scholarly journals Thermal Deformations of Thermoplast during 3D Printing: Warping in the Case of ABS

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (22) ◽  
pp. 7070
Author(s):  
Jakub Ramian ◽  
Jan Ramian ◽  
Daniel Dziob
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Thermal Deformations ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Nozzle Temperature ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

This research focuses on thermal deformations of thermoplast during three-dimensional printing. A filament acrylonitrile butadiene styrene was used, and the main focus was put on warping. Twenty-seven cuboids divided in six categories by their length, height, surface area, color, nozzle temperature and bed temperature were printed by Fused Filament Fabrication 3D printer. The whole process was captured by a thermal camera and the movies were used to analyze the temperature distribution during printing. All printouts were measured and scanned with a 3D scanner in order to highlight any abbreviations from the original digital models. The obtained results were used to formulate some general conclusions on the influence of selected parameters on the warping process. Based on the outcomes of the study, a set of guidelines on how to minimalize warping was proposed.

scholarly journals Three-Dimensional Printing of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene Microreactors for Photocatalytic Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 59 (47) ◽  
pp. 20686-20692
Author(s):  
Aarón Cabrera ◽  
Ismael Pellejero ◽  
Tamara Oroz-Mateo ◽  
Cristina Salazar ◽  
Alberto Navajas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Printing ◽  
Photocatalytic Applications ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Boron carbide composite apertures for small-angle neutron scattering made by three-dimensional printing

2016 ◽  
Vol 49 (2) ◽  
pp. 696-699 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anders Olsson ◽  
Adrian R. Rennie
Keyword(s):  
Boron Carbide ◽  
Neutron Scattering ◽  
Small Angle ◽  
Small Angle Neutron Scattering ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Γ Radiation ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Complex Shapes ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Apertures for small-angle neutron scattering prepared from a boron carbide/polymer composite have been made by three-dimensional printing using fused filament fabrication. Use of enriched 10B4C gives higher absorption and much lower parasitic scattering than natural B4C. The simple fabrication, the capability to replace toxic and environmentally hazardous materials such as cadmium, and the possibility to diminish the secondary background of γ-radiation are attractive features of use of these materials. Complex shapes, apart from apertures, can be fabricated readily with this composite, for example, to make shielding for instrument components and masks used to calibrate detectors.

Microscopic analysis on dimensional capability of fused filament fabrication three-dimensional printing process

2021 ◽  
pp. 009524432110472
Author(s):  
Ans Al Rashid ◽  
Sikandar Abdul Qadir ◽  
Muammer Koç
Keyword(s):  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Dimensional Accuracy ◽  
Process Conditions ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Three Dimensional Printing ◽  
Dimensional Measurement ◽  
Taguchi’S Design Of Experiments ◽  
Functional Components ◽  
Accuracy And Repeatability ◽  
Dimensional Printing

Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) has been the most widely used three-dimensional printing (3DP) technology due to its cost-effectiveness, easy application, and material readiness. FFF, to date, has been used to fabricate polymer components for rapid prototyping and increasingly for some end-user applications. Thus, there is a pressing need to optimize 3DP process parameters for FFF materials to achieve higher dimensional accuracy, especially in functional components for final use applications. Therefore, to ensure desired geometries with reasonable accuracy, precise measurements are required to validate the FFF process’s dimensional capability under different process conditions. This study presents the dimensional measurement and statistical analysis to evaluate the effect of printing materials, speed, and layer heights on dimensional accuracy and repeatability of the commercial FFF process. A benchmark part model was designed with different external and internal features commonly used in manufacturing processes. Taguchi’s design of experiments (DOE) was employed to obtain the experiments scheme, followed by the 3DP, dimensional measurement, and analysis of 3DP samples. Results revealed polylactic acid (PLA) material provided better dimensional control in most of the features. Higher printing speeds and layer heights were found optimum for external features/protrusions, whereas lower-to-medium speeds and layer heights were more appropriate for the fabrication of internal features.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Acrylonitrile–Butadiene–Styrene TiO2 and ATO Nanocomposites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (7) ◽  
pp. 1589 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nectarios Vidakis ◽  
Markos Petousis ◽  
Athena Maniadi ◽  
Emmanuel Koudoumas ◽  
Marco Liebscher ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Sno2 Nanoparticles ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

