Low-Intensity Continuous Ultrasound Therapies—A Systemic Review of Current State-of-the-Art and Future Perspectives

Therapeutic ultrasound has been studied for over seven decades for different medical applications. The versatility of ultrasound applications are highly dependent on the frequency, intensity, duration, duty cycle, power, wavelength, and form. In this review article, we will focus on low-intensity continuous ultrasound (LICUS). LICUS has been well-studied for numerous clinical disorders, including tissue regeneration, pain management, neuromodulation, thrombosis, and cancer treatment. PubMed and Google Scholar databases were used to conduct a comprehensive review of all research studying the application of LICUS in pre-clinical and clinical studies. The review includes articles that specify intensity and duty cycle (continuous). Any studies that did not identify these parameters or used high-intensity and pulsed ultrasound were not included in the review. The literature review shows the vast implication of LICUS in many medical fields at the pre-clinical and clinical levels. Its applications depend on variables such as frequency, intensity, duration, and type of medical disorder. Overall, these studies show that LICUS has significant promise, but conflicting data remain regarding the parameters used, and further studies are required to fully realize the potential benefits of LICUS.

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A influência da irradiação ultrassônica de baixa intensidade em cultura de células fibroblásticas

Manual Therapy Posturology & Rehabilitation Journal ◽

10.17784/mtprehabjournal.2015.13.306 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 13 ◽

pp. 306

Author(s):

Larissa Dragonetti Bertin ◽

Deise Aparecida Almeida Pires-Oliveira ◽

Priscila Daniela Oliveira ◽

Juliana Almeida Serpeloni ◽

Stheace Kelly Fernandes Szezerbaty ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Duty Cycle ◽

Healing Process ◽

Control Group ◽

Mitochondrial Activity ◽

Fibroblast Cells ◽

Pulse Regime ◽

Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity

Introduction: In vitro and in vivo put in evidence that the Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound therapy exerts a significant influence on cell function (cytoskeleton organization, stimulation of mitochondrial activity, ATP levels and plasma membrane). Objective: This study will analyze the radiation of low intensity pulsed ultrasound in fibroblast cells L 929. Method: In this study are presented the data from each exposure group average and standard deviation in each moment of evaluation (24 hours, 48 hours and 72 hours). The control group (received no radiation), 0.2 W/cm2 with 10% pulse regime (1: 9 duty cycle), 0.2 W / cm2 with 20% pulse regime (2: 8 cycle work), 0.4 W/cm2 with pulse scheme 10% (1: 9 duty cycle), 0.4 W/cm2 with pulse scheme 20% (2: 8 duty cycle). The analyzes will be performed through optical microscopy, MTT method 3 - (4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl) -2,5 diphenyl tetrazolium bromide, within the incubation times of 24, 48 and 72 hours. Results: Given the above study, the results presented in this project will be directed to increase the stimulation process and proliferation of fibroblast cells from the pulsed ultrasonic irradiation of low intensity, correlating with the healing process, neovascularization and repair. Conclusion: Therefore, the study of the effect of ultrasound from cell culture provides us with a simple and informative model on the significant aspects of the use of physical therapy in vivo system.

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Faculty Opinions recommendation of Effects and Mechanisms of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound for Chronic Prostatitis and Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome.

Faculty Opinions – Post-Publication Peer Review of the Biomedical Literature ◽

10.3410/f.726483280.793536472 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Jaspreet Sandhu

Keyword(s):

Pelvic Pain ◽

Chronic Prostatitis ◽

Chronic Pelvic Pain ◽

Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome ◽

Pain Syndrome ◽

Pelvic Pain Syndrome ◽

Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity

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Improved activity of MC3T3-E1 cells by the exciting piezoelectric BaTiO3/TC4 using low-intensity pulsed ultrasound

Bioactive Materials ◽

10.1016/j.bioactmat.2021.04.016 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 6 (11) ◽

pp. 4073-4082

Author(s):

Kunzhan Cai ◽

Yilai Jiao ◽

Quan Quan ◽

Yulin Hao ◽

Jie Liu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity

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Development and Validation of Low-Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound Systems for Highly Controlled in vitro Cell Stimulation

Ultrasonics ◽

10.1016/j.ultras.2021.106495 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106495

Author(s):

F. Fontana ◽

F. Iberite ◽

A. Cafarelli ◽

A. Aliperta ◽

G. Baldi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Cell Stimulation ◽

Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Development And Validation

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The European Green Capital Award—Is It a Dream or Reality for Belgrade (Serbia)?

