Instrumented Health Monitoring of an Earth Dam

This work evaluates the stability of the Boostan earth dam by investigating its long-term performance and interpreting the measured data. To measure the dam response, several sensitive locations are instrumented. This process includes measuring various quantities such as pore water pressure, water level, and internal stress ratios using inspection devices such as ordinary and Casagrande piezometers, and total pressure cells. The recorded data shows that the pore pressure is in good agreement with the initial (stable) design condition. The installed piezometers show that the drainage is efficient, and the water table in the body is adequate. The instrument also shows a reasonable horizontal stress in the dam body. Overall, the condition of the case study dam is assessed to be normal. The results of this case report can be used as a guide in similar dams for instrumented health monitoring.

Download Full-text

PERENCANAAN TUBUH BENDUNGANAIR LUAS KABUPATEN KAUR PROVINSI BENGKULU

Inersia, Jurnal Teknik Sipil ◽

10.33369/ijts.9.1.23-37 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 23-37

Author(s):

Robet Firmansyah ◽

Besperi Besperi ◽

Muhammad Fauzi

Keyword(s):

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Water Pressure ◽

The Body ◽

Rockfill Dam ◽

Discharge Plan ◽

Downstream Slope ◽

Flow Filtration ◽

The Stability ◽

Base Elevation ◽

Filtration Capacity

The purpose of this study was to plan the dimensions of the dam body that is technically feasible to build, as well as secure the stability. Flood discharge plan used amounted to 1,152 meters cubic/ sec with a return period of 1000 years. Based on the analysis that has been done, get a plan of flood water level is + 303,22 meters, surveillance obtained high of 3,0 meters, the body of the dam crest elevation gained + 306,22 meters high dam that is obtained by subtracting the height elevation of the peak body dam with a base elevation of the dam is 56,16 meters, width of the dam crest beacon of 11.0 meters, rockfill the upstream slope of 1:3 and for rockfill downstream slope is 1: 2,.25. Using the scheme of depression line formation with drainage leg with a graphic way, do not occur out of the body dam seepage and flow filtration capacity value of the calculation, Q = 9,553 x 10-5 meters cubic / sec, smallest than 2% Qinflow mean = 5,785 mmeters cubic / sec, dam secure against flow filtration. The stability of the main dam of landslide with the value of safety factor in a variety of conditions, namely dams both empty and fully charged in a normal state or an earthquake, for rockfill dam by calculating the weight of the dam, sliding moment, pore water pressure and earthquake loads. Using the method of slices Fellenius glide plane, the value obtained above safe rate (1,2), the planneddam safety to landslides

Download Full-text

ANALISIS REMBESAN TERHADAP KEAMANAN BENDUNGAN KEDUNG OMBO DI GROBOGAN, JAWA TENGAH

Jurnal Teknik Hidraulik ◽

10.32679/jth.v12i2.657 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

pp. 79-92

Author(s):

Rais Buldan ◽

Suharyanto Suharyanto ◽

Najib Najib ◽

Kresno Wikan Sadono

Keyword(s):

Pore Water ◽

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Good Condition ◽

Condition Index ◽

The Body ◽

Embankment Dam ◽

Safety Level ◽

Human Needs ◽

The Stability

A dam, besides having a great benefits to meet human needs, it also can be a big disaster in addition to the dam collapsing. One of the main causes of failure of an embankment dam is the occurrence of excessive seepage which triggers piping events that can disturb the stability and safety of the dam. In general, the body of the Kedung Ombo Dam is in good condition, but there are several problems, such as the drain holes that are overgrown with dense grass which indicates that seepage has occurred. Therefore, it is necessary to evaluate the seepage to determine the safety level of the Kedung Ombo Dam. This study aims to analyze the condition of pore water pressure and seepage that occurs in the body of the Kedung Ombo Dam and to determine the level of safety of the dam body. The analyze was carried out using seepage monitoring instruments installed on the dam, namely the Piezometer and V-Notch at the Kedung Ombo Dam in 2021. Based on the results of the analysis, it was found that the pore water pressure and seepage discharge that occurred in the Kedung Ombo Dam were generally still within the permissible limits. According to the analysis results of the seepage index, the highest QI value is 0.09 at the maximum flood water level of +95 m, where the safety criteria for the seepage index is QI <1. Therefore it indicates that the seepage condition index at the Kedung Ombo Dam are still in a safe condition.Keywords: pore water pressure, seepage, piezometer, V-Notch, seepage index

Download Full-text

Integrated Simulation Modeling Approach for Investigating Pore Water Pressure Induced Landslides

10.21203/rs.3.rs-1186263/v1 ◽

2022 ◽

Author(s):

Sahila Beegum ◽

P J Jainet ◽

Dawn Emil ◽

K P Sudheer ◽

Saurav Das

Keyword(s):

