scholarly journals Non-Precious Electrodes for Practical Alkaline Water Electrolysis

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1336 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alejandro N. Colli ◽  
Hubert H. Girault ◽  
Alberto Battistel
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Renewable Energy Sources ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Stainless Steel 316L ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
Cell Components

Water electrolysis is a promising approach to hydrogen production from renewable energy sources. Alkaline water electrolyzers allow using non-noble and low-cost materials. An analysis of common assumptions and experimental conditions (low concentrations, low temperature, low current densities, and short-term experiments) found in the literature is reported. The steps to estimate the reaction overpotentials for hydrogen and oxygen reactions are reported and discussed. The results of some of the most investigated electrocatalysts, namely from the iron group elements (iron, nickel, and cobalt) and chromium are reported. Past findings and recent progress in the development of efficient anode and cathode materials appropriate for large-scale water electrolysis are presented. The experimental work is done involving the direct-current electrolysis of highly concentrated potassium hydroxide solutions at temperatures between 30 and 100 °C, which are closer to industrial applications than what is usually found in literature. Stable cell components and a good performance was achieved using Raney nickel as a cathode and stainless steel 316L as an anode by means of a monopolar cell at 75 °C, which ran for one month at 300 mA cm−2. Finally, the proposed catalysts showed a total kinetic overpotential of about 550 mV at 75 °C and 1 A cm−2.

scholarly journals Towards the Hydrogen Economy—A Review of the Parameters That Influence the Efficiency of Alkaline Water Electrolyzers

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 3193
Author(s):  
Ana L. Santos ◽  
Maria-João Cebola ◽  
Diogo M. F. Santos
Keyword(s):  
Energy Content ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Operating Conditions ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
New Energy ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Cell Components

Environmental issues make the quest for better and cleaner energy sources a priority. Worldwide, researchers and companies are continuously working on this matter, taking one of two approaches: either finding new energy sources or improving the efficiency of existing ones. Hydrogen is a well-known energy carrier due to its high energy content, but a somewhat elusive one for being a gas with low molecular weight. This review examines the current electrolysis processes for obtaining hydrogen, with an emphasis on alkaline water electrolysis. This process is far from being new, but research shows that there is still plenty of room for improvement. The efficiency of an electrolyzer mainly relates to the overpotential and resistances in the cell. This work shows that the path to better electrolyzer efficiency is through the optimization of the cell components and operating conditions. Following a brief introduction to the thermodynamics and kinetics of water electrolysis, the most recent developments on several parameters (e.g., electrocatalysts, electrolyte composition, separator, interelectrode distance) are highlighted.

Atomic Heterointerface Engineering Breaks Activity Limitation of Electrocatalysts and Promises Highly-Efficient Alkaline Water Splitting

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiucheng Xu ◽  
Jiahao Zhang ◽  
Haoxuan Zhang ◽  
Liyue Zhang ◽  
Ling Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Splitting ◽  
Anion Exchange ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Anion Exchange Membrane ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Green Electricity ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
Highly Efficient ◽  
Exchange Membrane

Alkaline water splitting, especially the anion-exchange-membrane based water electrolysis, is an attractive way for low-cost and scalable H2 production. Green electricity-driven alkaline water electrolysis is requested to develop highly-efficient electrocatalysts...

Low-cost and energy-efficient asymmetric nickel electrode for alkaline water electrolysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (34) ◽  
pp. 10720-10725 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jong-Hoon Kim ◽  
Jung-Nam Lee ◽  
Chung-Yul Yoo ◽  
Kyo-Beum Lee ◽  
Woong-Moo Lee
Keyword(s):  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Nickel Electrode ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Alkaline Water

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Ni-Zn-Fe Alloy as an Electrocatalyst for Alkaline Water Electrolysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 190 ◽  
pp. 00036
Author(s):  
Rugi Vicente Del Castillo Rubi ◽  
Marie Angelynne Fabro ◽  
Milton Bianda Dela Rosa ◽  
Maria Angelica Abello Diongson ◽  
Gee Hyun Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Oxidation ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrochemical Behaviour ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Alkaline Water ◽  
Solid Catalysts ◽  
Fe Alloys

Binary alloy of metals is an effective catalyst for hydrogen evolution using water electrolysis. The development of non-noble and low-cost material is very promising used as catalysis. Here, this work focuses on the electrodeposition of Ni-Fe-Zn as electrocatalyst for alkaline water electrolysis. Ni-Zn-Fe was deposited using co-deposition method at various potentials and plating times. The produced electrocatalyst was characterized using X-ray diffraction spectroscopy, and scanning electron microscope. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) was used to characterize the electrochemical behaviour of the alloy in 1.0 M KOH. The metaphase of Ni-Zn-Fe alloys showed in XRD spectra which present the electrodeposits of metal alloys. The SEM spectra captured the agglomerates particle with rougher morphology and larger surface area which highly desirable for solid catalysts. Electrodeposition of the alloy showed that for every increase in voltage corresponds to an increase of 0.12 607 on the mass deposit. CV scan showed the hydrogen oxidation process. The forward and backward passes follow the same trace which indicates that no other reaction is taking place during the first CV scan. These results indicate the excellent catalytic activity of Ni-Zn-Fe electrocatalyst for bright prospect of hydrogen production by alkaline water electrolysis.

scholarly journals Simple and Precise Approach for Determination of Ohmic Contribution of Diaphragms in Alkaline Water Electrolysis

Membranes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 129 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodríguez ◽  
Palmas ◽  
Sánchez-Molina ◽  
Amores ◽  
Mais ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Impedance Spectroscopy ◽  
Direct Current ◽  
Electrochemical Impedance ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Water Electrolysis ◽  
Alternating Current ◽  
Alkaline Water Electrolysis ◽  
Alkaline Water

A simple and low-cost alternating current (AC)-based method, without electrolyte correction, is proposed (Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS)-Zero Gap Cell) for the determination of ohmic contribution of diaphragms. The effectiveness of the proposed methodology was evaluated by using a commercial Alkaline Water Electrolysis (AWE) diaphragm (Zirfon®). Furthermore, the results were compared with two conventional electrochemical methodologies for calculating the separator resistance, based on direct current (DC), and AC measurements, respectively. Compared with the previous techniques, the proposed approach reported more accurate and precise values of resistance for new and aged samples. Compared with the manufacturer reference, the obtained error values for new samples were 0.33%, 5.64%, and 41.7%, respectively for EIS-Zero gap cell, AC and DC methods, confirming the validity and convenience of the proposed technique.

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