scholarly journals The Co-Morbidity between Bipolar and Panic Disorder in Fibromyalgia Syndrome

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 3619
Author(s):  
Alessandra Alciati ◽  
Fabiola Atzeni ◽  
Daniela Caldirola ◽  
Giampaolo Perna ◽  
Piercarlo Sarzi-Puttini
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Fibromyalgia Syndrome ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Dsm Iv

About half of the patients with fibromyalgia (FM) had a lifetime major depression episode and one third had a panic disorder (PD). Because the co-morbidity between bipolar disorder (BD) and PD marks a specific subtype of BD we aimed to investigate if co-morbid BD/PD (comBD/PD) occurs more frequently than the single disorder in FM patients and evaluate the clinical significance and timing of this co-morbidity. Further, we explored the role of co-morbid subthreshold BD and PD. In 118 patients with FM, lifetime threshold and sub-threshold mood disorders and PD were diagnosed with Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV-Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR) Clinical Interview. Demographic and clinical variables were compared in co-morbid BD/PD (comBD/PD) and not co-morbid BD/PD (nocomBD/PD) subgroups. The co-morbidity BD/PD was seen in 46.6% of FM patients and in 68.6% when patients with minor bipolar (MinBD) and sub-threshold panic were included. These rates are higher than those of the general population and BD outpatients. There were no statistically significant differences between threshold and sub-threshold comBD/PD and nocom-BD/PD subgroups in demographic and clinical parameters. In the majority of patients (78.2%), the onset of comBD/PD preceded or was contemporary with FM. These findings support the hypothesis that comBD/PD is related to the development of FM in a subgroup of patients.

scholarly journals Clinical characterization of Italian suicide attempters with bipolar disorder

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bernardo Dell’Osso ◽  
Matteo Vismara ◽  
Cristina Dobrea ◽  
Laura Cremaschi ◽  
Benedetta Grancini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Clinical Variables ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Psychiatric Hospitalizations ◽  
Risk Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv

IntroductionBipolar disorder (BD) is a chronic, highly disabling condition associated with psychiatric/medical comorbidity and substantive morbidity, mortality, and suicide risks. In prior reports, varying parameters have been associated with suicide risk.ObjectivesTo evaluate sociodemographic and clinical variables characterizing Italian individuals with BD with versus without prior suicide attempt (PSA).MethodsA sample of 362 Italian patients categorized as BD according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM IV-TR) was assessed and divided in 2 subgroups: with and without PSA. Sociodemographic and clinical variables were compared between prior attempters and non-attempters using corrected multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).ResultsMore than one-fourth of BD patients (26.2%) had a PSA, with approximately one-third (31%) of these having>1 PSA. Depressive polarity at onset, higher number of psychiatric hospitalizations, comorbid alcohol abuse, comorbid eating disorders, and psychiatric poly-comorbidity were significantly more frequent (p<.05) in patients with versus without PSA. Additionally, treatment with lithium, polypharmacotherapy (≥4 current drugs) and previous psychosocial rehabilitation were significantly more often present in patients with versus without PSA.ConclusionsWe found several clinical variables associated with PSA in BD patients. Even though these retrospective findings did not address causality, they could be clinically relevant to better understanding suicidal behavior in BD and adopting proper strategies to prevent suicide in higher risk patients.

The Classification of Eating Disorders

2010 ◽  
pp. 7-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kathryn H. Gordon ◽  
Jill M. Holm-Denoma ◽  
Ross D. Crosby ◽  
Stephen A. Wonderlich
Keyword(s):  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Eating Disorder ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Minority Groups ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Key Issues ◽  
Dsm Iv

The purpose of the chapter is to elucidate the key issues regarding the classification of eating disorders. To this end, a review of nosological research in the area of eating disorders is presented, with a particular focus on empirically based techniques such as taxometric and latent class analysis. This is followed by a section outlining areas of overlap between the current Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders – Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR; American Psychiatric Association, 2000) eating disorder categories and their symptoms. Next, eating disorder classification models that are alternatives to the DSM-IV-TR are described and critically examined in light of available empirical data. Finally, areas of controversy and considerations for change in next version of the DSM (i.e., the applicability of DSM criteria to minority groups, children, males; the question of whether clinical categories should be differentiated from research categories) are discussed.

