Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Forest Soils Reduced by Straw Biochar and Nitrapyrin Applications

Forestlands are widely distributed in the dominantly agricultural landscape in western Canada, and they play important ecological functions; such forestlands (e.g., shelterbelts) accumulate soil organic matter and may receive a substantial amount of nitrogen in the form of surface and subsurface runoff from adjacent croplands and become a significant source of emissions of greenhouse gases (GHGs) such as CO2, N2O, and CH4. Biochar and nitrapyrin applications could potentially mitigate GHG emissions, but their co-application in forest soils has not been studied. We investigated the effect of the application of biochars produced at low (300 °C; BC300) and high temperatures (700 °C; BC700) using canola (Brassica napus L.) straw and the effect of their co-application with nitrapyrin on GHG emissions and soil properties in a 35-day laboratory incubation experiment using forest soils collected from five shelterbelt sites. Results showed no significant interaction effect of biochar and nitrapyrin on the global warming potential (GWP) of the GHG emissions, and the GWP was 15.8% lower in the soil with nitrapyrin than without nitrapyrin application treatments. The GWP was significantly enhanced by BC300 addition due to a 26.9% and 627.1% increase in cumulative CO2 and N2O emissions, respectively, over the 35-day incubation. The GWP significantly decreased by BC700 addition due to a 27.1% decrease in cumulative CO2 emissions. However, biochar addition did not affect CH4 emissions, while nitrapyrin decreased CH4 uptake by 50.5%. With BC300 addition, soil-dissolved organic carbon and microbial biomass carbon increased by 26.5% and 33.9%, respectively, as compared to no biochar addition (CK). Soil pH increased by 0.16 and 0.37 units after the addition of BC300 and BC700, respectively. Overall, the effect of biochar and nitrapyrin was independent in mitigating GHG emissions and was related to the type of biochar applied and changes in soil properties.

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Phosphorus addition mitigates N<sub>2</sub>O and CH<sub>4</sub> emissions in N-saturated subtropical forest, SW China

10.5194/bg-2016-470 ◽

2016 ◽

Author(s):

Longfei Yu ◽

Yihao Wang ◽

Xiaoshan Zhang ◽

Peter Dörsch ◽

Jan Mulder

Keyword(s):

Forest Soils ◽

Forest Ecosystems ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Subtropical Forest ◽

Forest Growth ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Masson Pine ◽

Sw China ◽

Ch4 Emissions ◽

P Addition

Abstract. Chronically elevated nitrogen (N) deposition has led to severe nutrient imbalance in forest soils. Particularly in tropical and subtropical forest ecosystems, increasing N loading has aggravated phosphorus (P) limitation of biomass production, and has resulted in elevated emissions of nitrous oxide (N2O) and reduced uptake of methane (CH4), both of which are important greenhouse gases. Yet, the interactions of N and P and their effects on GHG emissions remain understudied. Here, we report N2O and CH4 emissions together with soil chemistry data for the a period of 18 months following P addition (79 kg P ha−1 yr−1, applied as NaH2PO4 powder) to a N-saturated, Masson pine-dominated forest at TieShanPing (TSP), Chongqing, SW China. We observed a significant decline both in NO3− concentrations in soil water (at 5- and 20-cm depths) and in N2O emissions, the latter by 3 kg N ha−1 yr−1. We hypothesize that enhanced N uptake by plants and soil microbes in response to P addition, results in less available NO3− for denitrification. By contrast to most other forest ecosystems, TSP is a net source of CH4. As for N2O, P addition significantly decreased CH4 emissions, turning the soil into a net sink. Based on our data and previous studies in South America and China, we believe that P addition relieves N-inhibition of CH4 oxidation. Within the 1.5 years after P addition, no significant increase of forest growth was observed at TSP, but we cannot exclude that understory vegetation increased. Our study suggests that P fertilization of acid forest soils could mitigate GHG emissions in addition to alleviate nutrient imbalances and reduce losses of nitrogen through NO3− leaching and N2O emission.

