scholarly journals The Effect of a Scanning Strategy on the Residual Stress of 316L Steel Parts Fabricated by Selective Laser Melting (SLM)

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1821 ◽  
Author(s):  
Di Wang ◽  
Shibiao Wu ◽  
Yongqiang Yang ◽  
Wenhao Dou ◽  
Shishi Deng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Effective Means ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Scanning Strategy ◽  
Deformation Degree ◽  
316L Steel ◽  
Stress And Deformation ◽  
Scanning Strategies

The laser scanning strategy has an important influence on the surface quality, residual stress, and deformation of the molten metal (deformation behavior). A divisional scanning strategy is an effective means used to reduce the internal stress of the selective laser melting (SLM) metal part. In order to understand and optimize the divisional scanning strategy, three divisional scanning strategies and an S-shaped orthogonal scanning strategy are used to produce 316L steel parts in this study. The influence of scanning strategy on the produced parts is verified from the aspects of densification, residual stress distribution and deformation. Experiments show that the 316L steel alloy parts adopted spiral divisional scanning strategy can not only obtain the densification of 99.37%, but they also effectively improve the distribution of residual stress and control the deformation degree of the produced parts. Among them, the spiral divisional scanning sample has the smallest residual stress in plane direction, and its σx and σy stress are controlled within 204 MPa and 103 MPa. The above results show that the spiral divisional scanning is the most conducive strategy to obtain higher residual stress performance of SLM 316L steel parts.

Determination of residual stress for Inconel 718 samples fabricated through different scanning strategies in selective laser melting

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vignesh Ram Kumar Rajendran ◽  
Kiriti Mamidi ◽  
Bharath Ravichander ◽  
Behzad Farhang ◽  
Amirhesam Amerinatanzi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Inconel 718 ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Scanning Strategies

The effect of hatch angle rotation on parts manufactured using selective laser melting

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 289-298 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Henry Robinson ◽  
Ian Robert Thomas Ashton ◽  
Eric Jones ◽  
Peter Fox ◽  
Chris Sutcliffe
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Surface Roughness ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Pure Titanium ◽  
Commercially Pure Titanium ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Axial Tensile ◽  
Effects Of Rotation ◽  
Scanning Strategies

Purpose This paper aims to present an investigation into the variation of scan vector hatch rotation strategies in selective laser melting (SLM), focussing on how it effects density, surface roughness, tensile strength and residual stress. Design/methodology/approach First the optimum angle of hatch vector rotation is proposed by analysing the effect of different increment angles on distribution of scan vectors. Sectioning methods are then used to determine the effect that the chosen strategies have on the density of the parts. The top surface roughness was analysed using optical metrology, and the tensile properties were determined using uni-axial tensile testing. Finally, a novel multi-support deflection geometry was used to quantify the effects of rotation angles on residual stress. Findings The results of this research showed that the hatch rotation angle had little effect on the density, top surface roughness and strength of the parts. The greatest residual stress deflection was measured parallel to unidirectional scan vectors. The use of hatch rotations other than alternating 90° showed little benefit in lowering the magnitude of residual stresses. However, the use of rotation angles with a good suitability measure distributes stresses in all directions more evenly for certain part geometries. Research limitations/implications All samples produced in this work were made from commercially pure titanium, therefore care must be taken when applying these results to other materials. Originality/value This paper serves to increase the understanding of SLM scanning strategies and their effect on the properties of the material.

scholarly journals Effects of laser scanning strategies on selective laser melting of pure tungsten

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 025001 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dongdong Gu ◽  
Meng Guo ◽  
Hongmei Zhang ◽  
Yixuan Sun ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Laser Scanning ◽  
Pure Tungsten ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Scanning Strategies

scholarly journals Estimation of Residual Stress in Selective Laser Melting of a Zr-Based Amorphous Alloy

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1480 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Xing ◽  
Di Ouyang ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Lin Liu
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Amorphous Alloy ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Amorphous Alloys ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Scanning Strategy ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Theoretical Analyses

An accurate estimation of residual stresses is crucial to ensure dimensional accuracy and prevent premature fatigue failure of 3D printed components. Different from their crystalline counterparts, the effect of residual stress would be worse for amorphous alloys owing to their intrinsic brittleness with low fracture toughness. However, the generation of residual stress and its performance in 3D printed amorphous alloy components still remain unclear. Here, a finite element method combined with experiments and theoretical analyses was introduced to estimate the residual stress in selective laser melting of a Zr-based amorphous alloy. The results revealed that XY cross scanning strategy exhibits relatively low residual stress by comparison with X and Y strategies, and the residual stress becomes serious with increasing bar thickness. The residual stress, on the other hand, could be tuning by annealing or preheating the substrate. The above scenario is thoroughly understood according to the temperature gradient mechanism and its effect on microstructure evaluation.

scholarly journals Cracking Behavior of René 104 Nickel-Based Superalloy Prepared by Selective Laser Melting Using Different Scanning Strategies

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 2149
Author(s):  
Kai Peng ◽  
Ranxi Duan ◽  
Zuming Liu ◽  
Xueqian Lv ◽  
Quan Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Relative Density ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Cracking Behavior ◽  
Nickel Based Superalloy ◽  
Size Number ◽  
Cracking Performance ◽  
Scanning Strategies

Eliminating cracks is a big challenge for the selective laser melting (SLM) process of low-weldable Nickel-based superalloy. In this work, three scanning strategies of the snake, stripe partition, and chessboard partition were utilized to prepare René 104 Ni-based superalloy, of which the cracking behavior and the residual stress were investigated. The results showed that the scanning strategies had significant effects on the cracking, residual stress, and relative density of the SLMed René 104 superalloy. The scanning strategies with more partitions boosted the emergence of cracks, as high-density cracks occurred in these samples. The overlapping zone (OZ) of the scanning partition was also susceptible to cracking, which increased the size, number, and density of the cracks. The cracking performance was relatively moderate in the snake-scanned samples, while that in the chessboard-partition-scanned samples was the most severe. It is concluded that the partition scanning strategies induced more cracks in the SLMed René 104 superalloy, of which the residual stress was apparently reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to design scanning strategies with optimized scanning partitions and overlaps to avoid cracking and acquire a high-quality, near fully dense, low-weldable Nickel-based superalloy using SLM.

Impact of the scanning strategy on the mechanical behavior of 316L steel synthesized by selective laser melting

2019 ◽  
Vol 45 ◽  
pp. 255-261 ◽  
Author(s):  
O.O. Salman ◽  
F. Brenne ◽  
T. Niendorf ◽  
J. Eckert ◽  
K.G. Prashanth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Selective Laser Melting ◽  
Laser Melting ◽  
Scanning Strategy ◽  
316L Steel
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