scholarly journals Is Male Sex A Prognostic Factor in Papillary Thyroid Cancer?

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 2438
Author(s):  
Aleksandra Gajowiec ◽  
Anna Chromik ◽  
Kinga Furga ◽  
Alicja Skuza ◽  
Danuta Gąsior-Perczak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Predictive Factor ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Initial Therapy ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Male Sex

Identifying risk factors is crucial for predicting papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with severe course, which causes a clinical problem. The purpose of this study was to assess whether male sex can be such a predictive factor and to verify whether including it as a predictive factor of high initial risk of recurrence/persistence would help to enhance the value of the American Thyroid Association initial risk stratification system (ATA). We retrospectively analyzed 1547 PTC patients (1358 females and 189 males), treated from 1986 to 2018. The relationship between sex and clinicopathological features, response to therapy, and disease status was assessed. Men with PTC showed some adverse clinicopathological features more often than women, including angioinvasion, lymph node metastases, and tumor size > 40 mm. There were sex-related disparities with respect to response to initial therapy and final follow-up. Male sex is associated with some unfavorable clinicopathological features of PTC, which may affect response to initial therapy or final disease status. In our study, modification of the ATA system by including male sex as a risk factor does not enhance its value. Thus, further studies are needed to assess whether males require treatment modalities or oncological follow-up protocols that are different from those of females.

scholarly journals Low urinary iodine is a protective factor of central lymph node metastasis in papillary thyroid cancer: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyang Zeng ◽  
Kang Li ◽  
Xianze Wang ◽  
Siwen Ouyang ◽  
Zimu Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Protective Factor ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Clinicopathological Features ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Central Lymph Node ◽  
High Iodine ◽  
Central Lymph

Abstract Background An abrupt increase of thyroid cancer has been witnessed paralleling the supplemented iodine intake in formerly iodine-deficient countries. And increased iodine intake has been linked to the rising incidence rate of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). However, the correlation between iodine and clinicopathological features of PTC has not been well-characterized. This study aimed to investigate the associations between iodine intake and the clinicopathological features of PTC patients. Methods Three hundred and fifty-nine PTC patients who received surgical treatment in Peking Union Medical College Hospital from May 2015 to November 2020 were retrospectively reviewed. The associations between urinary iodine (UI), urinary iodine/creatinine ratio (UI/U-Cr), and the clinicopathological features of PTC were analyzed. Univariate and multivariate analysis were performed to investigate the relationship between UI level and central lymph node metastasis (CLNM). Results There were no significant differences in UI in different groups according to the variables studied, except that patients with CLNM had higher UI level than CLNM(−) patients. No associations were found between UI/U-Cr and clinicopathological features except variant subtypes (classic/follicular). After dividing patients into high-iodine group and low-iodine group, more patients were found to have CLNM in the high-iodine group (p = 0.02). In addition, younger age, larger tumor size, and classic variant were positively correlated with CLNM (p < 0.05). Univariate analysis showed that insufficient iodine intake (≤ 99 μg/L) was associated with decreased CLNM risk in PTC. And after defining insufficient iodine intake as ≤ 109 μg/L and above requirements as ≥ 190 μg/L, multivariate analysis showed that lower iodine was associated with CLNM in total population of PTC (OR 0.53, 95% CI 0.31–0.91) and in PTC < 1 cm (papillary thyroid microcarcinoma, PTMC) (OR 0.43, 95% CI 0.21–0.87). Conclusions Low iodine was a protective factor for CLNM in papillary thyroid cancer, particularly in those < 1 cm. These results indicated that iodine may not only be an initiator of tumorigenesis, but also a promoter of the development of PTC.

Thyroglobulin antibody levels do not predict disease status in papillary thyroid cancer

2014 ◽  
Vol 81 (2) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Smooke-Praw ◽  
Kevin Ro ◽  
Olga Levin ◽  
Philip H. G. Ituarte ◽  
Avital Harari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Thyroglobulin Antibody ◽  
Antibody Levels

Abstract 730: Annual hazard rate of recurrence in Middle-Eastern papillary thyroid cancer over a long-term follow-up

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abdul K. Siraj ◽  
Sandeep K. Parvathareddy ◽  
Zeeshan Qadri ◽  
Saud Azam ◽  
Felisa De Vera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Hazard Rate ◽  
Middle Eastern ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Long Term Follow Up

Male Patients With Papillary Thyroid Cancer Have a Higher Risk of Extranodal Extension

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hu Hei ◽  
Bin Zhou ◽  
Wenbo Gong ◽  
Chen Zheng ◽  
Jianwu Qin
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Underlying Mechanism ◽  
Clinicopathological Factors ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Extranodal Extension ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Male Patients ◽  
Male Sex

