Egg Parasitoids Survey of Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) in Maize and Sorghum in Central Mexico

Spodoptera frugiperda (Smith) is the main maize pest in America and was recently detected as an invasive pest in some countries in Asia and Africa. Among its natural enemies presented in Mexico, Trichogramma pretiosum Riley is the only egg parasitoid used in Integrated Pest Management (IPM) programs regardless of its effectiveness. A search for natural enemies of S. frugiperda was then carried out to determine whether this parasitoid has been established, and to detect native egg parasitoids or predators associated with this pest. The sentinel technique (egg masses) was used, and then placed in maize and sorghum fields in the state of Guanajuato, Mexico. Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman and Platner, an egg parasitoid, and Chelonus insularis Cresson egg-larva parasitoid were recovered from field surveys. Among the natural enemies that preyed on eggs of S. frugiperda, we found mites of the genus Balaustium, and Dermaptera of the genus Doru, both species in great abundance. Laboratory tests were performed to compare the potential parasitism of T. atopovirilia against T. pretiosum. T. atopovirilia obtained 70.14% parasitism while T. pretiosum, 29.23%. In field cages, three doses of the parasitoids were tested. Total parasitism did not exceed 8% in any of the two species, but T. atopovirilia parasitized a greater number of hosts using two and three parasitoids per pest egg. Then, the use of Trichogramma species needs to be reevaluated in biological control programs against S. frugiperda.

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Impact of the number of Spodoptera frugiperda egg layers on parasitism by Trichogramma atopovirilia

Scientia Agricola ◽

10.1590/s0103-90162005000200016 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 62 (2) ◽

pp. 190-193 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Eduardo Barbosa Beserra ◽

José Roberto Postali Parra

Keyword(s):

Biological Control ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Fall Armyworm ◽

Egg Parasitoids ◽

Egg Masses ◽

Control Programs ◽

The Impact ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

Egg parasitoids of the genus Trichogramma (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) can be found in several crops attacking Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith, 1797) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) eggs. It is therefore necessary to demonstrate the capacity of these natural enemies in suppressing populations of the pest to allow them to be used in biological control programs against that species. This work had the objective of evaluating the impact of egg layer distribution in S. frugiperda egg masses on the parasitism capacity of Trichogramma atopovirilia Oatman & Platner, 1983. Masses containing one, two, and three layers were used as treatments, and 1.6 parasitoid per egg of the pest were released. Parasitism percentage differences were observed among the three types of masses under study, on average 66.24 ± 8.56%, 45.20 ± 6.20%, and 40.10± 3.46% for egg masses with one, two, and three layers, respectively, demonstrating the potential of use of the parasitoid for the control of fall armyworm.

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Impact of an Exotic Invasive Pest, Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), on Resident Communities of Pest and Natural Enemies in Maize Fields in Kenya

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11061074 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (6) ◽

pp. 1074

Author(s):

Bonoukpoè Mawuko Sokame ◽

Boaz Musyoka ◽

Julius Obonyo ◽

François Rebaudo ◽

Elfatih M. Abdel-Rahman ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Fall Armyworm ◽

Invasive Pest ◽

Growth Stages ◽

Insect Communities ◽

Exotic Invasive Species ◽

Before And After ◽

Exotic Invasive ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

The interactions among insect communities influence the composition of pest complexes that attack crops and, in parallel, their natural enemies, which regulate their abundance. The lepidopteran stemborers have been the major maize pests in Kenya. Their population has been regulated by natural enemies, mostly parasitoids, some of which have been used for biological control. It is not known how a new exotic invasive species, such as the fall armyworm (FAW), Spodoptera frugiperda (Lepidoptera, Noctuidae), may affect the abundance and parasitism of the resident stemborers. For this reason, pest and parasitism surveys have been conducted, before and after the FAW invaded Kenya, in maize fields in 40 localities across 6 agroecological zones (AEZs) during the maize-growing season, as well as at 3 different plant growth stages (pre-tasseling, reproductive, and senescence stages) in 2 elevations at mid-altitude, where all maize stemborer species used to occur together. Results indicated that the introduction of the FAW significantly correlated with the reduction of the abundance of the resident communities of maize stemborers and parasitoids in maize fields; moreover, the decrease of stemborer density after the arrival of FAW occurred mostly at both reproductive and senescent maize stages. It also suggests a possible displacement of stemborers by FAW elsewhere; for example, to other cereals. However, since this study was conducted only three years after the introduction of the FAW, further studies will need to be conducted to confirm such displacements.

