scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Variability and Trends of Marine Heat Waves in the Red Sea over 38 Years

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 842
Author(s):  
Bayoumy Mohamed ◽  
Hazem Nagy ◽  
Omneya Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Red Sea ◽  
Heat Waves ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Spatiotemporal Variability ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Orthogonal Function ◽  
Sst Variability ◽  
Warming Rate ◽  
Marine Environment Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Service

Marine heat waves (MHWs) can have catastrophic consequences for the socio-environmental system. Especially in the Red Sea, which has the world’s second longest coral reef system. Here, we investigate the sea surface temperature (SST) variability and trends, as well as the spatiotemporal characteristics of marine heat waves (MHWs) in the Red Sea, using high resolution daily gridded (1/20°) SST data obtained from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) for the period 1982–2019. Results show that the average warming rate was about 0.342 ± 0.047 °C/decade over the entire Red Sea over the whole study period. The Empirical Orthogonal Function (EOF) analysis reveals that the maximum variability is over the central part of the Red Sea, while the minimum variability is in the southernmost part of the Red Sea. Over the last two decades (2000–2019), we have discovered that the average MHW frequency and duration increased by 35% and 67%, respectively. The results illustrate that the MHW frequency and duration trends have increased by 1.17 counts/decade and 1.79 days/decade, respectively, over the study period. The highest annual MHW frequencies were detected in the years 2018, 2019, 2010, and 2017. A strong correlation (R = 0.89) was found between the annual MHW frequency and the annual mean SST.

scholarly journals The MULTI OBSERVATIONS Thematic Assembly Centre of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie Guinehut ◽  
Bruno Buongiorno Nardelli ◽  
Trang Chau ◽  
Frederic Chevallier ◽  
Daniele Ciani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Fusion ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Sea Surface Salinity ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Surface Salinity ◽  
In Situ Observations ◽  
Marine Environment Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Service

<p>Complementary to ocean state estimate provided by modelling/assimilation systems, a multi observations-based approach is available through the MULTI OSERVATIONS (MULTIOBS) Thematic Assembly Center (TAC) of the European Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS).</p><p>CMEMS MULTIOBS TAC proposes products based on satellite & in situ observations and state-of-the-art data fusion techniques. These products are fully qualified and documented and, are distributed through the CMEMS catalogue (http://marine.copernicus.eu/services-portfolio). They cover the global ocean for physical and biogeochemical (BGC) variables. They are available in Near-Real-Time (NRT) or as Multi-Year Products (MYP) for the past 28 to 36 years.</p><p>Satellite input observations include altimetry but also sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity as well as ocean color. In situ observations of physical and BGC variables are from autonomous platform such as Argo, moorings and ship-based measurements. Data fusion techniques are based on multiple linear regression method, multidimensional optimal interpolation method or neural networks.</p><p>MULTIOBS TAC provides the following products at global scale:</p><ul><li>3D temperature, salinity and geostrophic current fields, both in NRT and as MYP;</li> <li>2D sea surface salinity and sea surface density fields, both in NRT and as MYP;</li> <li>2D total surface and near-surface currents, both in NRT and as MYP;</li> <li>3D vertical current as MYP;</li> <li>2D surface carbon fields of CO<sub>2</sub> flux (fgCO<sub>2</sub>), pCO<sub>2</sub> and pH as MYP;</li> <li>Nutrient vertical distribution (including nitrate, phosphate and silicate) profiles as MYP;</li> <li>3D Particulate Organic Carbon (POC) and Chlorophyll-a (Chl-a) fields as MYP.</li> </ul><p>Furthermore, MULTIOBS TAC provides specific Ocean Monitoring Indicators (OMIs), based on the above products, to monitor the global ocean 3D hydrographic variability patterns (water masses) and the global ocean carbon sink.</p>

scholarly journals Sea Surface Temperature Of Manado Bay and Its Surroundings

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 167
Author(s):  
Kheren Patrisia Paruntu ◽  
Royke M Rampengan ◽  
Hermanto W. K Manengkey ◽  
Jane M Mamuaya ◽  
Agung B Windarto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Temperature ◽  
Sea Surface Temperature ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Digital Data ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Atmospheric Variability ◽  
North Sulawesi ◽  
Marine Environment Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Service