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Changes in GHG Emissions Based on Irrigation Water Quality in Short-Term Incubated Agricultural Soil of the North China Plain

Agriculture ◽

10.3390/agriculture11121268 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (12) ◽

pp. 1268

Author(s):

Guangshuai Wang ◽

Zhenjie Du ◽

Huifeng Ning ◽

Hao Liu ◽

Sunusi Amin Abubakar ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Water Quality ◽

Irrigation Water ◽

North China Plain ◽

Saline Water ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Water Shortage ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Irrigation Water Quality ◽

The North ◽

Ch4 Uptake

A worsening water shortage is threatening the sustainable development of agriculture in the North China Plain (NCP). How to make effective use of inferior water resources and alleviate the impact of insufficient water resources on agricultural environments is one of the urgent problems in agricultural production. Although agriculture plays an important role in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, the effects of irrigation water quality on such emissions in the NCP are not clear. In this study, we used a short-term incubation experiment to test the effects of the irrigation water quality (underground water (UW), saline water (SW), and reclaimed water (RW)) and frequency (high (H) and low (L)) on regulating the soil GHG emissions of the NCP. The results indicated that RW treatment increased the CO2 and N2O emissions by 15.00% and 20.81%, respectively, and reduced the CH4 uptake by 12.50% compared with the UW treatment. In addition, SW treatment decreased the CO2 and N2O emissions and CH4 uptake by 35.18%, 40.27%, and 20.09% against UW treatment, respectively. The high-frequency water added to the soil significantly increased the GHG emissions for all water qualities applied. Compared with UW, the global warming potential was significantly increased by RW_H and RW_L with 26.48% and 14.5% and decreased by SW_H and SW_L with 32.13% and 43.9%, respectively. Compared with the increase brought by reclaimed water, changing irrigation water sources from conventional groundwater to saline water (4 g L−1) will moderately reduce GHG emissions under the worsening water shortage conditions occurring in the NCP.

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Influence of vegetation types and soil properties on microbial biomass carbon and metabolic quotients in temperate volcanic and tropical forest soils

Soil Science & Plant Nutrition ◽

10.1111/j.1747-0765.2007.00146.x ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 53 (4) ◽

pp. 430-440 ◽

Cited By ~ 38

Author(s):

Xingkai Xu ◽

Lin Han ◽

Yuesi Wang ◽

Kazuyuki Inubushi

Keyword(s):

Microbial Biomass ◽

Tropical Forest ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Forest Soils ◽

Microbial Biomass Carbon ◽

Biomass Carbon ◽

Vegetation Types

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Influence of Aeration Method on Gaseous Emissions and the Losses of the Carbon and Nitrogen during Cow Manure Composting

Applied Sciences ◽

10.3390/app112411639 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (24) ◽

pp. 11639

Author(s):

Youling Wang ◽

Huizhen Qiu ◽

Mengchan Li ◽

Philip Ghanney

Keyword(s):

Co2 Emissions ◽

Dry Matter ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Gaseous Emissions ◽

Cow Manure ◽

Carbon And Nitrogen ◽

Ph Values ◽

Principal Pathway ◽

Cumulative Co2 Emissions

The objective of this research was to explore the effects of different aeration methods on NH3 and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and the losses of carbon and nitrogen from composting of cow manure and corn stalks in the laboratory-scale reactors. Here, we designed three treatments, including continuous aerated treatment C1 (aeration rates 0.21 L·kg−1 dry matter (DM)·min−1) and intermittent aerated treatments I1 (aeration rates 0.42 L·kg−1 DM·min−1; aerate 10 min, stop 10 min) and I2 (aeration rates 0.84 L·kg−1 DM·min−1; aerate 5 min, stop 15 min). The results showed that the physicochemical parameters (temperature, pH values, and germination index) of composting products met the requirements of maturity and sanitation. Compared with continuous aerated treatment C1, the cumulative NH3 emissions of I1 and I2 treatments decreased by 24.37% and 19.27%, while the cumulative CO2 emissions decreased by 13.01% and 20.72%. On the contrary, the cumulative N2O emissions of I1 and I2 treatments increased by 22.22% and 43.14%. CO2 emission was the principal pathway for the TOC losses, which comprised over 65% of TOC losses. C1 treatment had the highest TOC losses due to its highest cumulative CO2 emissions. The TN losses of I1 and I2 treatments reduced 9.07% and 6.1% compared to C1 treatment, so the intermittent aerated modes could reduce the TN loss. Due to the potential for mitigation of gaseous emissions, I1 treatment was recommended to be used in aerobic composting of cow manure.

