scholarly journals A Comparison of Hyper-Reflective Retinal Spot Counts in Optical Coherence Tomography Images from Glaucomatous and Healthy Eyes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (20) ◽  
pp. 4668
Author(s):  
Luciano Quaranta ◽  
Carlo Bruttini ◽  
Giovanni De Angelis ◽  
Silvia Montescani ◽  
Alberto Ardizzone ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Central Area ◽  
Region Of Interest ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Foveal Thickness ◽  
Average Value ◽  
The One

Purpose: To compare the number of hyper-reflective retinal spots (HRS) in optical coherence tomography (OCT) images of healthy controls and patients affected with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG). Methods: Thirty patients affected with POAG and 34 healthy controls were recruited and underwent raster OCT examination of the macular region. Among the acquired B-scans, the one with the lowest foveal thickness was selected, and a central area of 3000 μm was defined (region of interest, ROI), in order to identify HRS. HRS were defined as small point-like hyper-reflective elements, detectable at the visual inspection of the OCT image. HRS were independently counted by two investigators in the ROI of each OCT scan. Results: Inter-rater agreement for HRS counting was good to excellent (ICC = 0.96, 95% CI: 0.83–0.99). More HRS were found in the OCT images from glaucoma patients, in comparison with healthy controls (average value: 90.5 ± 13.02 and 74.72 ± 11.35, for glaucoma and healthy subjects, respectively; p < 0.01). Significant correlations between the average number of HRS and visual field mean deviation (MD, p = 0.01) and pattern standard deviation (PSD, p < 0.01) were found. Conclusions: OCT images from glaucoma patients showed a higher number of HRS when compared with healthy controls. As HRS have been hypothesized to be a sign of neuroinflammation, these results may support the role of neuroinflammation in glaucoma etiopathogenesis.

scholarly journals The Role of Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography in Moderate and Advanced Primary Open-Angle Glaucoma

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yadollah Eslami ◽  
Sepideh Ghods ◽  
Massood Mohammadi ◽  
Mona Safizadeh ◽  
Ghasem Fakhraie ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography ◽  
Primary Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Vessel Density ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Inferior Quadrant

Abstract Purpose: To evaluate the relationship between structure and function in moderate and advanced primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) and to determine the accuracy of structure and vasculature for discriminating moderate from advanced POAG.Methods: In this cross-sectional study 25 eyes with moderate and 40 eyes with advanced POAG were enrolled. All eyes underwent measurement of the thickness of circumpapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (cpRNFL) and macular ganglion cell complex (GCC), and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) of the optic nerve head (ONH) and macula. Visual field (VF) was evaluated by Swedish interactive threshold algorithm and 24-2 and 10-2 patterns. The correlation between structure and vasculature and the mean deviation (MD) of the VFs was evaluated by a partial correlation coefficient. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) was applied for assessing the power of variables for discrimination moderate from advanced POAG.Results: Superior cpRNFL, superior GCC, whole image vessel density (wiVD) of the ONH area, and vessel density in inferior quadrant of perifovea had the strongest correlation with the mean deviation (MD) of the VF 24-2 (r= .351, .558, .649 and .397; p< .05). The greatest AUCs belonged to inferior cpRNFL (.789), superior GCC (.818), vessel density of the inferior hemifield of ONH area (.886), and vessel density in inferior quadrant of perifovea (.833) without statistically significant difference in pairwise comparison.Conclusion: Vasculature has a stronger correlation than the structure with MD in moderate and advanced POAG and is as accurate as structure in discrimination moderate from advanced POAG.

scholarly journals Relationship between visual field changes and optical coherence tomography measurements in advanced open-angle glaucoma

Folia Medica ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 58 (3) ◽  
pp. 174-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
Snezhina S. Kostianeva ◽  
Marieta I. Konareva-Kostianeva ◽  
Marin A. Atanassov
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Visual Field ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Ganglion Cell Complex ◽  
Automated Perimetry ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Sd Oct

Abstract Aim: To assess relationships between functional changes in visual field and structural changes in advanced open-angle glaucoma (OAG) found using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT). Methods: Thirty-one eyes of 25 patients with OAG were included in this study. Besides the routine ophthalmological exam the patients underwent standard automated perimetry (SAP) (Humphrey Field Analyzer) and SD-OCT (RTVue–100) performed within 6 months. The global perimetric indices in the study group were as follows: mean deviation (MD) 12.33±6.18 dB and pattern standard deviation (PSD) 9.17±3.41 dB. The relationship between OCT measurements and MD and PSD was evaluated by correlation analysis (Pearson’s correlation coefficient) and regression analysis (linear and nonlinear regression models). Results: Thickness measurements of the lower halves of ganglion cell complex (GCC) and retinal nerve fiber layer by two scanning protocols (ONH and 3.45) showed these to be thinner than the upper halves, but the difference failed to reach statistical significance. The correlations between global indices MD/PSD and most of the analysed quantitative OCT measurements were moderate (r in the range between 0.3 and 0.6). The correlation between MD and GCC showed nonlinear cubic regression (R2=0.417, P=0.004). Good correlation was found between MD and GLV (R2=0.383; P=0.008). Linear regression (P<0.05) was found only between MD and Cup area (R2=0.175, P=0.024) and between MD and RNFL by 3.45 protocol (R2=0.131, P=0.045). Conclusion: Nonlinear regressive models appear to be more appropriate in the assessment of the correlations between functional and structural changes in eyes with advanced glaucoma. The correlations we found were moderate.