Indonesia is a maritime country where as much as two-thirds of its territory is the ocean. The waters of Manado Bay and its surroundings which are located in North Sulawesi Province are waters with great potential. Bunaken National Park, which is an important tourist destination in Indonesia, is situated in Manado Bay. Sea surface temperature (SST) is an important factor that influences climate dynamics and also the life of marine organisms. The information regarding SST is needed not only on a local scale but also globally. SST is a key variable that underpins weather predictions, ocean forecasts, and ocean-atmospheric variability leading to the understanding and forecasting of short- and long-term climate variability. This study was conducted with the aim of describing and analyzing daily and seasonal SST in several places in the waters of Manado Bay and its surroundings. The study was conducted by using data from the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), which is a global marine data provider institution. This digital data have scientific qualifications and is updated regularly. CMEMS provides maps and data for forecasting oceanographic conditions. Based on the study conducted, it was found that in 2020 the SST at the research location was varied according to the time and station determined. The highest SST in Manado Bay and the surrounding waters generally occurs around May, although the values are not exactly the same. The lowest SST value varies by station, but the value can be at a temperature slightly below 28oC and occurs around February to April.Keywords : SST; Manado Bay; Bunaken Island; CMEMSAbstrak Indonesia merupakan Negara maritim di mana sebanyak dua per tiga wilayah Indonesia adalah laut. Perairan Teluk Manado dan sekitarnya yang terletak di Provinsi Sulawesi Utara merupakan salah satu perairan yang sangat potensial. Taman Nasional  Bunaken yang menjadi tempat tujuan wisata yang penting di Indonesia.  Suhu permukaan laut (SPL) merupakan faktor penting yang mempengaruhi dinamika iklim dan juga kehidupan organisme laut. Kepentingan terhadap informasi menyangkut SPL dibutuhkan bukan hanya pada skala lokal, tetapi juga global.  SPL adalah variabel kunci yang mendukung prediksi cuaca, prakiraan laut, dan variabilitas atmosfer laut yang mengarah pada pemahaman dan prakiraan variabilitas iklim jangka pendek dan jangka panjang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan tujuan mendeskripsikan dan menganalisis SPL harian dan musiman di beberapa tempat pada kawasan perairan Teluk Manado dan sekitarnya.  Kajian dilakukan menggunakan data Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) yang adalah suatu lembaga penyedia data kelautan global.  Data digital ini memiliki kualifikasi ilmiah dan diperbarui secara berkala. CMEMS menyediakan  peta dan data  untuk prakiraan kondisi oseanografi. Berdasarkan kajian yang dilakukan, selama tahun 2020 SPL pada lokasi penelitian berada pada kisaran yang berbeda menurut waktu maupun stasiun yang ditetapkan. SPL tertinggi Teluk Manado dan perairan sekitarnya umumnya terjadi pada sekitar bulan Mei, walaupun dengan nilai yang tidak persis sama. Nilai SPL terendah berbeda menurut stasiun, tetapi nilainya bisa berada pada suhu sedikit di bawah 28oC dan terjadi pada sekitar bulan Februari sampai April.

scholarly journals Influence of meteorological factors and conditions on sea surface chlorophyll concentrations

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Διονυσία Κόττα
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
Meteorological Factors ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Weather Forecasts ◽  
European Centre ◽  
Medium Range ◽  
Marine Environment Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Service ◽  
Chlorophyll Concentrations