Abstract Purpose: There is a sex disparity in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Male sex is associated with a higher likelihood of advanced stage disease. This study aimed to examine the significance of sex for extranodal extension (ENE) in PTC. Patients and Methods: We reviewed the data of PTC patients who had undergone initial surgical resection from July 2012 to December 2014 (N = 1531). The effects of sex and other clinicopathological factors on ENE were investigated.Results: Of 1531 patients identified, 377 (24.6%) were male, 816 (53.3%) had positive nodes, and 256 (16.7%) had ENE. Compared with female patients, male patients had a higher risk of ENE (P < 0.001). Multivariable analysis of clinicopathological factors revealed that male sex (odds ratio [OR], 1.98; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.37 - 2.87; P < 0.001), age older than 60 years (OR, 1.93; 95% CI, 1.08 - 3.35; P = 0.023), extrathyroidal extension (OR, 3.52; 95% CI, 2.42 - 5.14; P < 0.001), bilateral multifocality (OR, 2.18; 95% CI, 1.53 - 3.13; P < 0.001), and more positive nodes were significantly associated with increased risk of ENE. Patients with 6-10 positive nodes were 16.45-fold higher to have ENE than patients with 5 positive nodes or less (95% CI, 11.07 - 24.68; P < 0.001).Conclusion: Male PTC patients had a higher risk of ENE than female. Sex was an independent predictor of ENE. The underlying mechanism needs to be investigated further.

scholarly journals MON-533 Diffuse Sclerosing Variant Papillary Thyroid Cancer: Clinical and Histopathological Features, Mutational Profile, Management and Outcome

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Abeer Abdulhadi Aljomaiah ◽  
Yosra Moria ◽  
Nora Aldaej ◽  
Meshael Alswailem ◽  
Ali Saeed Alzahrani
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Lymph Node ◽  
Molecular Genetics ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
The Other ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Histopathological Features ◽  
Diffuse Sclerosing Variant

Abstract Diffuse sclerosing variant (DSV) is a rare subtype of papillary thyroid cancer (PTC). Whether it represents a higher grade subtype than conventional PTC is not quite clear. Furthermore, there are limited data on its long-term outcome and its molecular genetics. In this report, we studied all cases of DSV PTC seen at our center during the last 20 years. Out of more than 6000 patients (pts) with differentiated thyroid cancer, only 37 were DSV. We reviewed the clinical and histopathological features, management and outcome of these cases. In addition, molecular genetics is partially achieved; 17 out of these 37 cases have been genotyped for BRAFV600E, TERT promotor mutations, NRAS, HRAS and KRAS mutations. The molecular profiling of the other 20 cases is being done. A total of 37 pts were studied {(12 Males:25 Females, median age 21 years (8-89)}. One pt had lobectomy and the other 36 pts (97.3%) had a total thyroidectomy. Central only (4 pts) or central/lateral lymph node dissection (29 pts) were performed. The median tumor size was 4.5 cm (1.5-8.1). The tumor was multifocal in 27 cases (73%), with extrathyroidal invasion in 27 (73%) and lymphovascular invasion in 24 pts (64.8%). A background lymphocytic thyroiditis was present in 12 pts (32.4%). Lymph node metastases were present in 34 pts (92%) and distant metastases in 13 pts (35%). The sites of metastasis are lungs in 12 pts (32.4%) and lungs and bone in 1 pt. Twenty pts (54.1%) were in TNM8 stage 1, 10 pts (27%) in stage 2, 1 (2.7%) in stage 4a, 3 (8.1%) in stage 4b and 3 unstageable. The ATA risk classification for these pts was 4 pts (10.8%) in low, 12 (32.4%) in intermediate, 19 (51.4%) in high-risk groups and 2 could not be assessed. I-131 was administered to 33 pts (89.2%). The median administered activity was 136 mCi (46-218). Fifteen pts (40.5%) received additional therapies (3 surgeries, 7 RAI, 5 surgeries, and RAI). In 17 pts (46%) which were genotyped, only 3 tumors (8.1%) had BRAFV600E mutation, 1 (2.7%) had TERT promotor C228T mutation and none had RAS mutations. At the last follow up, 15 pts (40.5%) achieved an excellent response, 9 (24%) an indeterminate response, 6 (16.2%) with a structural disease, and 7 (19%) were lost for follow up. Conclusion: DSV PTC is a rare variant, occurs mostly in adolescent and young pts, characterized by aggressive histopathological features and high rates of lymph node and distant metastases but the commonly reported mutations in PTC are rare in DSV and mortality is absent.

scholarly journals Detection of BRAFV600E in Liquid Biopsy from Patients with Papillary Thyroid Cancer Is Associated with Tumor Aggressiveness and Response to Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 2481
Author(s):  
Kirk Jensen ◽  
Shilpa Thakur ◽  
Aneeta Patel ◽  
Maria Cecilia Mendonca-Torres ◽  
John Costello ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Liquid Biopsy ◽  
Digital Pcr ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Primary Tumors ◽  
Promising Tool ◽  
Increased Risk