scholarly journals Peripapillary Choroidal Thickness and Open-Angle Glaucoma: A Meta-Analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhongjing Lin ◽  
Shouyue Huang ◽  
Bing Xie ◽  
Yisheng Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Publication Bias ◽  
Choroidal Thickness ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Peripapillary Choroidal Thickness

Purpose. To investigate the potential relationship between open-angle glaucoma (OAG) and peripapillary choroidal thickness (PPCT).Materials and Methods. Relevant publications were searched systematically through various databases from inception to January 2016. Studies comparing PPCT in OAG patients and healthy controls were retrieved. All qualified articles were analyzed using Stata 14.0 and Revman 5.3 software.Results. A total of 13 studies were identified for inclusion. There was a significant reduction of average PPCT in OAG patients compared to control participants (WMD = −24.07, 95% CI: −34.29, −13.85). Reduction of PPCT was significant in the superior (WMD = −28.87, 95% CI: −44.96, −12.78) and nasal (WMD = −21.75, 95% CI: −41.52, −1.98) sectors, but there was no significant reduction of PPCT in the inferior (WMD = −9.57, 95% CI: −36.55, 17.40) and temporal (WMD = −13.85, 95% CI: −35.40, 7.70) sectors. No obvious publication bias was detected.Conclusions. This meta-analysis suggests that open-angle glaucoma patients have significantly decreased peripapillary choroidal thickness compared to healthy individuals. Peripapillary choroidal thickness measured by optical coherence tomography may be an important parameter to consider in open-angle glaucoma.

scholarly journals Factors Associated with Lamina Cribrosa Displacement After Trabeculectomy Measured by Optical Coherence Tomography in Advanced Primary Open Angle Glaucoma

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Esfandiari ◽  
Ali Efatizadeh ◽  
Azadeh Doozandeh ◽  
Mehdi Yaseri ◽  
Nils A. Loewen
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Regression Coefficient ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Biomechanical Properties ◽  
Lamina Cribrosa ◽  
Mean Deviation ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Open Angle ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Corneal Biomechanical Properties

Purpose: To investigate the relationship of lamina cribrosa displacement to corneal biomechanical properties and visual function after mitomycin C-augmented trabeculectomy. Method: Eighty-one primary open angle eyes were imaged before and after trabeculectomy using an enhanced depth spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SDOCT). Corneal biomechanical properties were measured with the Ocular Response Analyser before the surgery. The anterior lamina cribrosa (LC) was marked at several points in each of six radial scans to evaluate LC displacement in response to Intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction. A Humphrey visual field test (HVF) was performed before the surgery as well as three and six months postoperatively. Results: Factors associated with a deeper baseline anterior lamina cribrosa depth (ALD) were cup-disc ratio (P=0.04), baseline IOP (P= 0.01), corneal hysteresis (P= 0.001), and corneal resistance factor (P= 0.001). After the surgery, the position of LC became more anterior (negative), posterior (positive) or remained unchanged. The mean LC displacement was -42 &mu;m (P= 0.001) and was positively correlated with the magnitude of IOP reduction (regression coefficient: 0.251, P=0.02), and negatively correlated with age (regression coefficient: - 0.224, P= 0.04) as well as baseline cup-disk ratio (Regression coefficient: -0.212,P= 0.05) Eyes with a larger negative LC displacement were more likely to experience an HVF improvement of more than 3 dB gain in mean deviation (P= 0.002). Conclusion: A lower SDOCT cup-disc ratio, younger age, and a larger IOP reduction were correlated with a larger negative LC displacement and improving HVF. Corneal biomechanics did not predict LC displacement.

scholarly journals FRI0226 OPTICAL COHERENCE TOMOGRAPHY OF THE SKIN DETECTS SCLERODERMA CHANGES IN CLINICALLY UNAFFECTED SKIN: AN OPPORTUNITY FOR EARLY DETECTION OF SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 696.2-696
Author(s):  
G. Abignano ◽  
D. Temiz Karadağ ◽  
O. Gundogdu ◽  
G. Lettieri ◽  
M. C. Padula ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
At Risk ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Classification Criteria ◽  
Healthy Controls ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Unaffected Skin

