Numerical Analysis of Stapes Prosthesis Constraining in the Case of Otosclerosis

In the case of otosclerosis, it has been noticed that even though there are a variety of different prostheses on the market, due to the anatomical characteristics, it is not always possible to restore excellent mobility to the ossicles and the prosthesis. On the one hand, this happens because the incus long process and the prosthesis create difficult angles. On the other hand, incus necrosis is among the most common causes of the loss of stability to the prosthesis and stapedectomy failure. The aim of this research is to suggest an improvement for stapes prosthesis stability and numerically evaluate the impact of the prosthesis constraining to its dynamical behavior. Numerical 3D models of a standard as well as a modified (adjustable angled) stapes prosthesis were created in order to achieve this aim. Consequently, the modal analysis has been performed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the prosthesis, assuming that the piston (thick part) would be made of Teflon, and the thin part, fixated on the incus long process, would be made from titanium alloy. Finally, the numerical analysis has been conducted by changing the boundary conditions in respect of the prosthesis constraining, where the attached stapes prosthesis connects to the ossicular chain. Subsequently, there were two hypotheses raised for the prosthesis loop constraining. The first is that during the surgery, the prosthesis is perfectly crimped with certain looseness. The second is that the prosthesis is outgrown by the tissues over time and thus becomes over-constrained. Then, the analyzed standard stapes prosthesis does not fulfil its functions because of the over-constraining that develops over time. An improvement for the standard stapes prosthesis, i.e., a modified stapes prosthesis (adjustable angled), that has been proposed in this research allows avoidance of the negative effects of the over-constrained standard stapes prosthesis that appear over time. Moreover, the proposed modified prosthesis helps to regain hearing when the angle between the incus long process and prosthesis is unfavorable.

Download Full-text

STUDY ON EFFECTS OF DISTRUTIVE AGENTS ON THE ARTWORKS

Scientific Bulletin Series D : Mining, Mineral Processing, Non-Ferrous Metallurgy, Geology and Environmental Engineering ◽

10.37193/sbsd.2017.1.10 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 31 (1) ◽

pp. 75-81

Author(s):

Valeria Mirela Brezoczki ◽

◽

Emese Bonta ◽

Keyword(s):

Negative Impact ◽

Art Museum ◽

External Factors ◽

Cultural Value ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Active Monitoring ◽

Baia Mare ◽

Different Types ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

The paper describes a series of effects created by the impact of environmental factors on artworks in museums, as well as the way that active monitoring of these destructive agents (temperature and relative humidity) is done. Over time, artefacts exhibited within museums are subject to a series of degradations caused by external factors (air components, humidity, temperature, sunlight, bacteria, molds or fungi etc.), which can leave a negative impact on these goods with cultural value. The main observed negative effects are directly and intimate related to the deterioration of wood sculptures by the occurrence of cracks and the installation of different types of bacteria; the appearance of brownish-red spots on the surface of the paper and the increase in its reliability; various types of corrosion of artworks from different metals; color losses and cracks on paintings etc. The study brings to the fore the damaging effects produced on the different cultural works hosted within the County Art Museum - Art Center Baia Mare.

Download Full-text

Thermal Effects of Magmatism on Surrounding Sediments and Petroleum Systems in the Northern Offshore Taranaki Basin, New Zealand

Geosciences ◽

10.3390/geosciences9070288 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (7) ◽

pp. 288 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Kutovaya ◽

Karsten F. Kroeger ◽

Hannu Seebeck ◽

Stefan Back ◽

Ralf Littke

Keyword(s):

New Zealand ◽

Source Rock ◽

3D Models ◽

Local Effect ◽

Magmatic Activity ◽

Burial History ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Oil Accumulation ◽