The detection of rare mutational targets in plasma (liquid biopsy) has emerged as a promising tool for the assessment of patients with cancer. We determined the presence of cell-free DNA containing the BRAFV600E mutations (cfBRAFV600E) in plasma samples from 57 patients with papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) with somatic BRAFV600E mutation-positive primary tumors using microfluidic digital PCR, and co-amplification at lower denaturation temperature (COLD) PCR. Mutant cfBRAFV600E alleles were detected in 24/57 (42.1%) of the examined patients. The presence of cfBRAFV600E was significantly associated with tumor size (p = 0.03), multifocal patterns of growth (p = 0.03), the presence of extrathyroidal gross extension (p = 0.02) and the presence of pulmonary micrometastases (p = 0.04). In patients with low-, intermediate- and high-risk PTCs, cfBRAFV600E was detected in 4/19 (21.0%), 8/22 (36.3%) and 12/16 (75.0%) of cases, respectively. Patients with detectable cfBRAFV600E were characterized by a 4.68 times higher likelihood of non-excellent response to therapy, as compared to patients without detectable cfBRAFV600E (OR (odds ratios), 4.68; 95% CI (confidence intervals)) 1.26–17.32; p = 0.02). In summary, the combination of digital polymerase chain reaction (dPCR) with COLD-PCR enables the detection of BRAFV600E in the liquid biopsy from patients with PTCs and could prove useful for the identification of patients with PTC at an increased risk for a structurally or biochemically incomplete or indeterminate response to treatment.

scholarly journals Changes of serum midkine as a dynamic prognostic factor to monitor disease status in papillary thyroid cancer

Medicine ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 97 (36) ◽  
pp. e12242 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ning Li ◽  
Chunmei Zhang ◽  
Zhaowei Meng ◽  
Ke Xu ◽  
Xianghui He ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Prognostic Factor ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Disease Status ◽  
Papillary Thyroid

scholarly journals Impact of BRAF V600E and TERT Promoter Mutations on Response to Therapy in Papillary Thyroid Cancer

Endocrinology ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 160 (10) ◽  
pp. 2328-2338 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tomasz Trybek ◽  
Agnieszka Walczyk ◽  
Danuta Gąsior-Perczak ◽  
Iwona Pałyga ◽  
Estera Mikina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Response To Therapy ◽  
Braf V600e ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Tumor Node Metastasis ◽  
Node Metastasis ◽  
Tert Promoter ◽  
Tert Promoter Mutations ◽  
Promoter Mutations

Abstract In this study, we examined the relationship between coexisting BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations in papillary thyroid cancer (PTC) and response to therapy. PTC cases (n = 568) with known BRAF and TERT status, diagnosed from 2000 to 2012 and actively monitored at one institution, were reviewed retrospectively. Associations between BRAF V600E and TERT promoter mutations and clinicopathological features, Tumor-Node-Metastasis stage, initial risk, response to therapy, follow-up, and final disease outcome were assessed according to American Thyroid Association 2015 criteria and the American Joint Committee on Cancer/Tumor-Node-Metastasis (8th edition) staging system. Median follow-up was 120 months. TERT promoter mutations (any type) were detected in 13.5% (77/568) of PTC cases with known BRAF status. The C228T and C250T TERT hotspot mutations were found in 54 (9.5%) and 23 (4%) patients, respectively, and 22 other TERT promoter alterations were identified. Coexisting BRAF V600E and TERT hotspot promoter mutations were detected in 9.5% (54/568) of patients, and significantly associated with older patient age (P = 0.001), gross extrathyroidal extension (P = 0.003), tumor stage pT3-4 (P = 0.005), stage II to IV (P = 0.019), intermediate or high initial risk (P = 0.003), worse than excellent response to primary therapy (P = 0.045), recurrence (P = 0.015), and final outcome of no remission (P = 0.014). We conclude that coexisting BRAF V600E and TERT mutations in patients with PTC are associated with poor initial prognostic factors and clinical course and may be useful for predicting a worse response to therapy, recurrence, and poorer outcome than in patients without the above mutations.

scholarly journals Splenectomy for Solitary Splenic Metastasis in Recurrent Papillary Thyroid Cancer. A Case Report and Literature Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Antonio Maffuz-Aziz ◽  
Gabriel Garnica ◽  
Silvia López-Hernández ◽  
Janet Pineda-Diaz ◽  
Javier Baquera-Heredia ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Papillary Thyroid Cancer ◽  
Lung Metastases ◽  
The United States ◽  
Central Neck Dissection ◽  
Splenic Metastasis ◽  
Papillary Thyroid ◽  
Rare Manifestation ◽  
Tall Cell

Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy, presenting with 23 500 new cases per year in the United States. About 7-23% of the patients will present recurrent metastases disease during follow-up. The classic variant of papillary carcinoma is less aggressive compared to its other variants like diffuse sclerosing, tall cell or columnar cell, and insular variants, and the sites to which this metastasizes is already well identified. Metastasis to the spleen is an extremely rare manifestation of papillary thyroid cancer. To date, only 3 cases have been reported in the literature. Herein, we present a 52-year-old male, who developed spleen metastases, 2.4 years after total thyroidectomy and central neck dissection followed by radioactive iodine ablation and seven months after treatment with sorafenib for lung metastases. The splenic lesion was detected in surveillance studies. This case highlights that splenic metastasis, although rare, may occur even in a patient with a locoregional and systemic controlled thyroid cancer and that it can be treated safely with surgical resection.

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