scholarly journals Compatibilization of Polypropylene/Polyamide 6 Blend Fibers Using Photo-Oxidized Polypropylene

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 81 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesco La Mantia ◽  
Manuela Ceraulo ◽  
Maria Mistretta ◽  
Luigi Botta ◽  
Marco Morreale
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Elongational Flow ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Polyolefin Blends ◽  
Pp Blends ◽  
Oxidized Polypropylene

The use of polyamide/polyolefin blends has gained importance and concern for years, but they also show some issues to be adequately addressed, such as the incompatibility between the two components. This is usually overcome by using suitable compatibilizers, typically based on functionalized polyolefins. However, there is only little information about the use of a degraded polyolefins to induce compatibilization. This is even truer, as far as polyamide 6/polypropylene (PA6/PP) blends are concerned. In this work, compatibilization of PA6/PP blends by using small amounts of photo-oxidized PP was investigated; furthermore, the effects due to the presence of the photo-oxidized PP were studied also in relationship to the spinning operation, where the existence of the non-isothermal elongational flow can lead to significant, further morphological changes. It was found that isotropic samples showed significant enhancements of the tensile properties upon adding the photo-oxidized PP. Under non-isothermal elongational flow conditions, the presence of the photo-oxidized PP was particularly effective in improving the mechanical properties in comparison to the uncompatibilized blend fibers. Furthermore, an important result was found: The elongational-flow processing allowed obtaining anisotropic samples where the improvements of the properties, in comparison to the isotropic samples, were similar to those achieved by using a compatibilizer.

The Effect of Polyethylene-Octene Elastomer on the Morphological and Mechanical Properties of Polyamide 6/Polypropylene Nanocomposites

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 (8) ◽  
pp. 795-805 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.U. Wahit ◽  
A. Hassan ◽  
Z.A. Mohd Ishak ◽  
A. Abu Bakar
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
Modified Montmorillonite ◽  
Polypropylene Nanocomposites ◽  
Rubber Toughened ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
Pp Blends

Rubber-toughened nanocomposites (RTNC) consisting of ternary blends of polyamide 6 (PA6), polypropylene (PP) and polyethylene-octene elastomer (POE) containing 4 wt% of organophilic modified montmorillonite were produced by melt compounding followed by injection moulding. The blend composition was kept constant (PA6/PP=70/30 parts by weight) while the POE content was varied between 5 and 20 wt%. Maleated PP (PP-g-MA) was used as compatibilizer. The morphology of the RTNC was studied by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The mechanical properties of RTNC were studied through tensile, flexural, Izod impact and fracture toughness properties. While the tensile and flexural properties were found to decrease with the increasing concentration of POE, the toughness was significantly enhanced as compared to the neat PA6/PP blends. In general, the blends containing 10-15 wt% of POE had the best balance of stiffness, strength and toughness. The addition of 30 wt% of PP in the PA6 matrix improved the compatibility between PA6 and the rubber phase. XRD established that the organoclay was well dispersed (exfoliated) and preferentially embedded in the PA6 phase.

Intumescent PP Blends

2003 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 691-702 ◽  
Author(s):  
X. Almeras ◽  
M. Le Bras ◽  
S. Bourbigot ◽  
P. Hornsby ◽  
G. Marosi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Flame Retardancy ◽  
Fire Retardant ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Ammonium Polyphosphate ◽  
Fire Performance ◽  
Fire Retardancy ◽  
Pp Blends

One way to improve the fire performance of polymers is by the development of intumescent systems. The addition of ammonium polyphosphate/polyamide-6 is known to provide flame retardancy in many polymers via an intumescent process. The development of appropriate formulations is limited by their mechanical properties. This study shows that polypropylene based intumescent blends are efficient fire retardant systems and that acceptable mechanical properties can be obtained. It is also shown that adding talc improves the mechanical properties of intumescent polypropylene formulations without decreasing their fire retardancy.

scholarly journals Synergistic effects of carbon nanotubes on the mechanical properties of basalt and carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide 6 hybrid composites

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 553-571 ◽  
Author(s):  
József Szakács ◽  
László Mészáros
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Nanotubes ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Hybrid Composites ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Residual Deformation ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Load Level ◽  
Melt Compounding ◽  
The Matrix

In this study, a new type of carbon nanotube (CNT) and micro fiber (carbon or basalt)-reinforced polyamide 6 hybrid composites were prepared and investigated. Hybrid composites were produced by melt compounding, and specimens were injection molded. Thanks to the proper dispersion of CNT, a remarkable increment in tensile properties was exhibited. The scanning electron microscopy of the fracture surfaces of the tensile-tested materials revealed that during composite preparation the presence of the fibers in the melt facilitated a better dispersion of the CNT, which explains the enhancement in the tensile properties. The deformation components of the materials were also examined at different load levels. The presence of carbon nanotubes decreased residual deformation at every applied load level. Protruding fiber length investigation revealed that improved mechanical properties are not related to fiber-matrix adhesion but to the reinforcing and stress homogenization effect of nanotubes in the matrix.

