scholarly journals Local Effects of a 1940 nm Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser and a 1470 nm Diode Laser on the Pulmonary Parenchyma: An Experimental Study in a Pig Model

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (18) ◽  
pp. 5457
Author(s):  
Maciej Janeczek ◽  
Zbigniew Rybak ◽  
Anna Lipińska ◽  
Jolanta Bujok ◽  
Albert Czerski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Postoperative Bleeding ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Total Width ◽  
Superficial Zone ◽  
Term Survival

The lungs are a common site of metastases from malignant tumors. Their removal with a minimal but safe tissue margin is essential for the long-term survival of patients. The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a 1940 nm thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) and a 1470 nm diode laser (DL) in a pig model of lung surgery that involved the incision and excision of lung tissue. Histopathological analysis was performed on days 0 and 7 after surgery. Neither TDFL nor DL caused significant perioperative or postoperative bleeding. Histological analysis revealed the presence of carbonized necrotic tissue, mixed fibrin–cellular exudate in the superficial zone of thermal damage and bands of deeper thermal changes. The mean total width of thermal damage on day 0 was 499.46 ± 61.44 and 937.39 ± 109.65 µm for TDFL and DL, respectively. On day 7, cell activation and repair processes were visible. The total width of thermal damage was 2615.74 ± 487.17 µm for TDFL vs. 6500.34 ±1118.02 µm for DL. The superficial zone of thermal damage was narrower for TDFL on both days 0 and 7. The results confirm the effectiveness of both types of laser in cutting and providing hemostasis in the lungs. TDFL caused less thermal damage to the lung parenchyma than DL.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser and Diode Laser in Zero Ischemia Kidney Surgery—Comparative Study in Pig Model

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2000
Author(s):  
Bogusława Żywicka ◽  
Jolanta Bujok ◽  
Maciej Janeczek ◽  
Albert Czerski ◽  
Maria Szymonowicz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Model Material ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Superficial Zone ◽  
Kidney Surgery ◽  
Zero Ischemia ◽  
Damage Depth

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the usefulness of a thulium-doped fiber laser and a diode laser in zero ischemia kidney surgery, by carrying out a comparative study in a pig model. Material and methods: Research was carried out on 12 pigs weighing 30 kg each. A thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) and a diode laser (DL) operating at wavelengths of 1940 and 1470 nm, respectively, were used. The cut sites were assessed both macroscopically and microscopically. The zone of thermal damage visible in the histopathological preparations was divided into superficial and total areas. Results: During partial nephrectomy, moderate to minimal bleeding was observed, which did not require additional hemostatic measures. All animals survived the procedure. On day 0, the total thermal damage depth was 837.8 µm for the TDFL and 1175.0 µm for the DL. On day 7, the depths were 1556.2 and 2301.7 µm, respectively. On day 14, the overall thermal damage depth for the DL was the greatest (6800 µm). The width of the superficial zone was significantly reduced on days 7 and 14 after TDFL application. Conclusion: Both lasers are suitable for partial wedge nephrectomy without ischemia in pigs. The TDFL produced similar or better hemostasis than the DL, with a smaller zone of thermal damage and, therefore, seems more suitable for application in human medicine.

scholarly journals Comparison of A 1940 nm Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser and A 1470 nm Diode Laser for Cutting Efficacy and Hemostasis in A Pig Model of Spleen Surgery

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1167
Author(s):  
Bogusława Żywicka ◽  
Zbigniew Rybak ◽  
Maciej Janeczek ◽  
Albert Czerski ◽  
Jolanta Bujok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Giant Cells ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Delayed Bleeding ◽  
Thermal Changes ◽  
Thermal Tissue Damage ◽  
Cutting Efficacy ◽  
Laser Devices

Partial and total splenectomies are associated with a high risk of substantial blood loss. Lasers operating at wavelengths strongly absorbed by water have the potential to improve hemostasis and cut while providing a narrow zone of thermal damage. The aim of this study is to compare a thulium-doped fiber laser (TDFL) emitting a wavelength of 1940 nm and a diode laser (DL) operating at 1470 nm for spleen surgery in a pig model. A partial splenectomy and spleen incisions were made in 12 animals using the two laser devices. The hemostasis was evaluated visually during surgeries. Post-mortem and histopathological evaluations were done on days 0, 7, and 14 following surgery. Neither TDFL nor DL caused bleeding on day 0 or delayed bleeding. On day 14, pale streaks at the site of incision were slightly wider after cutting with DL than with TDFL. Histological analysis revealed a carbonized zone with exudation and a deeper zone of thermal tissue damage on day 0. The width of the thermal changes was 655.26 ± 107.70 μm for TDFL and 1413.37 ± 111.85 μm for DL. On day 7, a proliferation of fibroblasts and splenocytes was visible, as well as a formation of multinucleated giant cells adjacent to the residues of carbonization. The zone of thermal damage was broader for DL (1157.5 ± 262.77 μm) than for TDFL (682.22 ± 116.58 μm). On day 14, cutting sites were filled with connective and granulation tissues with the residues of carbonization. The zone of thermal damage was narrower for TDFL (761.65 ± 34.3 μm) than for DL (1609.82 ± 202.22 μm). Thus, both lasers are efficient in spleen surgery, providing good hemostasis. However, TDFL produces a narrower zone of thermal damage, which suggests its better efficiency for spleen surgery, especially when performing more precise procedures.