Η παρούσα διδακτορική διατριβή συμβάλλει στη μελέτη της κατανόησης της επίδρασης μετεωρολογικών παραγόντων και συνθηκών στις συγκεντρώσεις χλωροφύλλης του επιφανειακού θαλάσσιου στρώματος (ενδεικτικής της αφθονίας του φυτοπλαγκτού). Εστιάζει στο ολιγοτροφικό περιβάλλον της Ανατολικής Μεσογείου που παρουσιάζει πλήθος μετεωρολογικών και ωκεανογραφικών χαρακτηριστικών. Η έρευνα βασίστηκε σε δορυφορικά δεδομένα χλωροφύλλης-α από την Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service και προϊόντα reanalysis του European Centre for Medium-Range Weather Forecasts για τις μετεωρολογικές παραμέτρους. Το αμφιλεγόμενο θέμα της ευνοϊκής επίδρασης της σκόνης στις συγκεντρώσεις χλωροφύλλης μελετήθηκε περαιτέρω. Εξετάστηκαν διάφορα επεισόδια σκόνης, εστιάζοντας στις Ελληνικές Θάλασσες που δεν έχουν μελετηθεί επαρκώς, ενώ οι επικρατούσες καιρικές συνθήκες λήφθηκαν υπόψη. Τα αποτελέσματα δεν οδήγησαν σε ασφαλή συμπεράσματα, καθώς παρατηρήθηκαν αυξήσεις αλλά και μειώσεις στη συγκέντρωση της χλωροφύλλης μετά τα επεισόδια. Η μελέτη κατέδειξε επίσης τη δυσκολία διάκρισης μεταξύ σκόνης και άλλων μετεωρολογικών παραγόντων ως προς την επίδραση τους στην ανάπτυξη του φυτοπλαγκτού. Ορισμένα ισχυρά καιρικά φαινόμενα μελετήθηκαν όσον αφορά στην επίδρασή τους στη χλωροφύλλη για τις Ελληνικές Θάλασσες και παρατηρήθηκε πως ευνοούν την αύξησή της. Η έρευνα συνεχίστηκε εστιάζοντας στην ανοιχτή θάλασσα. Για πρώτη φορά, εξετάστηκαν περιπτώσεις μεσογειακών κυκλώνων. Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν ότι, μετά τη διέλευση των κυκλώνων, οι συγκεντρώσεις της επιφανειακής χλωροφύλλης ήταν υψηλότερες συγκρινόμενες με εκείνες πριν αλλά και με τις κλιματολογικές μηνιαίες τιμές σε μεγάλο μέρος των περιοχών που επηρεάστηκαν. Η αύξηση της χλωροφύλλης ήταν συγκρίσιμη με εκείνη που προκαλούν οι τυφώνες σε ολιγοτροφικά θαλάσσια περιβάλλοντα. Οι κύριοι μηχανισμοί που έχουν προταθεί για να εξηγήσουν τις αυξημένες συγκεντρώσεις χλωροφύλλης μετά από τροπικούς κυκλώνες φαίνεται να ισχύουν και για τους μεσογειακούς κυκλώνες. Οι σχέσεις μεταξύ των συγκεντρώσεων της χλωροφύλλης του θαλάσσιου επιφανειακού στρώματος και επιλεγμένων μετεωρολογικών παραμέτρων διερευνήθηκαν σε ευρύτερη χρονική και χωρική κλίμακα. Οι περιοχές του κυκλώνα της Ρόδου και των Κυκλάδων εξετάστηκαν για μια περίοδο 10 ετών και για το μήνα Μάρτιο. Μεγαλύτερες ταχύτητες ανέμου, αρκετή βροχόπτωση, χαμηλότερη πίεση στη μέση στάθμη της θάλασσας και σχετικά χαμηλή θερμοκρασία επιφάνειας θάλασσας, σε σύγκριση με τις κλιματολογικές τιμές, αναγνωρίστηκαν ως πιθανοί παράγοντες για υψηλότερες τιμές χλωροφύλλης. Η έρευνα προχώρησε στον υπολογισμό των συντελεστών συσχέτισης μεταξύ των μηνιαίων ανωμαλιών της χλωροφύλλης του επιφανειακού θαλάσσιου στρώματος και περιβαλλοντικών παραγόντων για ολόκληρη την Ανατολική Μεσόγειο. Οι υπολογισμοί βασίστηκαν στη μεγαλύτερη χρονοσειρά δεδομένων υψηλής ακρίβειας που έχει χρησιμοποιηθεί μέχρι τώρα, διέκριναν τις συσχετίσεις μεταξύ των εποχών και, συμπεριέλαβαν για πρώτη φορά τις παραμέτρους του ύψους κύματος, της πίεσης στη μέση στάθμη θάλασσας και της βροχόπτωσης, Τα αποτελέσματα έδειξαν αρνητικές συσχετίσεις της χλωροφύλλης με την επιφανειακή θερμοκρασία της θάλασσας και την πίεση στη μέση στάθμη θάλασσας και θετικές με την ταχύτητα του ανέμου, το ύψος κύματος και τον υετό. Οι συσχετίσεις βρέθηκαν έντονα εξαρτώμενες από την εποχή του χρόνου, με αυτές μεταξύ της βροχόπτωσης και της χλωροφύλλης να χαρακτηρίζουν την περίοδο χαμηλής παραγωγικότητας.