Petroleum Systems ◽

The Impact

In the past two decades, numerical forward modeling of petroleum systems has been extensively used in exploration geology. However, modeling of petroleum systems influenced by magmatic activity has not been a common practice, because it is often associated with additional uncertainties and thus is a high risk associated with exploration. Subsurface processes associated with volcanic activity extensively influence all the elements of petroleum systems and may have positive and negative effects on hydrocarbon formation and accumulation. This study integrates 3D seismic data, geochemical and well data to build detailed 1D and 3D models of the Kora Volcano—a buried Miocene arc volcano in the northern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand. It examines the impact of magmatism on the source rock maturation and burial history in the northern Taranaki Basin. The Kora field contains a sub-commercial oil accumulation in volcanoclastic rocks that has been encountered by a well drilled on the flank of the volcano. By comparing the results of distinct models, we concluded that magmatic activity had a local effect on the thermal regime in the study area and resulted in rapid thermal maturation of the surrounding organic matter-rich sediments. Scenarios of the magmatic activity age (18, 11 and 8 Ma) show that the re-equilibration of the temperature after intrusion takes longer (up to 5 Ma) in the scenarios with a younger emplacement age (8 Ma) due to an added insulation effect of the thicker overburden. Results of the modeling also suggest that most hydrocarbons expelled from the source rock during this magmatic event escaped to the surface due to the absence of a proper seal rock at that time.

Download Full-text

Competitors or Complements: A Meta-analysis of the Effect of Airbnb on Hotel Performance

Journal of Travel Research ◽

10.1177/00472875211042670 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 004728752110426

Author(s):

Yang Yang ◽

Marta Nieto García ◽

Giampaolo Viglia ◽

Juan Luis Nicolau

Keyword(s):

Business Model ◽

Detrimental Effect ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Comprehensive Understanding ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Hotel Performance ◽

Negative Effect ◽

Meta Regression ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

The rise of peer-to-peer accommodation has challenged the traditional hotel business model. A lingering question is the effect of Airbnb supply on hotel performance. By analyzing 466 estimates from 33 different studies, our results reveal that the negative effect of Airbnb supply on hotel performance is moderate. The meta-regression of effect size recognizes the significant effects of different factors on the strength of the negative effect. In particular, the negative effect is smaller for high-end (vs. low-end) hotels, and its magnitude is shrinking over time. Additionally, the detrimental effect is less pronounced for European (vs. Asian) hotels. The study also reports that negative effects are more common in research published in academic journals. The synthesis of the effects across existing studies contributes to a robust and comprehensive understanding of the impact of Airbnb supply on hotel performance.

Download Full-text

A novel COVID-19 epidemiological model with explicit susceptible and asymptomatic isolation compartments reveals unexpected consequences of timing social distancing

10.1101/2020.05.11.20098335 ◽

2020 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Jana L. Gevertz ◽

James M. Greene ◽

Cynthia Sanchez-Tapia ◽

Eduardo D. Sontag

Keyword(s):

Disease Transmission ◽

Control Strategies ◽

Dynamical Behavior ◽

Critical Time ◽

Epidemiological Model ◽

Appreciable Effect ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Social Distancing ◽

The Impact ◽

Implementation Delay

AbstractMotivated by the current COVID-19 epidemic, this work introduces an epidemiological model in which separate compartments are used for susceptible and asymptomatic “socially distant” populations. Distancing directives are represented by rates of flow into these compartments, as well as by a reduction in contacts that lessens disease transmission. The dynamical behavior of this system is analyzed, under various different rate control strategies, and the sensitivity of the basic reproduction number to various parameters is studied. One of the striking features of this model is the existence of a critical implementation delay (“CID”) in issuing separation mandates: while a delay of about two weeks does not have an appreciable effect on the peak number of infections, issuing mandates even slightly after this critical time results in a far greater incidence of infection. Thus, there is a nontrivial but tight “window of opportunity” for commencing social distancing in order to meet the capacity of healthcare resources. However, if one wants to also delay the timing of peak infections –so as to take advantage of potential new therapies and vaccines– action must be taken much faster than the CID. Different relaxation strategies are also simulated, with surprising results. Periodic relaxation policies suggest a schedule which may significantly inhibit peak infective load, but that this schedule is very sensitive to parameter values and the schedule’s frequency. Furthermore, we considered the impact of steadily reducing social distancing measures over time. We find that a too-sudden reopening of society may negate the progress achieved under initial distancing guidelines, but the negative effects can be mitigated if the relaxation strategy is carefully designed.

