scholarly journals The Vicious Circle of Hepatic Glucagon Resistance in Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (12) ◽  
pp. 4049
Author(s):  
Katrine D. Galsgaard
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Protein Metabolism ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Acid Protein ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Amino Acid Protein

A key criterion for the most common chronic liver disease—non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD)—is an intrahepatic fat content above 5% in individuals who are not using steatogenic agents or having significant alcohol intake. Subjects with NAFLD have increased plasma concentrations of glucagon, and emerging evidence indicates that subjects with NAFLD may show hepatic glucagon resistance. For many years, glucagon has been thought of as the counterregulatory hormone to insulin with a primary function of increasing blood glucose concentrations and protecting against hypoglycemia. However, in recent years, glucagon has re-emerged as an important regulator of other metabolic processes including lipid and amino acid/protein metabolism. This review discusses the evidence that in NAFLD, hepatic glucagon resistance may result in a dysregulated lipid and amino acid/protein metabolism, leading to excess accumulation of fat, hyperglucagonemia, and increased oxidative stress contributing to the worsening/progression of NAFLD.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF RESISTIN IN THE PROGRESSION OF NON-ALCOHOLIC FATTY LIVER DISEASE

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 157-162
Author(s):  
L.V. Zhuravlyova ◽  
O.V. Elhaj
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Liver Function ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Resistin Level ◽  
Impaired Liver Function ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

The aim of the research was to study the relationship between plasma concentrations of resistin and indicators of enzyme and pigment metabolism in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and its combination with type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM-2). Materials and methods. On the base of Kharkiv Regional Hospital a total of 90 patients were examined, including patients with NAFLD (n = 20) and its combination with DM-2 with normal body weight (n = 20) and obesity (n = 50), as well as 20 healthy volunteers. A complex of clinical, laboratory and instrumental (including liver biopsy in 9 patients) examinations of patients was performed. Results. A direct relationship was established between the level of resistin and indicators of enzyme and pigment exchange in groups of patients with combined pathology. A significant increase of resistin plasma level, as well as disorders of the liver function were determined in all groups of patients in comparison with the controls. The most marked changes were revealed in patients with combination of NAFLD, DM-2 and obesity. Conclusions. The established relationship between the level of resistin and the indicators of the liver functional state suggests that an increase of resistin level may reflect the presence of impaired liver function in patients with NAFLD in combination with DM-2, predicting the progression of NAFLD. In order to detect the disorders of liver function in patients with DM-2, it is recommended to determine the level of resistin in patients with NAFLD, especially when concomitant obesity is present. Patients with resistin level (> 8.06 ± 0.23 ng/ml) should be considered at risk of NAFLD progression.

scholarly journals A Branched-Chain Amino Acid-Related Metabolic Signature Characterizes Obese Adolescents with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 642 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martina Goffredo ◽  
Nicola Santoro ◽  
Domenico Tricò ◽  
Cosimo Giannini ◽  
Ebe D’Adamo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Disease ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Obese Adolescents ◽  
Metabolic Signature ◽  
Branched Chain Amino Acid ◽  
Branched Chain ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Vitamin D levels are not associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease severity in a Brazilian population

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Jeniffer Danielle M. Dutra ◽  
Quelson Coelho Lisboa ◽  
Silvia Marinho Ferolla ◽  
Carolina Martinelli M. L. Carvalho ◽  
Camila Costa M. Mendes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Disease Severity ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Hypovitaminosis D ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Vitamin D Levels ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Abstract. Some epidemiological evidence suggests an inverse correlation between non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) frequency and vitamin D levels. Likewise, a beneficial effect of vitamin D on diabetes mellitus (DM) and insulin resistance has been observed, but this is an unsolved issue. Thus, we aimed to investigate the prevalence of hypovitaminosis D in a NAFLD Brazilian population and its association with disease severity and presence of comorbidities. In a cross-sectional study, the clinical, biochemical and histological parameters of 139 NAFLD patients were evaluated according to two different cut-off points of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D levels (20 ng/mL and 30 ng/mL). The mean age of the population was 56 ± 16 years, most patients were female (83%), 72% had hypertension, 88% dyslipidemia, 46% DM, 98% central obesity, and 82% metabolic syndrome. Serum vitamin D levels were < 30 ng/mL in 78% of the patients, and < 20 ng/mL in 35%. The mean vitamin D level was 24.3 ± 6.8 ng/mL. The comparison between the clinical, biochemical and histological characteristics of the patients according to the levels of vitamin D showed no significant difference. Most patients with NAFLD had hypovitaminosis D, but low vitamin D levels were not related to disease severity and the presence of comorbidities.

Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease in Overweight Children and its Relationship with Retinol Serum Levels

2008 ◽  
Vol 78 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suano de Souza ◽  
Silverio Amancio ◽  
Saccardo Sarni ◽  
Sacchi Pitta ◽  
Fernandes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Liver Disease ◽  
Fatty Liver ◽  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Fatty Liver Disease ◽  
Thiobarbituric Acid ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver ◽  
Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease

Objectives: To evaluate the frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease, the retinol serum levels, lipid profile, and insulin resistance in overweight/obese children. To relate these biochemical variables with the risk of this disease in the population studied. Methods: The study was cross-sectional and prospective, with 46 overweight/obese school children (28 female, 18 male; mean age 8.6 years). The control group consisted of 45 children, paired by age and gender. Hepatic steatosis, evaluated by ultrasound, was classified as normal, mild, moderate, or severe. Also evaluated were serum retinol levels; thiobarbituric acid reactive substances; lipid profile; and fasting glucose and serum insulin levels, used for the calculation of the Homeostasis Model Assessment. Results: Hepatic ultrasound alterations were found in 56.5% and 48,9% of the overweight/obese and control group children, respectively. Presence of obesity was associated with high levels of triglycerides (OR = 4.6; P = 0.002). In the studied children, the risk of steatosis was related to a trend to a higher percentage of retinol inadequacy (OR = 2.8; p = 0.051); there was no association with thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid profile, or insulin resistance. Conclusions: The high frequency of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease in both groups, evaluated by hepatic ultrasound, in low-socioeconomic level children, independent of nutritional condition and without significant association with insulin resistance, emphasizes that especially in developing countries, other risk factors such as micronutrient deficiencies (e.g. vitamin A) are involved.

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