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Optimal Coupling of Straw and Synthetic Fertilizers Incorporation on Soil Properties, Active Fe Dynamics, and Greenhouse Gas Emission in Jasminum sambac (L.) Field in Southeastern China

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su11041092 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 11 (4) ◽

pp. 1092 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Chun Wang ◽

Qingwen Min ◽

Abbas Abid ◽

Jordi Sardans ◽

Honghui Wu ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Co2 Emission ◽

Ghg Emissions ◽

Fertilizer Treatment ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

Synthetic Fertilizers ◽

Ch4 And N2o ◽

Jasminum Sambac

In agriculture, synthetic fertilizers have played a key role in enhancing food production and keeping the world’s population adequately fed. China’s participation is essential to global efforts in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions because it is the largest producer and consumer of synthetic fertilizers. A field experiment was conducted in a Jasminum sambac (L.) field to evaluate the impact different doses of fertilizers (half, standard, and double) and their combination with straw on ecosystem (including crop plants and soil) GHG emissions. The results showed that in comparison with the control or straw treatments, the straw + standard fertilizer treatment increased the soil water content. The fertilizer treatments decreased the soil pH, but the straw and combination treatments, especially the straw + standard fertilizer treatment, had higher soil pH in comparison with the fertilizer treatment. The active soil Fe (Fe2+ and Fe3+) concentration was slightly increased in the straw + standard fertilizer treatment in comparison with the control. Moreover, fertilizer increased the CO2 emission, and we detected a positive interaction between the straw application and the double fertilization dose that increased CO2 emission, but the straw + standard fertilizer treatment decreased it. Fertilizer decreased CH4 and N2O emissions, but when straw and fertilizer treatments were applied together, this increased CH4 and N2O emissions. Overall, considering the soil properties and GHG emissions, the straw + standard fertilizer treatment was the best method to enhance soil water retention capacity, improve soil acid, and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions for sustainable management of J. sambac dry croplands.

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Seed Bank and Vegetation in a Closed Depression in Agricultural Landscape: Relation to Moisture Conditions and Soil Properties

Polish Journal of Ecology ◽

10.3161/15052249pje2020.68.3.002 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

Author(s):

Magdalena Franczak ◽

Łukasz Franczak

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Seed Bank ◽

Agricultural Landscape ◽

Moisture Conditions

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Relating Sulfate Adsorption to Soil Properties in Michigan Forest Soils

Soil Science Society of America Journal ◽

10.2136/sssaj1990.03615995005400010038x ◽

1990 ◽

Vol 54 (1) ◽

pp. 238-245 ◽

Cited By ~ 27

Author(s):

Neil W. MacDonald ◽

James B. Hart

Keyword(s):

Soil Properties ◽

Forest Soils ◽

Sulfate Adsorption

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Effect of Organic Amendment Addition on Soil Properties, Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Grape Yield in Semi-Arid Vineyard Agroecosystems

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy11081477 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (8) ◽

pp. 1477

Author(s):

Antonio Marín-Martínez ◽

Alberto Sanz-Cobeña ◽

Mª Angeles Bustamante ◽

Enrique Agulló ◽

Concepción Paredes

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Organic Amendments ◽

Organic N ◽

N2o Emissions ◽

The Impact ◽

Semi Arid ◽

Grape Yield

In semi-arid vineyard agroecosystems, highly vulnerable in the context of climate change, the soil organic matter (OM) content is crucial to the improvement of soil fertility and grape productivity. The impact of OM, from compost and animal manure, on soil properties (e.g., pH, oxidisable organic C, organic N, NH4+-N and NO3−-N), grape yield and direct greenhouse gas (GHG) emission in vineyards was assessed. For this purpose, two wine grape varieties were chosen and managed differently: with a rain-fed non-trellising vineyard of Monastrell, a drip-irrigated trellising vineyard of Monastrell and a drip-irrigated trellising vineyard of Cabernet Sauvignon. The studied fertiliser treatments were without organic amendments (C), sheep/goat manure (SGM) and distillery organic waste compost (DC). The SGM and DC treatments were applied at a rate of 4600 kg ha−1 (fresh weight, FW) and 5000 kg ha−1 FW, respectively. The use of organic amendments improved soil fertility and grape yield, especially in the drip-irrigated trellising vineyards. Increased CO2 emissions were coincident with higher grape yields and manure application (maximum CO2 emissions = 1518 mg C-CO2 m−2 d−1). In contrast, N2O emissions, mainly produced through nitrification, were decreased in the plots showing higher grape production (minimum N2O emissions = −0.090 mg N2O-N m−2 d−1). In all plots, the CH4 fluxes were negative during most of the experiment (−1.073−0.403 mg CH4-C m−2 d−1), indicating that these ecosystems can represent a significant sink for atmospheric CH4. According to our results, the optimal vineyard management, considering soil properties, yield and GHG mitigation together, was the use of compost in a drip-irrigated trellising vineyard with the grape variety Monastrell.

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