Download Full-text

The popularity of eating broadcast: Content analysis of “mukbang” YouTube videos, media coverage, and the health impact of “mukbang” on public

Health Informatics Journal ◽

10.1177/1460458220901360 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 26 (3) ◽

pp. 2237-2248

Author(s):

EunKyo Kang ◽

Jihye Lee ◽

Kyae Hyung Kim ◽

Young Ho Yun

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Content Analysis ◽

Media Coverage ◽

Health Impact ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Health Habits ◽

Increasing Trend ◽

Youtube Videos ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

As “mukbang” (eating broadcast) becomes increasingly widespread, there is growing interest about the impact of mukbang on public health. This study aimed to analyze the content of mukbang YouTube videos, as well as news articles related to mukbang and the association between watching mukbang videos and health habits. We analyzed 5952 YouTube mukbang videos, 5265 news articles, and a survey of 1200 people in Korea. In this study, we confirmed that the provocative content of mukbang YouTube videos, such as overeating, was related to video popularity (p < 0.001). In addition, more exposure to mukbang was associated with greater effects on dietary health due to mukbang (p < 0.001). The prevalence of news articles on the negative effects of mukbang showed an increasing trend over time, while the articles on “Mukbang is funny” were most common in all the years evaluated. To cope with public health problems such as obesity, it will be necessary to continue to investigate the content and effects of mukbang on public health.

Download Full-text

Anxious, Apart, and Attentive: A Qualitative Case Study of Overseas Filipino Workers’ Families in the time of COVID-19

The Family Journal ◽

10.1177/10664807211006339 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 106648072110063

Author(s):

Jerome Visperas Cleofas ◽

Ma. Cristina SC. Eusebio ◽

Ellen Joy P. Pacudan

Keyword(s):

Family Relationships ◽

Qualitative Case Study ◽

Family Members ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Instrumental Case Study ◽

Overseas Filipino Workers ◽

And Coping ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

Cognizant of the nature and type of family as factors that affect the experience and coping of its members, this study sought to examine the impact of the pandemic on overseas Filipino workers’ (OFW) families using a qualitative instrumental case study of four OFW families. Three themes emerged from the analysis: (1) worry over the conditions of the distant family members, (2) disruptions in plans and family relationships, and (3) monitoring and caring from a distance. From these findings, it could be reflected that despite the negative effects of the pandemic, OFW families can recreate patterns over time to retain their familial relations and routines and protect members from coronavirus and its consequences.

Download Full-text

Forces Disrupting Relationships at Work: Technology and Globalization

10.1093/med/9780190697068.003.0004 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Andrew Brown ◽

Christopher T. Flinton ◽

Josh Gibson ◽

Brian Grant ◽

Barrie Greiff ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Workplace Relationships ◽

Drivers Of Change ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Global Marketplace ◽

Impact Of Technology ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

Advances in technology and an increasingly global marketplace have brought about many positive changes in business, but they have also had some negative effects on workplace relationships. Incrementally and over time, these two drivers of change have significantly reshaped workplace relationships at both the company and employee level. Managers work in this ever-changing context each day, facing the impact of technology and globalization on their emotional lives as well as the ways in which they relate to others in their Credibility Crosses—a concept that is developed in this chapter. Unfortunately, managers often have time only to react to these changes rather than consider how they affect the bigger relationship picture. Consciously understanding the interpersonal impact of technology and globalization provides managers with opportunities to improve workplace relationships.