scholarly journals Implementation and validation of a new operational wave forecasting system of the Mediterranean Monitoring and Forecasting Centre in the framework of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service

2018 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 2675-2695 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michalis Ravdas ◽  
Anna Zacharioudaki ◽  
Gerasimos Korres
Keyword(s):  
Mediterranean Sea ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Model Performance ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Marine Research ◽  
Forecasting System ◽  
The Mediterranean ◽  
Marine Environment Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Service ◽  
Wave Forecasting

Abstract. Within the framework of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS), an operational wave forecasting system for the Mediterranean Sea has been implemented by the Hellenic Centre for Marine Research (HCMR) and evaluated through a series of preoperational tests and subsequently for 1 full year of simulations (2014). The system is based on the WAM model and it has been developed as a nested sequence of two computational grids to ensure that occasional remote swell propagating from the North Atlantic correctly enters the Mediterranean Sea through the Strait of Gibraltar. The Mediterranean model has a grid spacing of 1∕24∘. It is driven with 6-hourly analysis and 5-day forecast 10 m ECMWF winds. It accounts for shoaling and refraction due to bathymetry and surface currents, which are provided in offline mode by CMEMS. Extensive statistics on the system performance have been calculated by comparing model results with in situ and satellite observations. Overall, the significant wave height is accurately simulated by the model while less accurate but reasonably good results are obtained for the mean wave period. In both cases, the model performs optimally at offshore wave buoy locations and well-exposed Mediterranean subregions. Within enclosed basins and near the coast, unresolved topography by the wind and wave models and fetch limitations cause the wave model performance to deteriorate. Model performance is better in winter when the wave conditions are well defined. On the whole, the new forecast system provides reliable forecasts. Future improvements include data assimilation and higher-resolution wind forcing.

Nemo-Nordic 2.0: Updated Baltic Sea model based on NEMO 4.0

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuomas Kärnä ◽  
Ida Ringgaard ◽  
Vasily Korabel ◽  
Adam Nord ◽  
Patrik Ljungemyr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Baltic Sea ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Sea Surface ◽  
Small Scale ◽  
The Baltic Sea ◽  
Inflow Event ◽  
Arkona Basin ◽  
The Baltic ◽  
Marine Environment Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Service

<p>We present Nemo-Nordic 2.0, the latest version of the operational marine forecasting model for the Baltic Sea used and developed in the Baltic Monitoring Forecasting Centre (BAL MFC) under the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS). The most notable differences between Nemo-Nordic 2.0 and its predecessor Nemo-Nordic 1.0 are the switch from NEMO 3.6 to NEMO 4.0 and an increase in horizontal resolution from 2 to 1 nautical mile. In addition, the model's bathymetry and bottom friction formulation have been updated. The model configuration was specially tuned to represent Major Baltic Inflow events. Focusing on a 2-year validation period from October 1, 2014, covering one Major Baltic Inflow event, Nemo-Nordic 2.0 simulates Sea Surface Height (SSH) well: centralized Root-Mean-Square Deviation (CRMSD) is within 10 cm for most stations outside the Inner Danish Waters. CRMSD is higher at some stations where small-scale topographical features cannot be correctly resolved. SSH variability tends to be overestimated in the Baltic Sea and underestimated in the Inner Danish Waters. Nemo-Nordic 2.0 represents Sea Surface Temperature (SST) and Salinity (SSS) well, although there is a negative bias around -0.5°C in SST. The 2014 Major Baltic Inflow event is well reproduced. The simulated salt pulse agrees well with observations in the Arkona basin and progresses into the Gotland basin in 3 to 4 months.</p>

