scholarly journals Hardness, an Important Indicator of Bone Quality, and the Role of Collagen in Bone Hardness

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 85
Author(s):  
Ahmed Ibrahim ◽  
Nicole Magliulo ◽  
James Groben ◽  
Ashley Padilla ◽  
Firas Akbik ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Bone Quality ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Strong Negative Correlation ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
Treatment Conditions ◽  
Periosteal Surface ◽  
Boiled Water

Bone is a nanocomposite material where the hard inorganic (hydroxyapatite crystallites) and organic (collagen fibrils) components are hierarchically arranged in the nanometer scale. Bone quality is dependent on the spatial distributions in the shape, size and composition of bone constituents (mineral, collagen and water). Bone hardness is an important property of bone, which includes both elastic and plastic deformation. In this study, a microhardness test was performed on a deer bone samples. The deer tibia shaft (diaphysis) was divided into several cross-sections of equal thickness; samples were prepared in untreated, boiled water treatment (100 °C for 30 min) and sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) treatment conditions. Microhardness tests were performed on various regions of the tibial diaphysis to study the heterogeneous characteristics of bone microhardness and highlight the role of the organic matrix in bone hardness. The results indicated that boiled water treatment has a strong negative correlation with bone hardness. The untreated bone was significantly (+20%) harder than the boiled-water-treated bone. In general, the hardness values near the periosteal surface was significantly (23 to 45%) higher than the ones near the endosteal surface. Samples treated with NaOCl showed a significant reduction in hardness.

Multi-Scale Structure of the Pinctada Mother of Pearl: Demonstration of a Continuous and Oriented Organic Framework in a Natural Ceramic

2005 ◽  
Vol 284-286 ◽  
pp. 705-708 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marthe Rousseau ◽  
Xavier Bourrat ◽  
Philippe Stempflé ◽  
Marcel Brendlé ◽  
Evelyne Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Organic Matrix ◽  
Phase Imaging ◽  
Force Microscopy ◽  
Multi Scale ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Intermittent Contact ◽  
Organic Framework

Sheet nacre is a promising natural bioceramic, which consists on the internal lustrous “mother of pearl” layer of many molluscan shells, e.g. Pinctada, our model. The aim of this work is to study the structure of the flat polygonal tablets of nacre, in order to understand the multi-scale organization of this composite material and the role of the organic template during the growth of the biocrystal. We studied the organic matrix, in situ with techniques such as darkfield transmission electronic microscopy (TEM) on small cross-sections of nacre of Pinctada maxima, or intermittent-contact atomic force microscopy coupled with phase imaging on samples of nacre of Pinctada margaritifera polished parallel to the surface of the tablets. In this study, we demonstrate the continuity of the organic framework and the crystallographic orientation in the biocrystal at 2 relevant levels : nano- and micro-scale.

Oxygen K near edge structures studied with multiple scattering calculations

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 504-505
Author(s):  
Xudong Weng ◽  
Peter Rez
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Partial Cross Section ◽  
Energy Window ◽  
Edge Structure ◽  
Fine Structures ◽  
Hydrogenic Model ◽  
Electron Energy Loss ◽  
Quantitative Chemical

In electron energy loss spectroscopy, quantitative chemical microanalysis is performed by comparison of the intensity under a specific inner shell edge with the corresponding partial cross section. There are two commonly used models for calculations of atomic partial cross sections, the hydrogenic model and the Hartree-Slater model. Partial cross sections could also be measured from standards of known compositions. These partial cross sections are complicated by variations in the edge shapes, such as the near edge structure (ELNES) and extended fine structures (ELEXFS). The role of these solid state effects in the partial cross sections, and the transferability of the partial cross sections from material to material, has yet to be fully explored. In this work, we consider the oxygen K edge in several oxides as oxygen is present in many materials. Since the energy window of interest is in the range of 20-100 eV, we limit ourselves to the near edge structures.

Role of Bone Quality in Osteoporosis Gets Clearer

Ob Gyn News ◽  
2005 ◽  
Vol 40 (10) ◽  
pp. 12
Author(s):  
KERRI WACHTER
Keyword(s):  
Bone Quality

An Study of Influence of Imperfections on the Delamination of Diamond-Like Carbon Films

2002 ◽  
Vol 719 ◽  
Author(s):  
Myoung-Woon Moon ◽  
Kyang-Ryel Lee ◽  
Jin-Won Chung ◽  
Kyu Hwan Oh
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Focused Ion Beam ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Ion Beam ◽  
Carbon Films ◽  
Diamond Like Carbon ◽  
Glass Substrates ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Initiation And Propagation

AbstractThe role of imperfections on the initiation and propagation of interface delaminations in compressed thin films has been analyzed using experiments with diamond-like carbon (DLC) films deposited onto glass substrates. The surface topologies and interface separations have been characterized by using the Atomic Force Microscope (AFM) and the Focused Ion Beam (FIB) imaging system. The lengths and amplitudes of numerous imperfections have been measured by AFM and the interface separations characterized on cross sections made with the FIB. Chemical analysis of several sites, performed using Auger Electron Spectroscopy (AES), has revealed the origin of the imperfections. The incidence of buckles has been correlated with the imperfection length.

scholarly journals Role of α-Cluster Transfer in the Formation of 20Ne + 16O Cross-Sections at Backward Angles

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 780-787
Author(s):  
Sh. Hamada ◽  
Nourhan M. Elmedalaa ◽  
I. Bondouk ◽  
N. Darwish ◽  
Awad A. Ibraheem
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sections ◽  
Cluster Transfer

Role of nanomaterial's as adsorbent for heterogeneous reaction in waste water treatment

2021 ◽  
pp. 130596
Author(s):  
M. Sridevi ◽  
C. Nirmala ◽  
N. Jawahar ◽  
G. Arthi ◽  
Sugumari Vallinayagam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Heterogeneous Reaction ◽  
Waste Water Treatment

Majolica in the Early Colonial Andes: The Role of Panamanian Wares

2001 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross W. Jamieson
Keyword(s):  
Spanish Colonial ◽  
Important Indicator ◽  
The Andes ◽  
Early Colonial ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Elite Status ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The City ◽  
Made In

As one of the most common artifact categories found on Spanish colonial sites, the wheel-made, tin-glazed pottery known as majolica is an important chronological and social indicator for archaeologists. Initially imported from Europe, several manufacturing centers for majolica were set up in the New World by the late sixteenth century. The study of colonial majolica in the Viceroyalty of Peru, which encompassed much of South America, has received less attention than ceramic production and trade in the colonial Caribbean and Mesoamerica. Prior to 1650 the Viceroyalty of Peru was supplied with majolica largely produced in the city of Panama Vieja, on the Pacific. Panama Vieja majolica has been recovered from throughout the Andes, as far south as Argentina. Majolica made in Panama Vieja provides an important chronological indicator of early colonial archaeological contexts in the region. The reproduction of Iberian-style majolica for use on elite tables was symbolically important to the imposition of Spanish rule, and thus Panamanian majolicas also provide an important indicator of elite status on Andean colonial sites.

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