scholarly journals Addendum: Żywicka, B., et al. Comparison of a 1940 nm Thulium-Doped Fiber Laser and a 1470 nm Diode Laser for Cutting Efficacy and Hemostasis in a Pig Model of Spleen Surgery. Materials 2020, 13, 1167

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 966
Author(s):  
Bogusława Żywicka ◽  
Zbigniew Rybak ◽  
Maciej Janeczek ◽  
Albert Czerski ◽  
Jolanta Bujok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Pig Model ◽  
Cutting Efficacy

The authors would like to add the following sentence to the “Funding” section of their article [...]

scholarly journals Preliminary Evaluation of Thulium Doped Fiber Laser in Pig Model of Liver Surgery

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Janeczek ◽  
Jacek Świderski ◽  
Albert Czerski ◽  
Bogusława Żywicka ◽  
Jolanta Bujok ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Liver Resection ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Liver Surgery ◽  
Thermal Damage ◽  
Continuous Wave ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Swine Model ◽  
Preliminary Evaluation ◽  
Partial Liver Resection ◽  
Liver Transection

Partial liver resection is a treatment of choice for liver tumors; the range of parenchyma excision varies from a small part of the tissue surrounding the neoplasm up to 70% of the organ. One of the major concerns during liver resection is blood loss. Thulium lasers which are characterized by the length of emission wave corresponding to a peak absorption of water create a new possibility of cutting tissues efficiently with minimal thermal damage and concurrently providing a good hemostasis control. The aim of our study was to evaluate an impact of liver transection with thulium doped fiber laser on an intraoperative bleeding and histopathological changes during postoperative period in swine model. Ten animals were subjected to open surgery partial liver resection and an incision of liver tissue with an all-fiber, diode-pumped, and continuous-wave Tm3+-doped fiber laser emitting 37.4 W of output power at ~1.94 μm wavelength. The macroscopic and histopathological evaluation was performed intraoperatively as well as 7 and 14 days after surgery. Macroscopically almost no bleeding was observed during surgery and no signs of bleeding were stated after 7 and 14 days. Histopathological analysis of the transection margin revealed a thermal damage area ranging in depth from 620.23 ± 23.82 μm on the day of surgery to 1817.70 ± 211.98 μm after 7 days. In the samples taken intraoperatively and after 7 days a superficial zone of carbonization was visibly separated from the deeper changes. After 14 days one 765.35 μm deep zone characterized by a granulation was present. In conclusion, thulium doped fiber laser is efficacious in cutting with a narrow zone of thermal injury and provides a good hemostasis during liver transection, thus being a potential tool for oncotic liver surgery.

Diode-laser-pumped tunable 896–9395-nm neodymium-doped fiber laser with 43-mW output power

1998 ◽  
Vol 37 (15) ◽  
pp. 3276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony L. Cook ◽  
Herbert D. Hendricks
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Output Power

Study on laser welding of copper material by hybrid light source of blue diode laser and fiber laser

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 032018
Author(s):  
Hang Yang ◽  
Xiahui Tang ◽  
Chong Hu ◽  
Songjia Liu ◽  
Yuanchao Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Laser Welding ◽  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Light Source ◽  
Copper Material ◽  
Blue Diode Laser

scholarly journals Urachal adenocarcinoma - case report and literature review

2018 ◽  
Vol 75 (10) ◽  
pp. 1045-1048
Author(s):  
Milan Petrovic ◽  
Vladimir Vasic ◽  
Ljubinka Jankovic-Velickovic ◽  
Srdjan Sterovic ◽  
Tomislav Pejcic ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Complete Excision ◽  
Urachal Carcinoma ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Histologic Subtype ◽  
Mucin Production ◽  
Common Histologic Subtype ◽  
Urachal Adenocarcinoma