Ocean reporting of the Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karina von Schuckmann ◽  
Pierre-Yves Le Traon
Keyword(s):  
Marine Environment ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Global Ocean ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Web Portal ◽  
Environmental Reporting ◽  
Wide Audience ◽  
Marine Environment Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Service

<p>The Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service (CMEMS) ocean state-of-the-art ocean reporting for the global ocean and European seas is part of the production center service elements in order to establish a unique reference of value-added expert information at a regular frequency. This is achieved through two principal activities:</p><ol><li>Annual release of the peer-reviewed CMEMS Ocean State Report containing a state-of-the-art value-added synthesis of the ocean state, variability and change from the past to present</li> <li>Ocean Monitoring Indicators and related operational framework on the CMEMS web portal. In particular, CMEMS has developed several indicators based on global or regional ocean reanalyses. For a series of indicators, consistency estimates are available, based on a multiproduct approach inherited from CLIVAR/GODAEIV-TT ORA IP.</li> </ol><p>This activity is aiming to reach a wide audience from the scientific community, over climate and environmental service and agencies, environmental reporting bodies, decision maker to the general public. Currently, the ocean state report activity is in its 5<sup>th</sup> cycle, and a huge number of indicators have been made freely available via the CMEMS web portal, including numerical data, scientific and quality context and product documentation. We will give here an overview on the CMEMS ocean reporting activity, highlight main outcomes, and introduce future plans and developments.</p>

scholarly journals PEMETAAN DISTRIBUSI TOTAL SUSPENDED SOLID DAN PERUBAHAN GARIS PANTAI DI SIDOARJO-PASURUAN DENGAN MENGGUNAKAN DATA PENGINDERAAN JAUH

GEOMATIKA ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 25
Author(s):  
Niken Dwi Wijayanti
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Marine Environment ◽  
Total Suspended Solid ◽  
Suspended Solid ◽  
United States Geological Survey ◽  
Landsat 8 ◽  
Environment Monitoring ◽  
Landsat 7 ◽  
Marine Environment Monitoring ◽  
Monitoring Service

<p>Perairan Porong merupakan daerah muara sungai yang mengalami proses sedimentasi akibat bermuaranya air Sungai Porong ke Selat Madura yang membawa sedimen. Hal tersebut diduga akan menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan garis pantai yang ada di sekitarnya. Disamping itu, perubahan morfologi daratan seperti abrasi atau sedimentasi dipengaruhi oleh faktor oseanografi fisik seperti arus. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami pengaruh arus terhadap distribusi <em>Total Suspended Solid</em> (TSS) serta dampaknya terhadap perubahan garis pantai di Perairan Sidoarjo-Pasuruan. Data yang digunakan yaitu citra Landsat 7 (2002) dan Landsat 8 (2013 dan 2017) yang diperoleh dari<em> United States Geological Survey </em>serta data arus dari <em>Copernicus Marine Environment Monitoring Service</em>. Penginderaan jauh digunakan untuk menganalisa perubahan garis pantai dan distribusi TSS. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan arus, dengan kecepatan 0.02-0.1 m/s, di Perairan Sidoarjo-Pasuruan berpengaruh terhadap distribusi TSS dengan arah menuju Barat dan Barat Laut. Konsentrasi TSS yang tinggi di perairan dekat pantai menyebabkan terjadinya perubahan garis pantai yang ditandai dengan tingginya sedimentasi di lokasi tersebut. Lebih lanjut hasil menunjukkan bahwa perubahan garis pantai di Sidoarjo-Pasuruan tahun 2002-2013 sebesar 9,305 km dan 2013-2017 sebesar 3,226 km. Peningkatan konsentrasi TSS di Perairan Sidoarjo-Pasuruan sebanding dengan penambahan garis pantai.</p><p><em><br /></em></p>

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document