scholarly journals Coffee Silverskin as a Multifunctional Waste Filler for High-Density Polyethylene Green Composites

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Aleksander Hejna ◽  
Mateusz Barczewski ◽  
Paulina Kosmela ◽  
Olga Mysiukiewicz ◽  
Anton Kuzmin
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Interfacial Area ◽  
Thermomechanical Analysis ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
High Density ◽  
Main Task ◽  
Oxidation Induction Time ◽  
Coffee Silverskin ◽  
Wood Polymer

This work aims to describe the coffee silverskin effect as a lignocellulosic waste filler for high-density polyethylene (HDPE) composites development. The main task was to determine various modification effects resulting from the complex chemical composition of coffee silverskin containing compounds with potential antioxidative properties, including caffeine, polyphenols, tannins, or melanoidins. The processing, thermal, physicochemical, and thermomechanical properties of the HDPE-based composites with different filler content (1–20 wt%) were evaluated. Comprehensively realized thermomechanical analysis revealed the filler’s reinforcing effects on the HDPE matrix while defining problems with obtaining adequate adhesion in the interfacial area. At the same time, studies have shown a very beneficial effect of the silverskin addition on the thermal properties of composites, that even the smallest addition allows for a significant increase in the thermooxidative resistance of HDPE composites assessed using the oxidation induction time from 20 min for HDPE up to 140 min for the composites with 20 wt% of the filler. The obtained research results allow classifying the coffee silverskin waste filler, not only as a filler intended for the production of composites with a high degree of filling but also as an additive that significantly changes the properties of polyethylene in the case of using low concentrations. This can have a very beneficial impact on the development of novel wood polymer (WPC) and natural fiber composites (NFC).

scholarly journals DRY RICE HUSK FILLER EFFECT TO TENSILE BEHAVIORS OF RECYCLED HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)-BASED GREEN COMPOSITES

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Dalhar Susanto ◽  
Mochamad Chalid ◽  
Widyarko ◽  
Intan Chairunnisa ◽  
Cut Sannas Saskia
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Density ◽  
Asian Rice

The possibility of using plastic waste to manufacture hybrid bio-composite materials with the dry husk of Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) is investigated. The most polluted and unsustainable plastic waste is High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) due to its single-use, which decreases in quality if it is reused is selected. The mixtures chosen are local natural fiber and easy to find, potentially a preliminary study of a composites building material. Furthermore, to improve the tensile properties of this hybrid bio-composite material, an additional organic filler is used, such as rice husk (Oryza sativa L.) in a combination of 10%, 12%, and 15%. Samples for this study were processed using the hot press methods based on ASTM D882. Tested for tensile strength, modulus young, yield stress, and elongation is carried out to see an increase in the performance of the biocomposite material. The test results show that the best tensile properties are samples with 12% rice husk, resulting in excellent sample compatibility proofed by Scan Electron Microscopy to study bio-morphological composites. This project has shown that the composites based on natural fiber will be potential building materials due to their improved tensile properties.

Fabrication and thermomechanical properties of carbonized Luffa cylindrica ‐reinforced high‐density polyethylene composites

2021 ◽  
pp. 52040
Author(s):  
Ioannis Ioannou ◽  
Paraskevas Kyriacou ◽  
Marios Pantelas ◽  
Ioannis Pashalidis ◽  
John Makris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Thermomechanical Properties ◽  
High Density ◽  
Luffa Cylindrica ◽  
Polyethylene Composites

scholarly journals Durability of Flame-Retarded, Co-Extruded Profiles Based on High-Density Polyethylene and Wheat Straw Residues

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 3217
Author(s):  
Arne Schirp ◽  
Jan Dannenberg
Keyword(s):  
Heat Release ◽  
Wheat Straw ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Cone Calorimeter ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
High Density ◽  
Fire Retardants ◽  
Fire Performance ◽  
Limiting Oxygen Index ◽  
Artificial Weathering

At present, little information is available in the scientific literature related to the durability (weathering resistance) of fire-retarded wood and natural fiber-reinforced thermoplastics. In this work, thermoplastic profiles for façade applications based on high-density polyethylene, wheat straw particles, and fire-retardants were extruded and their reaction-to-fire performance before and after artificial weathering evaluated. Profile geometries were either solid or hollow-core profiles, and fire-retardants (FR) were added either in the co-extruded layer or in the bulk. Various FR for inclusion in the co-extruded layer were screened based on UL-94 tests. For profile extrusion, two types of FR were chosen: a coated intumescent combination based on ammonium polyphosphate (APP) and an APP coated with melamine and without formaldehyde. Before weathering, the peak heat release rate (pHRR) and the total heat release (THR), which were determined using cone calorimeter measurements, were reduced by up to 64% and 67% due to the FR. However, even before weathering, pHRR of the profiles was relatively high, with best (lowest) values between 230 and 250 kW/m2 under the test conditions. After 28 days of artificial weathering, changes in reaction-to-fire performance and color were evaluated. Use of the APP in the co-extruded layer worsened color change compared to the formulation without APP but the pHRR was not significantly changed. The influence of weathering on the fire behavior was small compared to the difference between fire-retarded and non-fire-retarded materials. Results from the cone calorimeter were analyzed with regard to ETAG 028, which provides requirements related to the durability of fire performance of building products. In many formulations, increase in THR was less than 20% compared to before weathering, which would place some of the profiles in class C or better (EN 13501-1). However, due to the high pHRR, at best, class D was obtained under the conditions of this study. In addition to cone calorimeter measurements, results from the single flame source test, limiting oxygen index determination and thermogravimetric analysis, are shown and discussed. Strength properties, water uptake and swelling of the profiles, thermal conductivity, and energy dispersive X-ray data are also presented.

Nanoboron nitride-filled heat-treated wood polymer nanocomposites: Comparison of different multicriteria decision-making models to predict optimum properties of the nanocomposites

2017 ◽  
Vol 51 (30) ◽  
pp. 4205-4218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kadir Karakuş ◽  
Deniz Aydemir ◽  
Ahmet Öztel ◽  
Gokhan Gunduz ◽  
Fatih Mengeloglu
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Polymer Nanocomposites ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Treated Wood ◽  
Multicriteria Decision Making ◽  
High Density ◽  
Multicriteria Decision ◽  
Wood Polymer ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Decision Making Models

The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of nanoboron nitride on the physical, mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of heat-treated wood high-density polyethylene composites. Three different multicriteria decision-making models such as the technique for order preference by similarity to ideal solutions, multi-attribute utility theory and compromise programming were used to predict the nanocomposites having optimum properties. High-density polyethylene as a matrix, heat-treated wood (30%) as a reinforcement filler and nanoboron nitride (0.5%, 1% and 2%) for improving the thermal stability were used; the composites prepared were grounded in a single-screw extruder, and the test samples were prepared with injection molding. According to the results, both testing and multicriteria decision-making models showed that heat-treated wood polymer nanocomposites with 2% nanoboron nitride have the optimum properties. Multicriteria decision-making methods are thought to be useful tools for materials having the optimal properties. It can be said that this study will be a guide for future material selection studies.

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