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13116182 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (11) ◽

pp. 6182

Author(s):

Marijana Pantić ◽

Saša Milijić

Keyword(s):

Urban Transformation ◽

The Other ◽

Transmission Of Knowledge ◽

Current State ◽

Transitional Countries ◽

Great Hope ◽

Environmentally Responsible ◽

Potential Benefits ◽

The City ◽

Insight Into

An agreement of cooperation and transmission of knowledge regarding the nomination for the European Green Capital Award (EGCA) was signed between the mayors of Belgrade and Ljubljana (EGCA 2016 winner) in September 2018. The candidacy of Belgrade was finally realized in October 2019. Great hope was placed in this endeavour because internationally recognized awards, such as the EGCA, represent enormous capital for both the city and the state. The EGCA requires serious preparation and significant fulfilment of preconditions. Many economically strong and environmentally responsible cities competed for the award, but did not win. On the other hand, the capital of Serbia does not appear to be an obvious winning candidate, especially as it is differentiated from the previous winners by being a non-EU city and by the fact that it is still undergoing an intense urban transformation, characteristic of transitional countries. Therefore, the main aim of this article is to present a review of the current state of Belgrade’s environmental qualities and its comparison with the EGCA criteria and with Grenoble as one of the winning competitors. The article gives a full overview of the EGCA requirements with certain details on required indicators, gives relevant insight into the procedure, which could be of use for any future candidacy, and discusses potential benefits for winners, losers and repeat candidacies.

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Osteocytes as main responders to low-intensity pulsed ultrasound treatment during fracture healing

Scientific Reports ◽

10.1038/s41598-021-89672-9 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Tatsuya Shimizu ◽

Naomasa Fujita ◽

Kiyomi Tsuji-Tamura ◽

Yoshimasa Kitagawa ◽

Toshiaki Fujisawa ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Fracture Healing ◽

Transcriptional Control ◽

Target Genes ◽

Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Activated T Cells ◽

In Vivo Models ◽

Low Intensity Pulsed Ultrasound ◽

Low Intensity ◽

Ultrasound Stimulation

AbstractUltrasound stimulation is a type of mechanical stress, and low-intensity pulsed ultrasound (LIPUS) devices have been used clinically to promote fracture healing. However, it remains unclear which skeletal cells, in particular osteocytes or osteoblasts, primarily respond to LIPUS stimulation and how they contribute to fracture healing. To examine this, we utilized medaka, whose bone lacks osteocytes, and zebrafish, whose bone has osteocytes, as in vivo models. Fracture healing was accelerated by ultrasound stimulation in zebrafish, but not in medaka. To examine the molecular events induced by LIPUS stimulation in osteocytes, we performed RNA sequencing of a murine osteocytic cell line exposed to LIPUS. 179 genes reacted to LIPUS stimulation, and functional cluster analysis identified among them several molecular signatures related to immunity, secretion, and transcription. Notably, most of the isolated transcription-related genes were also modulated by LIPUS in vivo in zebrafish. However, expression levels of early growth response protein 1 and 2 (Egr1, 2), JunB, forkhead box Q1 (FoxQ1), and nuclear factor of activated T cells c1 (NFATc1) were not altered by LIPUS in medaka, suggesting that these genes are key transcriptional regulators of LIPUS-dependent fracture healing via osteocytes. We therefore show that bone-embedded osteocytes are necessary for LIPUS-induced promotion of fracture healing via transcriptional control of target genes, which presumably activates neighboring cells involved in fracture healing processes.

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