In order to enhance the mechanical performance of three-dimensional (3D) printed structures fabricated via commercially available fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printers, novel nanocomposite filaments were produced herein following a melt mixing process, and further 3D printed and characterized. Titanium Dioxide (TiO2) and Antimony (Sb) doped Tin Oxide (SnO2) nanoparticles (NPs), hereafter denoted as ATO, were selected as fillers for a polymeric acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) thermoplastic matrix at various weight % (wt%) concentrations. Tensile and flexural test specimens were 3D printed, according to international standards. It was proven that TiO2 filler enhanced the overall tensile strength by 7%, the flexure strength by 12%, and the micro-hardness by 6%, while for the ATO filler, the corresponding values were 9%, 13%, and 6% respectively, compared to unfilled ABS. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the size of TiO2 (40 ± 10 nm) and ATO (52 ± 11 nm) NPs. Raman spectroscopy was performed for the TiO2 and ATO NPs as well as for the 3D printed nanocomposites to verify the polymer structure and the incorporated TiO2 and ATO nanocrystallites in the polymer matrix. The scope of this work was to fabricate novel nanocomposite filaments using commercially available materials with enhanced overall mechanical properties that industry can benefit from.

Solid-state foaming of acrylonitrile butadiene styrene through microcellular 3D printing process

2021 ◽  
pp. 0021955X2110094
Author(s):  
Rupesh Dugad ◽  
G Radhakrishna ◽  
Abhishek Gandhi
Keyword(s):  
3D Printing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Average Cell Size ◽  
Average Cell ◽  
Printing Process ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Nozzle Temperature ◽  
Printing Parameters ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

The lightweight products with superior specific strength are in great demand in numerous applications such as automotive, aerospace, biomedical, sports, etc. This work focussed on the manufacturing of lightweight products using the cellular three dimensional (3D) printing process. In this work, the continuous microcellular morphology has been developed in a single foamed filament using 3 D printing of carbon-di-oxide (CO2) saturated acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) filaments. The microcellular structures with average cell size in the range of 6–1040 µm were developed. The influence of printing parameters; nozzle temperature, feed rate, and flow rate on the foam characteristics and cell morphology at different levels were investigated. The different kinds of observed foamed extrudate irregularities were discussed.

scholarly journals Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene and Polypropylene Blend with Enhanced Thermal and Mechanical Properties for Fused Filament Fabrication

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (24) ◽  
pp. 4167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Harris ◽  
Johan Potgieter ◽  
Sudip Ray ◽  
Richard Archer ◽  
Khalid Mahmood Arif
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Mechanical Stability ◽  
Hydrogen Abstraction ◽  
Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene ◽  
Fused Filament Fabrication ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Bed Temperature ◽  
Chemical Grafting ◽  
Significant Chemical ◽  
Butadiene Styrene

Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS) is the oldest fused filament fabrication (FFF) material that shows low stability to thermal aging due to hydrogen abstraction of the butadiene monomer. A novel blend of ABS, polypropylene (PP), and polyethylene graft maleic anhydride (PE-g-MAH) is presented for FFF. ANOVA was used to analyze the effects of three variables (bed temperature, printing temperature, and aging interval) on tensile properties of the specimens made on a custom-built pellet printer. The compression and flexure properties were also investigated for the highest thermal combinations. The blend showed high thermal stability with enhanced strength despite three days of aging, as well as high bed and printing temperatures. Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) provided significant chemical interactions. Differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) confirmed the thermal stability with enhanced enthalpy of glass transition and melting. Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) also revealed high temperatures for onset and 50% mass degradation. Signs of chemical grafting and physical interlocking in scanning electron microscopy (SEM) also explained the thermo-mechanical stability of the blend.

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