Download Full-text

Positive and Negative Effects of Republicanism on US citizens’ Mobility During the First Period of the COVID Crisis

10.21203/rs.3.rs-955556/v1 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Guillaume Barbalat ◽

Nicolas Franck

Keyword(s):

Risk Perception ◽

Political Orientation ◽

Human Behaviour ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Social Distancing ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

Abstract While Republican states have been criticized for their limited efforts to contain the spread of COVID-19, it is important to consider that political orientation can modify human behaviour via complex effects that are still poorly understood. During the first period of the pandemic, we found that the association of republicanism with US citizens' mobility varied depending on the nature of the exposure being considered. First, republicanism was associated with increased mobility when the stringency of anti-COVID measures increased. Second, republicanism was associated with decreased mobility when COVID-related deaths increased. Third, republicanism was associated with increased mobility over time, i.e. as time went by, citizens living in Republican states were more mobile than those in Democratic states. These findings raise caution on any over-interpretation of the impact of polarization in US politics on COVID-related behaviour. They prompt consideration of persuasive tools that emphasize risk perception to promote social distancing in Republican states, rather than relying heavily on stringent anti-COVID interventions.

Download Full-text

The Therapist’s Reaction to a Patient’s Suicide

Crisis ◽

10.1027/0227-5910/a000062 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 32 (2) ◽

pp. 99-105 ◽

Cited By ~ 23

Author(s):

Friedrich Martin Wurst ◽

Isabella Kunz ◽

Gregory Skipper ◽

Manfred Wolfersdorf ◽

Karl H. Beine ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Emotional Responses ◽

Well Being ◽

Emotional Reaction ◽

Emotional Reactions ◽

Analog Scale ◽

General Hospitals ◽

Item Questionnaire ◽

Retrospective Nature ◽

The Impact ◽

Over Time

Background: A substantial proportion of therapists experience the loss of a patient to suicide at some point during their professional life. Aims: To assess (1) the impact of a patient’s suicide on therapists distress and well-being over time, (2) which factors contribute to the reaction, and (3) which subgroup might need special interventions in the aftermath of suicide. Methods: A 63-item questionnaire was sent to all 185 Psychiatric Clinics at General Hospitals in Germany. The emotional reaction of therapists to patient’s suicide was measured immediately, after 2 weeks, and after 6 months. Results: Three out of ten therapists suffer from severe distress after a patients’ suicide. The item “overall distress” immediately after the suicide predicts emotional reactions and changes in behavior. The emotional responses immediately after the suicide explained 43.5% of the variance of total distress in a regression analysis. Limitations: The retrospective nature of the study is its primary limitation. Conclusions: Our data suggest that identifying the severely distressed subgroup could be done using a visual analog scale for overall distress. As a consequence, more specific and intensified help could be provided to these professionals.

Download Full-text

The More Control, the Better?

Journal of Media Psychology Theories Methods and Applications ◽

10.1027/1864-1105/a000114 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 26 (2) ◽

pp. 81-91 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Jeeyun Oh ◽

Mun-Young Chung ◽

Sangyong Han

Keyword(s):

Mixed Design ◽

Negative Effects ◽

Story Structure ◽

Content Type ◽

High User ◽

User Control ◽

Rigorous Research ◽

Control Versus ◽

The Media ◽

The Impact

Despite of the popularity of interactive movie trailers, rigorous research on one of the most apparent features of these interfaces – the level of user control – has been scarce. This study explored the effects of user control on users’ immersion and enjoyment of the movie trailers, moderated by the content type. We conducted a 2 (high user control versus low user control) × 2 (drama film trailer versus documentary film trailer) mixed-design factorial experiment. The results showed that the level of user control over movie trailer interfaces decreased users’ immersion when the trailer had an element of traditional story structure, such as a drama film trailer. Participants in the high user control condition answered that they were less fascinated with, absorbed in, focused on, mentally involved with, and emotionally affected by the movie trailer than participants in the low user control condition only with the drama movie trailer. The negative effects of user control on the level of immersion for the drama trailer translated into users’ enjoyment. The impact of user control over interfaces on immersion and enjoyment varies depending on the nature of the media content, which suggests a possible trade-off between the level of user control and entertainment outcomes.

Download Full-text