Introduction

CNS Spectrums ◽  
2007 ◽  
Vol 12 (S23) ◽  
pp. 4-5
Author(s):  
Lenard A. Adler ◽  
Jeffrey H. Newcorn
Keyword(s):  
Adult Adhd ◽  
The United States ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Adhd Diagnosis ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Hyperactivity Disorder ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Dsm Iv

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) may be the most common chronic, undiagnosed psychiatric disorder in adults. ADHD is characterized by restlessness, overactivity, disorganization, impulsivity, and inattention; and as further characterized in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). For most cases, an adult ADHD diagnosis is preceded by symptoms in childhood, which is a time when the disorder is rarely inquired about and usually overlooked.ADHD has been recognized in children for several decades, and the importance of detection and treatment is well established. Whereas it was initially believed that children outgrew the disease, researchers now know that approximately two thirds of children affected with ADHD symptoms carry the condition into adolescence and then into adulthood. Consequently, >4% of adults in the United States have ADHD. Nevertheless, the disorder is unrecognized and untreated in the vast majority of these people.

Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, bipolar disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 38-45
Author(s):  
Barrett Kern ◽  
Sarah K. Keedy
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Schizoaffective Disorder ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Mood Symptoms ◽  
History Of ◽  
Psychotic Features ◽  
Specific Symptoms ◽  
Psychotic Bipolar Disorder

Schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and bipolar disorder with psychotic features include varying degrees of psychosis and mood symptoms. As such, these disorders may represent three points on a spectrum rather than three categorically distinct disorders. This chapter outlines the key role of psychosis in characterizing these disorders and reviews the conceptual history of this characterization as embodied in the different editions of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The inherent practical and conceptual problems associated with a categorical system for these diagnoses and for defining psychosis symptoms are emphasized. Finally, specific symptoms and their qualitative and quantitative features are compared and contrasted among schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, and psychotic bipolar disorder.

Mood Disorders

2021 ◽  
pp. 322-325
Author(s):  
Simon Kung
Keyword(s):  
Bipolar Disorder ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
Anxiety Disorders ◽  
Mood Disorder ◽  
Mood Disorders ◽  
Depressive Disorders ◽  
Bipolar Disorders ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual

Mood disorders—depressive and bipolar disorders—are the second most common set of psychiatric disorders, behind anxiety disorders. The lifetime prevalence of any mood disorder in US adults is approximately 20%, and the 12-month prevalence is approximately 10%. Although depressive disorders and bipolar disorder have been split into 2 chapters in the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Fifth Edition), the criteria have stayed the same as in its Fourth Edition, Text Revision while the terminology has changed slightly.

Do Individual Differences in Early Affective and Cognitive Self-Regulation Predict Developmental Change in ADHD Symptoms From Preschool to Adolescence?

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (13) ◽  
pp. 1656-1666 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karin C. Brocki ◽  
Tommie Forslund ◽  
Matilda Frick ◽  
Gunilla Bohlin
Keyword(s):  
Developmental Change ◽  
Self Regulation ◽  
Teacher Ratings ◽  
Negative Emotionality ◽  
Adhd Symptoms ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnosis Method ◽  
Dsm Iv

Objective: The role of heterogeneous self-regulation deficits in ADHD has long been emphasized. Yet, longitudinal studies examining distinct self-regulation processes as prospective predictors of developmental change in ADHD symptoms spanning wide developmental periods are scarce. The aim of the current study was to examine affective and cognitive self-regulation as predictors of developmental change in ADHD symptoms from preschool to adolescence in a sample with one third of the children being at risk for developing an ADHD and/or ODD diagnosis. Method: At 5 years laboratory measures for hot and cool executive function (EF) and parental and teacher ratings were used for regulation of positive and negative emotionality. Symptoms of ADHD and ODD were measured at 5 and 13 years using parental and teacher ratings based on the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (4th ed.; DSM-IV). Results: Converging developmental paths in hyperactivity/impulsivity across time were found for those high versus low in early cognitive self-regulation, whereas the development of inattention symptoms diverged across time for those high versus low in early affective self-regulation. Conclusion: These results support the idea that different aspects of self-regulation are important for developmental change in the two separate ADHD symptom domains from preschool to adolescence.