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Natural Enemies of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae), a Recent Invasive Pest on Maize in South India

Florida Entomologist ◽

10.1653/024.102.0335 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 102 (3) ◽

pp. 619 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Sharanabasappa , ◽

C. M. Kalleshwaraswamy ◽

J. Poorani ◽

M. S. Maruthi ◽

H. B. Pavithra ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

South India ◽

Invasive Pest ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae

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Biology and life table of Trichogramma chilotraeae, Egg parasitoids of Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

IOP Conference Series Earth and Environmental Science ◽

10.1088/1755-1315/948/1/012044 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 948 (1) ◽

pp. 012044

Author(s):

L Sari ◽

N Maryana ◽

P Hidayat

Keyword(s):

Natural Enemies ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Intrinsic Rate ◽

Egg Parasitoid ◽

Reproductive Capacity ◽

Invasive Pest ◽

Intrinsic Rate Of Increase ◽

Reproduction Rate ◽

Rate Of Increase ◽

Net Reproduction

Abstract Spodoptera frugiperda is a species of armyworm that attacks maize crops globally and is a dangerous new invasive pest in Indonesia. Biological control, which employs natural enemies, is one method of controlling this pest. One of the natural enemies found in the field is the egg parasitoid of the Trichogrammatidae family. This study aimed to determine the reproductive capacity of the parasitoid on S. frugiperda eggs. The tested parasitoids were collected from S. frugiperda eggs on corn cultivations in Tenjolaya Village, Bogor Regency, West Java Province. The identification results showed that the parasitoid species used in this study was Trichogramma chilotraeae. The development periods of eggs, first instar larvae, second instar larvae, and pupae in the laboratory were 1.16 days, 1.18 days, 1.39 days, and 3.28 days, respectively. The reproductive capacity of T. chilotraeae on S. frugiperda eggs, referred to as the net reproduction rate (Ro), was 28.13, gross reproduction rate (GRR) was 30.43. the average time for one generation (T) was 9.07. The intrinsic rate of increase (r) was 5.54, and Doubling time (DT) was 1.88. Thus, the egg parasitoid of T. chilotraeae was not very effective as a potential biological agent for S. frugiperda.

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Serangan hama invasif Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) pada tanaman jagung di Kabupaten Ende Flores, Indonesia

Jurnal Entomologi Indonesia ◽

10.5994/jei.18.2.153 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (2) ◽

pp. 153-158

Author(s):

Yustina MSW Pu'u ◽

◽

Charly Mutiara ◽

Keyword(s):

Geographic Distribution ◽

Natural Enemies ◽

Spodoptera Frugiperda ◽

Population Level ◽

Growing Season ◽

Invasive Pest ◽

Pest Population ◽

June July ◽

Lepidoptera Noctuidae ◽

Attack Intensity

Corn is the main commodity in Ende Regency. One of the obstacles faced by farmers at the end of 2019 was the attack of the armyworm Spodoptera frugiperda (J. E. Smith) (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) which is an invasive pest. Information about its spread in Flores are lacking. Therefore the aim of this research is to conduct a survey on the geographic distribution of S. frugiperda during the growing season of June–July 2020 in Flores, its infestation, and the presence of natural enemies. Observations were made on 200 sample plants in each of the 5 location. Calculations were made on the population level and intensity of attack. The intensity of the attack was measured using the Davis scale. The results showed that the pest population and attack intensity of S. frugiperda in the Rewarangga village was 8.15 individuals/plant and 76%, Lokoboko was 1.32 individuals/plant and 34%, Nanganesa was 2.48 individuals/plant and 51%, Rewarangga amounted to 5.96 individuals/plant and 55%, and Borokanda 3.31 individuals/plant and 42%. The natural enemies of S. frugiperda have not been found in the field.

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