Background:The Very Early Diagnosis Of Systemic Sclerosis (VEDOSS) study has shown that 82% of patients with Raynaud’s Phenomenon, specific ANA positivity and scleroderma pattern at nail fold videocapillaroscopy will fulfil classification criteria within 5 years. This is suggesting that there is a subclinical window of opportunity to diagnose systemic sclerosis (SSc) before clinical manifestations occur. In this scenario, a non-invasive tool to diagnose SSc in clinically unaffected skin might improve the early detection of disease in at risk-patients. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) of the skin has been shown to be a sensitive and accurate biomarker of skin fibrosis in SSc.Objectives:Here we aimed to assess the ability of skin OCT to “detect” SSc in clinically unaffected skin from a multicentre cohort.Methods:Dorsal forearm skin of SSc patients and matched-healthy controls (HC) was evaluated using VivoSight scanner (Michelson Diagnostics). Mean A-scans (mean OCT signal plotted against depth-in-tissue) were derived as previously described. Minimum Optical Density (MinOD), Maximum OD (MaxOD) and OD at 300 micron-depth (OD300) were calculated. Clinical involvement was assessed by an operator blinded to OCT findings using the mRSS. Receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was carried out for MinOD, MaxOD, and OD300 to evaluate their ability to discriminate between SSc and HC. Statistical analysis was performed using GraphPad Prism software V.7.0.Results:One hundred seventy four OCT images were collected from 87 subjects [43 SSc (39 Female, mean age 49.7±9.1 years) and 44 gender/age-matched healthy controls (HC) (36 Female, mean age 50.2±8.3 years)] in two different SSc centres. All patients fulfilled classification criteria for SSc. OCT measures demonstrated discriminative ability in SSc skin detection with any clinical skin involvement (0-3 at site of analysis) with an AUC of 0.73 (MinOD, 95%CI 0.64-0.81), 0.77 (MaxOD, 95%CI 0.7-0.85) and 0.82 (OD300, 95%CI 0.76-0.89); p<0.0001 for all as previously indicated. Most importantly, all three measures showed comparable performance in detecting scleroderma also in clinically unaffected skin (mRss=0 at site of analysis), with an AUC of 0.7 (95%CI 0.6-0.81, p=0.001), 0.72 (95%CI 0.61-0.83, p=0.0003) and 0.72 (95%CI 0.61-0.83, p=0.0003) for MinOD, MaxOD and OD300 respectively.Conclusion:Virtual biopsy by OCT recognises clinically unaffected skin of SSc patients from the HC skin. This is consistent with gene array data showing that scleroderma specific signatures are consistent in affected and clinically unaffected skin. These results inform future studies on at risk patients with clinically unaffected skin which may define a role for OCT in detecting subclinical SSc.Disclosure of Interests:Giuseppina Abignano: None declared, Duygu Temiz Karadağ: None declared, Ozcan Gundogdu: None declared, Giovanni Lettieri: None declared, Maria Carmela Padula: None declared, Angela Padula: None declared, Paul Emery Grant/research support from: AbbVie, Bristol-Myers Squibb, Merck Sharp & Dohme, Pfizer, Roche (all paid to employer), Consultant of: AbbVie (consultant, clinical trials, advisor), Bristol-Myers Squibb (consultant, clinical trials, advisor), Lilly (clinical trials, advisor), Merck Sharp & Dohme (consultant, clinical trials, advisor), Novartis (consultant, clinical trials, advisor), Pfizer (consultant, clinical trials, advisor), Roche (consultant, clinical trials, advisor), Samsung (clinical trials, advisor), Sandoz (clinical trials, advisor), UCB (consultant, clinical trials, advisor), Salvatore D’Angelo: None declared, Francesco Del Galdo: None declared

scholarly journals Glaucomatous Macular Vasculature: A Quantitative Analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 185-197
Author(s):  
Pedro Arede ◽  
Joanna Przezdziecka-Dolyk ◽  
Fabian Debowy ◽  
Jacek Olszewski ◽  
Carla Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Optical Coherence Tomography ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Open Angle Glaucoma ◽  
Major Axis ◽  
Foveal Avascular Zone ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Equivalent Diameter ◽  
Optical Coherence ◽  
Fiber Layer ◽  
Avascular Zone

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the characteristics of the macular vessel density (VD) and the foveal avascular zone (FAZ) in glaucoma quantitatively using the optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A). Methods: Twenty-five eyes of 13 patients with primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) and 12 eyes of 6 healthy participants were enrolled retrospectively. Functional visual field (VF) and structural Spectral-Domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT) Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness (RNFLT) were assessed in all participants. OCT-A was performed on a fovea centered, 15x10 degrees, macular region. OCT-A scans were processed with MATLAB software and automatically graded to define FAZ parameters. The parafoveal VD in the superficial and deep retinal vascular plexus (SVP and DVP) was analyzed by quadrant and circular segmented zones. Results: Foveal Avascular Zone -Major Axis Length (p=0.02), Area (p=0.04), Equivalent Diameter (p=0.04) and Perimeter (p=0.04) were significantly larger in glaucoma than the control group. Regarding SVP and DVP, the average macular total VD were lower in glaucoma patients compared to the control group (p<0.01; p<0.01). Additionally, the inner circular region (p=0.04; p<0.01 respectively for SVP and DVP) and all quadrants except for North had a lower VD in glaucoma group compared to the control group. Assessment of the total VD successfully predicted RNFLT (p<0.001) and was significantly associated with the probability of glaucoma (p=0.009). Conclusion: OCT-A parameters, namely the FAZ morphology and the macular VD, were associated with glaucomatous functional and structural changes. The macular VD showed a considerable diagnostic value. It may be a modern biomarker, representing microvascular network disruption of the macular perfusion in glaucoma.

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