Panic-Agoraphobic Spectrum and Cardiovascular Disease

CNS Spectrums ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 58-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mario Miniati ◽  
Mauro Mauri ◽  
Liliana Dell'Osso ◽  
Stefano Pini ◽  
Francesco Mengali ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cardiovascular Disease ◽  
Panic Disorder ◽  
Psychological Symptoms ◽  
Subjective Distress ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Distinct Subgroup ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Cardiovascular Patients ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Panic Symptoms

AbstractPanic disorder occurs frequently with different forms of cardiovascular disease and hypertension. The 13 panic symptoms described in the American Psychiatric Association's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition (DSM-IV) often overlap with manifestations of cardiovascular disorders, raising problems in the differential diagnosis. In order to explore in greater detail the phenomenology of panic symptoms in cardiovascular patients, the Structured Clinical Interview for Panic-Agoraphobic Spectrum (SCI-PAS) was administered to 111 patients with hypertension and 29 patients with a recent myocardial infarction.With regard to the frequency of endorsement of many of the symptoms assessed on the SCI-PAS, more than 40% of the cardiovascular patients who failed to meet the DSM-IV criteria for panic disorder did not significantly differ from the 10% of cardiovascular patients who did fulfill the criteria for panic disorder. A third distinct subgroup comprising 48.6% of the cardiovascular patients reported a significantly smaller number of SCI-PAS symptoms than the other two groups.These preliminary findings suggest the existence of a relatively large proportion of cardiovascular patients who present with physical and psychological symptoms that are potentially related to panic disorder and that may provoke considerable subjective distress. Further studies are needed to clarify the nature of these symptoms and their potential interference with treatment and symptomatology of cardiovascular disease.

Co-Morbidity of Migraine and Major Depression in the Turkish Population

Cephalalgia ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 271-275 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Kececi ◽  
S Dener ◽  
E Analan
Keyword(s):  
Major Depression ◽  
Mental Disorders ◽  
International Headache Society ◽  
Turkish Population ◽  
Lifetime Prevalence ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
Dsm Iv

The aim of the present study was to estimate the co-morbidity of migraine and major depression in the Turkish population. The households were selected randomly from all district areas. The study included 947 subjects aged ≥ 18 years. The diagnosis of migraine was made according to the criteria of the International Headache Society. The diagnosis of major depression was made according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-IV) criteria. Migraine was identified in 163 subjects. Major depression was identified in 155 subjects, and in 53 subjects with migraine. The lifetime prevalence of major depression was approximately three times higher in persons with migraine in this Turkish population.

Psychophysiological Characteristics of Aggression Associated with Depression before and after Successful Treatment with Sertraline: A Clinical Trial Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 386-392
Author(s):  
Alireza Farnam ◽  
Arezoo Mehrara ◽  
Saeideh Aghayari Sheikh Neshin ◽  
Masumeh Zamanlu ◽  
Mohammad Ali Nazari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Anger Expression ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Fourth Edition ◽  
Statistical Manual ◽  
Text Revision ◽  
Diagnostic And Statistical Manual ◽  
Violent Behaviors ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Dsm Iv ◽  
Standard Medication

Background: Depression associated with aggression can lead to violent behaviors. The present study was aimed to determine how sertraline, a standard medication for depression treatment, can efficiently decrease aggression and affect psychophysiological parameters in patients with depression. Methods: Patients with depression and aggression were included in a six-week trial with sertraline (50 100 mg/day). Depression diagnosis was confirmed by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fourth edition, Text Revision (DSM-IV-TR). Depression severity before and after treatment was assessed using Beck Depression Inventory (BDI). Aggression was evaluated by Spielberger’s State-Trait Anger Expression Inventory-2 (STAXIII). The BDI and STAXI-II were finally applied to evaluate the effectiveness of treatment. For each patient, peripheral and central psychophysiological parameters were recorded using peripheral biofeedback apparatus and electroencephalogram in the initial and final stages of treatment. These recordings were attempted to assess variations of the autonomic nervous system and electrocortical activity in response to treatment. Results: Depressive and aggressive symptoms decreased significantly over the six-week treatment period, as measured by BDI and STAXI-II. Significant changes in some of the peripheral and central psychophysiological variables were observed. Sensorimotor rhythm (SMR)/theta ratio (p=0.01) have decreased during a task, delta (p=0.02) and theta (p=0.008) wave activity and theta/alpha ratio (p=0.01) have increased during task, and theta/beta ratio has increased during both rest and task (p=0.02 for both). Among peripheral psychophysiological variables, skin conductance during task decreased significantly (p=0.03). Conclusion: Several numbers of psychophysiological parameters were influenced significantly after successful pharmacotherapy of aggressiveness in patients with depression.

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