Study on Mechanical Properties and Phase Morphology of Thermoplastic Polyurethane/Polypropylene Blends Prepared with Vane Extruder

2012 ◽  
Vol 600 ◽  
pp. 256-260 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Feng Liu ◽  
Jin Ping Qu ◽  
Shi Kui Jia ◽  
Yong Qing Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Elongational Flow ◽  
Phase Morphology ◽  
Sem Micrographs ◽  
Partial Miscibility ◽  
Crystallization Ability ◽  
Polypropylene Blends ◽  
Pp Blends ◽  
Dsc Curves

Thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU)/polypropylene (PP) blends with different weight ratios were prepared in a novel vane extruder generating global and dynamic elongational flow. The results indicated that the addition of TPU elastomer to PP significantly improved the mechanical properties of the blends. From the SEM micrographs it could be clearly observed dispersed TPU deformed to be fibers by the effect of elongational flow. Meanwhile the results observed from DSC curves revealed apparent partial miscibility of the blends and enhanced crystallization ability of PP due to the influence of elongational flow

scholarly journals “Compatibilization” through Elongational Flow Processing of LDPE/PA6 Blends

Materials ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 2375 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Mistretta ◽  
Marco Morreale ◽  
Luigi Botta ◽  
Manuela Ceraulo ◽  
Paolo Fontana ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glycidyl Methacrylate ◽  
Elongational Flow ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
The Other ◽  
Low Density Polyethylene ◽  
Processing Conditions ◽  
Polyolefin Blends ◽  
Brittle Ductile Transition ◽  
Processing Techniques ◽  
Suitable Processing

Polyamide/polyolefin blends have gained attention from the academia and the industry for several years. However, in order to optimize their properties, some drawbacks such as chemical incompatibility must be adequately overcome. This can be done by adding suitable compatibilizers. On the other hand, it is less known that suitable processing techniques may also lead to significant results. In a previous work on a low-density polyethylene/polyamide 6 (LDPE/PA6) blend, we found that the orientation due to elongational flow processing conditions could lead to an unexpected brittle–ductile transition. In this work, this phenomenon was further investigated and the attention was mainly focused on the effects that processing can have on the morphology and, as a consequence, on the final properties of a polymer blends. With regard to LDPE/PA6 blend, an important result was found, i.e., the effects on the ductility induced by the elongational flow orientation are similar to those obtained by using an ethylene-glycidyl methacrylate compatibilizer.

scholarly journals Understanding the Morphological Changes in the Polypropylene/Polyamide 6 Fifty/Fifty Blends by Interfacial Modifiers Based on Grafted Atactic Polypropylenes: Microscopic, Mechanical, and Thermal Characterization

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. P. Collar ◽  
J. Taranco ◽  
S. Areso ◽  
Jesús María García-Martínez
Keyword(s):  
Phase Contrast ◽  
Morphological Changes ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Polyamide 6 ◽  
Ternary Blend ◽  
Mechanical And Thermal Properties ◽  
Flow Conditions ◽  
Atactic Polypropylene ◽  
Confined Flow

The main aim of the present work is to correlate the morphological changes observed in the modified PP/PA6 fifty/fifty blends molded at confined flow conditions with both their mechanical and thermal properties and the kind and the amount of the interfacial modifiers used. Both transmitted light optical microscopy in the positive phase contrast mode, PC TOM, and field emission scanning electronic microscopy, FE SEM, were the used techniques for, respectively, general morphology overview and fractures surface analysis. The interfacial modifiers, a succinic anhydride, aPP-SA, and a succinyl-fluorescein, aPP-SF/SA, grafted atactic polypropylenes obtained and well characterized in authors’ laboratories came from the chemical modification of an atactic polypropylene industrial by-product. The amounts of any of both the interfacial modifiers came coded by the Box-Wilson experiment design methodology applied to the overall PP/PA6 binary system, watching that the interfacial agent was not a third component on a ternary blend but a true interfacial modifier in a binary one. All the studies were carried out over suitable specimens according to each test procedure with no further material manipulations to preserve at any moment the morphology of the blends as they emerge from the compression molding step at confined flow conditions.

MICROCAST-X MAR-M-247

Alloy Digest ◽  
1995 ◽  
Vol 44 (5) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Rupture Properties

Abstract The Microcast-X process produces a substantially finer grain size that improves mechanical properties in MAR-M-247 with modest negative impact on rupture properties above 1600 F (871 C). This datasheet provides information on composition, microstructureand tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on casting. Filing Code: Ni-481. Producer or source: Howmet Corporation.

CONDULOY

Alloy Digest ◽  
1953 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Age Hardening ◽  
Beryllium Copper ◽  
Hardening Heat Treatment

Abstract CONDULOY is a low beryllium-copper alloy containing about 1.5% nickel. It responds to age-hardening heat treatment for improved mechanical properties. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on casting, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-11. Producer or source: Brush Beryllium Company.

PD-135

Alloy Digest ◽  
1972 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Thermal Conductivities

Abstract PD-135 is an oxygen-free, age-hardenable copper containing chromium and cadmium. It has excellent mechanical properties and high electrical and thermal conductivities. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties as well as creep and fatigue. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-261. Producer or source: Phelps Dodge Copper Products Company.

COPPER ALLOY No. 675

Alloy Digest ◽  
1971 ◽  
Vol 20 (11) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Copper Alloy ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Zinc Alloy ◽  
Good Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Copper Zinc

Abstract COPPER ALLOY No. 675 is a copper-zinc alloy having excellent mechanical properties and good corrosion resistance. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, tensile properties, and shear strength. It also includes information on corrosion resistance as well as forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: Cu-244. Producer or source: Brass mills.

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