Pore Water ◽

Factor Of Safety ◽

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Simulation Models ◽

Integrated Simulation ◽

Hill Slope ◽

Slope Factor ◽

The Stability ◽

The Hill

Abstract Soil pore water pressure analysis is crucial for understanding landslide initiation and prediction. However, field-scale transient pore water pressure measurements are complex. This study investigates the integrated application of simulation models (HYDRUS-2D/3D and GeoStudio–Slope/W) to analyze pore water pressure-induced landslides. The proposed methodology is illustrated and validated using a case study (landslide in India, 2018). Model simulated pore water pressure was correlated with the stability of hillslope, and simulation results were found to be co-aligned with the actual landslide that occurred in 2018. Simulations were carried out for natural and modified hill slope geometry in the study area. The volume of water in the hill slope, temporal and spatial evolution of pore water pressure, and factor of safety were analysed. Results indicated higher stability in natural hillslope (factor of safety of 1.243) compared to modified hill slope (factor of safety of 0.946) despite a higher pore water pressure in the natural hillslope. The study demonstrates the integrated applicability of the physics-based models in analyzing the stability of hill slopes under varying pore water pressure and hill slope geometry and its accuracy in predicting future landslides.

Download Full-text

Effect of Variable Confining Pressure on Cyclic Triaxial Behavior of K0-consolidated Soft Marine Clay

Civil Engineering Journal ◽

10.28991/cej-0309130 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (4) ◽

pp. 755

Author(s):

Lei Sun

Keyword(s):

Pore Water ◽

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Axial Strain ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Confining Pressure ◽

Stress Path ◽

Cyclic Stress ◽

Marine Clay ◽

Stress Ratios ◽

Variable Confining Pressure

The effect of variable confining pressure (VCP) on the cyclic deformation and cyclic pore water pressure in K0-consolidated saturated soft marine clay were investigated with the help of the cyclic stress-controlled advanced dynamic triaxial test in undrained condition. The testing program encompassed three cyclic deviator stress ratios, CSR=0.189, 0.284 and 0.379 and three stress path inclinations ηampl=3,1 and 0.64. All tests with constant confining pressure (CCP) and variable confining pressure (VCP) have identical initial stress and average stress. The results were analyzed in terms of the accumulative normalized excess pore water pressure rqu recorded at the end of each stress cycle and permanent axial strain, as well as resilient modulus. Limited data suggest that these behavior are significantly affected by both of the VCP and CSR. For a given value of VCP, both of the pore water pressure rqu and permanent axial strains are consistently increase with the increasing values of CSR. However, for a given value of CSR, the extent of the influence of VCP and the trend is substantially depend on the CSR.

Download Full-text

Measurement of xylem water pressure using High-Capacity Tensiometer and benchmarking against Pressure Chamber and Thermocouple Psychrometer

E3S Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/e3sconf/202019503014 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 195 ◽

pp. 03014

Author(s):

Roberta Dainese ◽

Giuseppe Tedeschi ◽

Thierry Fourcaud ◽

Alessandro Tarantino

Keyword(s):

Water Flow ◽

Water Pressure ◽

High Capacity ◽

Ground Surface ◽

Pressure Chamber ◽

Rainwater Infiltration ◽

Thermocouple Psychrometer ◽

Earth Structures ◽

Pressure Water ◽

The Stability

The response of the shallow portion of the ground (vadose zone) and of earth structures is affected by the interaction with the atmosphere. Rainwater infiltration and evapotranspiration affect the stability of man-made and natural slopes and cause shallow foundations and embankments to settle and heave. Very frequently, the ground surface is covered by vegetation and, as a result, transpiration plays a major role in ground-atmosphere interaction. The soil, the plant, and the atmosphere form a continuous hydraulic system, which is referred to as Soil-Plant-Atmosphere Continuum (SPAC). The SPAC actually represents the ‘boundary condition’ of the geotechnical water flow problem. Water flow in soil and plant takes place because of gradients in hydraulic head triggered by the negative water pressure (water tension) generated in the leaf stomata. To study the response of the SPAC, (negative) water pressure needs to be measured not only in the soil but also in the plant. The paper presents a novel technique to measure the xylem water pressure based on the use of the High-Capacity Tensiometer (HCT), which is benchmarked against conventional techniques for xylem water pressure measurements, i.e. the Pressure Chamber (PC) and the Thermocouple Psychrometer (TP).

