotechnical community.


2021 ◽  
Vol 44 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Silvio Heleno de Abreu Vieira ◽  
Francisco R. Lopes

Dynamic formulae are a widely used expedient for the control of driven piles to ensure load capacity. These formulae have considerable limitations when used in the prediction of the load capacity on their own, but are very useful in the control of a piling when combined with other tests. This technical note presents an evaluation of the Danish Formula for 54 precast concrete piles, comparing its results with High Strain Dynamic Tests (HSDTs), Static Load Tests (SLTs) and predictions by a semi-empirical static method (Aoki & Velloso, 1975). The data used in the comparison come from three works in the city of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. All piles were driven with free-fall hammers and in one particular work the piles were relatively short. The predictions of the Danish Formula were evaluated in relation to the pile length/diameter ratio. It was concluded that for short piles - with lengths less than 30 times the diameter - this formula indicates bearing capacities higher than the actual ones. A correction for a safe use of the Danish Formula for short piles is suggested.


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