Introduction. Urachal adenocarcinoma is extremely rare and comprises from 0.35% to 0.7% of all bladder tumors. The most common histologic subtype of urachal tumors is adenocarcinoma which can be associated with intestinal metaplasia and mucin production. Case report. We report a case of a 53-year-old patient who attented a urologist because of an intermittent haematuria lasting for three months. The ultrasound examination detected infiltration of the bladder at the fundus, 24 ? 29 mm in diameter. By the same wall, next to the tumor, there was an oval hypoechoic lesion about 40 mm in diameter. Computed tomography scan showed a solid, echogenic, strictly limited tumor at the fundus of the bladder, anteriorly, 32 ? 35 ? 22 mm in diameter which was positive after contrast application. The patient underwent partial cystectomy with complete excision of the tumor lesion 1.5 cm in healthy tissue. Histopathological analysis showed diagnosis of Adenocarcinoma mucinosum vesicae urinariae infiltrans. Patohistological findings detected a part of the urachal wall with a thin layer of fibromuscular tissue, chronic inflammation, microcalcifications in the lumen, flattened and desquamated epithelium. One year after the surgery, there were no signs of primary disease or metastases in other organs. Conclusion. Urachal adenocarcinoma is extremely rare. Long term survival could be achieved by surgical treatment in the early stage of the disease which consists of complete resection of urachal carcinoma and partial or total cystectomy.

Operation of diode laser pumped Tm/sup 3+/ ZBLAN upconversion fiber laser at 482 nm

1996 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
pp. 118-123 ◽  
Author(s):  
I.J. Booth ◽  
C.J. Mackechnie ◽  
B.F. Ventrudo
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Diode Laser

scholarly journals Contact-dependent delivery of IL-2 by dendritic cells to CD4 T cells in the contraction phase promotes their long-term survival

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-123
Author(s):  
Dan Tong ◽  
Li Zhang ◽  
Fei Ning ◽  
Ying Xu ◽  
Xiaoyu Hu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
T Cells ◽  
Dendritic Cells ◽  
T Cell ◽  
T Cell Activation ◽  
Cd4 T Cells ◽  
Cell Activation ◽  
Cd4 T Cell ◽  
Immune Memory ◽  
Term Survival

Abstract Common γ chain cytokines are important for immune memory formation. Among them, the role of IL-2 remains to be fully explored. It has been suggested that this cytokine is critically needed in the late phase of primary CD4 T cell activation. Lack of IL-2 at this stage sets for a diminished recall response in subsequent challenges. However, as IL-2 peak production is over at this point, the source and the exact mechanism that promotes its production remain elusive. We report here that resting, previously antigen-stimulated CD4 T cells maintain a minimalist response to dendritic cells after their peak activation in vitro. This subtle activation event may be induced by DCs without overt presence of antigen and appears to be stronger if IL-2 comes from the same dendritic cells. This encounter reactivates a miniature IL-2 production and leads a gene expression profile change in these previously activated CD4 T cells. The CD4 T cells so experienced show enhanced reactivation intensity upon secondary challenges later on. Although mostly relying on in vitro evidence, our work may implicate a subtle programing for CD4 T cell survival after primary activation in vivo.

Effects Of Laser Parameters On The Mechanical Response Of Laser Irradiated Micro-Joints

2006 ◽  
Vol 926 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahsan Mian ◽  
Tonfiz Mahmood ◽  
Greg Auner ◽  
Reiner Witte ◽  
Hans Herfurth ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fiber Laser ◽  
Diode Laser ◽  
Physical Vapor Deposition ◽  
Mechanical Response ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Heat Diffusion ◽  
Bond Quality ◽  
Titanium Film ◽  
Element Analysis

ABSTRACTThis paper is devoted to the laser irradiated joints between glass and polyimide. To facilitate bonding between them, a thin titanium film with a thickness of approximately 0.2 μm was deposited on glass wafers using the physical vapor deposition (PVD) process. Two sets of samples were fabricated where the bonds were created using diode and fiber lasers. The samples were subjected to tension using a microtester for bond strength measurements. The failure strengths of the bonds generated using fiber laser are quite consistent, while a wide variation of failure strengths are observed for the bonds generated with diode laser. Few untested samples were sectioned and the microstructures near the bond areas were studied using an optical microscope. The images revealed the presence of a sharp crack in the glass substrate near the bond generated with the diode laser. However, no such crack was observed in the samples made using fiber laser. To investigate further the reasons behind such discrepancy in bond quality, three-dimensional uncoupled finite element analysis (FEA) was conducted for both types of samples. The transient heat diffusion-based FEA model utilizes the laser power intensity distribution as a time dependent heat source to calculate the temperature distribution within the substrates as a function of time.

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