Download Full-text

Environmental impact of intensive farming in sloping areas

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201817401001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 174 ◽

pp. 01001

Author(s):

Giovanni Bosco ◽

Lucia Simeoni

Keyword(s):

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Sprinkler Irrigation ◽

High Yield ◽

Qualitative And Quantitative ◽

Intensive Farming ◽

Yield Production ◽

Large Water ◽

The Stability ◽

Irrigation Runoff

The increased demand for food causes intensive farming with high yield production and large water consumption to extend significantly. Depending on soil properties, seasonal rainfall, surface drainage and water resources, hence the consumption-infiltration balance, the ground water table might be raised or depleted; soils could be saturated or remain partly saturated with negative pore pressures. As a result sloping grounds may become prone to shallow slides, as mudflows, or deep seated movements, involving large volumes of soil, especially after rupture of major watering lines or after long uncontrolled irrigations. Within this framework the paper investigates the possible effects of replacing grassland with intensive apple farming on the stability conditions of slopes. Apples require frequent watering, especially during spring and summer to meet qualitative and quantitative productive standards. Also, sprinkler irrigation is often used to protect against hail. From the precipitation, irrigation, runoff, evaporation and plant transpiration balance, the evolution of the pore water pressure distribution within an average year is calculated. Then the modified shear strength of the unsaturated-saturated soils is determined and the factor of safety against sliding is calculated.

Download Full-text

Unsaturated Seepage and Fluid-Solid Coupling Analysis of Rainfall Infiltration of Slope

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.255-260.3488 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 255-260 ◽

pp. 3488-3492

Author(s):

Bao Lin Xiong ◽

Jing Song Tang ◽

Chun Jiao Lu

Keyword(s):

Pore Water ◽

Unsaturated Flow ◽

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Rainfall Infiltration ◽

Medium Permeability ◽

Stability Of Slope ◽

Transient Seepage ◽

The Stability ◽

Unsaturated Seepage

Rainfall is one of the main factors that influence the stability of slope. Rainfall infiltration will cause soil saturation changing and further influence pore water pressure and medium permeability coefficient. Based on porous media saturation-unsaturated flow theory, the slope transient seepage field is simulated under the conditions of rainfall infiltration. It is shown that change of pore water pressure in slope soil lag behind relative changes in rainfall conditions. As the rainfall infiltrate, unsaturated zone in top half of slope become diminution, the soil suction and shear strength reduce, so stabilization of soil slope is reduced.

Download Full-text

New technique for predicting the pore water pressure and evaluating the stability of rock-fill dam during impounding

Journal of Groundwater Hydrology ◽

10.5917/jagh1987.49.3 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 49 (1) ◽

pp. 3-15

Author(s):

Yasuo YANAKA ◽

Akira TAKAHASHI ◽

Yoshinobu HOS H INO ◽

Tomokazu SUZUKI ◽

Makoto NISHIGAKI ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pore Water ◽

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Water Pressure ◽

New Technique ◽

Rock Fill ◽

The Stability

Download Full-text

Analyses for the stability of potash tailings piles

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/t93-042 ◽

1993 ◽

Vol 30 (3) ◽

pp. 491-505 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Delwyn G. Fredlund ◽

Zai Ming Zhang ◽

Karen Macdonald

Keyword(s):

Slope Stability ◽

Pore Water ◽

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Limit Equilibrium ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Field Studies ◽

Equilibrium Analysis ◽

Limit Equilibrium Analysis ◽

Dissipation Model ◽

The Stability

The stability of potash tailings piles is investigated using a pore-water pressure generation and dissipation model together with a limit equilibrium analysis. It is found that a shallow toe failure mode is generally the most applicable and that the stability may be influenced by pore-water pressure migration below the pile. It is suggested that field studies would be useful in evaluating stability in the toe region of the pile. Key words : potash tailings, slope stability, pore pressure dissipation, solutioning.

Download Full-text

ANISOTROPIC CONSOLIDATION OF LEDA CLAY

Canadian Geotechnical Journal ◽

10.1139/t69-029 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 271-286 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

L. K. Walker ◽

G. P. Raymond

Keyword(s):

Stress Ratio ◽

Pore Water Pressure ◽

Water Pressure ◽

Volumetric Strain ◽

Soil Mass ◽

Plastic Strain Increment ◽

Anisotropic Consolidation ◽

Leda Clay ◽

Stress Ratios ◽

Effective Principal

Under field loading conditions, the consolidation of a clay layer is likely to take place under effective principal stress ratios (σ1′/σ3′), which vary from point to point throughout the soil mass. From a consideration of idealized stress paths, an estimate is made of the effect of stress ratio on rates of volumetric strain and excess pore water pressure dissipation. These predictions are partly supported by data obtained from anisotropic consolidation tests on Leda clay, the major disagreements being due to the significant influence of structural cementation on the rate process.The experimentally observed rates of shear strain have been analyzed in terms of stress-dilatancy concepts. The plastic strain-increment ratio was shown to be a unique function of effective stress ratio, thus confirming the validity of previous work on remoulded clays. A theoretical prediction of this relationship postulated by Burland (1965) did not approximate to the experimental data, due probably to the influence of secondary deformations. The data did, however, show a relationship similar in form to that derived by Walker (1969) for the secondary deformation of remoulded kaolin.

Download Full-text