scholarly journals Thermal Effects of Magmatism on Surrounding Sediments and Petroleum Systems in the Northern Offshore Taranaki Basin, New Zealand

Geosciences ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 288 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Kutovaya ◽  
Karsten F. Kroeger ◽  
Hannu Seebeck ◽  
Stefan Back ◽  
Ralf Littke
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Source Rock ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Local Effect ◽  
Magmatic Activity ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Oil Accumulation ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
The Impact

In the past two decades, numerical forward modeling of petroleum systems has been extensively used in exploration geology. However, modeling of petroleum systems influenced by magmatic activity has not been a common practice, because it is often associated with additional uncertainties and thus is a high risk associated with exploration. Subsurface processes associated with volcanic activity extensively influence all the elements of petroleum systems and may have positive and negative effects on hydrocarbon formation and accumulation. This study integrates 3D seismic data, geochemical and well data to build detailed 1D and 3D models of the Kora Volcano—a buried Miocene arc volcano in the northern Taranaki Basin, New Zealand. It examines the impact of magmatism on the source rock maturation and burial history in the northern Taranaki Basin. The Kora field contains a sub-commercial oil accumulation in volcanoclastic rocks that has been encountered by a well drilled on the flank of the volcano. By comparing the results of distinct models, we concluded that magmatic activity had a local effect on the thermal regime in the study area and resulted in rapid thermal maturation of the surrounding organic matter-rich sediments. Scenarios of the magmatic activity age (18, 11 and 8 Ma) show that the re-equilibration of the temperature after intrusion takes longer (up to 5 Ma) in the scenarios with a younger emplacement age (8 Ma) due to an added insulation effect of the thicker overburden. Results of the modeling also suggest that most hydrocarbons expelled from the source rock during this magmatic event escaped to the surface due to the absence of a proper seal rock at that time.

Tourist Disturbance On New Zealand Fur Seals (Arctophalus Forsteri)

2002 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 85 ◽  
Author(s):  
LJ Boren ◽  
NJ Gemmell ◽  
KJ Barton
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Marine Mammals ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Management Guidelines ◽  
Tourist Attractions ◽  
Fur Seals ◽  
Fur Seal ◽  
Current Minimum ◽  
The Impact

Marine mammals are significant tourist attractions around New Zealand, however, the impact of eco-tourism on these species is poorly documented. Effective management to mitigate any negative effects requires an understanding of target species? reactions to tourist activities. We have studied the effects of tourist activities on New Zealand fur seals (Arctocephalus forsteri) using a novel combination of observations and controlled approaches. Three study areas were selected reflecting a range of visitor density, type of tourism, and the anticipated sensitivity of fur seals to disturbance. Behaviour was observed using instantaneous scan sampling and attributes of tourist approaches were tested experimentally by controlled approaches. Approaches were made on land, by kayak, and motorboat. Fur seal responses and the distance at which the seal responded were recorded. Our results indicate that A. forsteri behaviour was being modified by tourist activities. Habituation was occurring at study areas with high levels of tourist activity. Approachers following current minimum approach distances still caused some animals to modify their behaviour and new minimum approach distances are recommended based on controlled approaches to seals at all study areas. Our work demonstrated that controlled approaches can be a useful tool to develop effective management guidelines to lessen impacts from eco-tourism activities.

scholarly journals What Impact Does Temporary Migration Have on the Hiring of New Zealanders

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith McLeod ◽  
Dave Maré
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Labour Market ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Temporary Migration ◽  
Data Infrastructure ◽  
Data Limitations ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Temporary Migrants ◽  
The Impact ◽  
New Zealanders

The early to mid-2000s saw considerable growth in the use of temporary migrants to fill labour market gaps in New Zealand. Temporary migration also grew into an important pathway for prospective permanent migrants. With the onset of the global economic crisis, and consequent rise in unemployment, questions have been raised about potential negative effects of migration on the employment opportunities available to New Zealanders. Temporary migration may present greater risks to those, such as beneficiaries and youth, who are most disadvantaged in the labour market. For many temporary migrants there are few restrictions on the employment they take up, and as a result they may be more likely than permanent migrants to take up low-paid or part-time work, possibly substituting for low-skilled New Zealanders. A number of studies have examined the impact of migration on the New Zealand labour market, but due to data limitations, none has looked at the specific impact of temporary migration. In this paper we estimate the effect of changes in the hiring of temporary migrants on the hiring of New Zealanders using data from the Integrated Data Infrastructure (IDI) prototype. The IDI prototype was created by Statistics New Zealand, and brings together administrative and survey data sources from across a number of government agencies.

scholarly journals Does beauty have a price? The impact of a conceptualization of beauty on the price placebo effect in Turkey compared to New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Djavlonbek Kadirov ◽  
Charleen Raju ◽  
Ahmet Bardakcı ◽  
Nazan Madak ◽  
Mohammad Saud Khan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Western Values ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact

Purpose Marketers of beauty products capitalize on consumers’ perception of beauty to enact a price placebo effect through setting high prices to insinuate a superior performing product. Yet, in the context of growing alternative beauty movements emphasizing inner beauty and self-acceptance, little is known on how the effect of price on a product’s perceived effectiveness and satisfaction is bounded by different modes of beauty conceptualization (BC). Hence, this study aims to investigate how distinct perceptions of beauty impact the effectiveness-based and satisfaction-based price placebo effects in Muslim-majority markets such as Turkey compared to markets largely driven by Western values such as New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach This research is based on a quasi-experimental factorial design based on the manipulation of the level of price for a beauty product and the observation of the extent of BC. The sample included 144 participants from Turkey and 147 participants from New Zealand. Findings This research finds that the manipulation of the price (low vs high) equally activates the effectiveness-centered price placebo effect in both countries. When expectations are taken into account, the (satisfaction-based) price placebo effect is non-existent in New Zealand, while in Turkey the higher price leads to an opposite effect: a significant decrease in satisfaction. It is also found that the effect of price on effectiveness is moderated by BC. In both countries, the price placebo effect is activated only when consumers narrowly conceptualize beauty, while this effect does not hold for broad conceptualizers. The effect of BC on the price placebo appears to be stronger in New Zealand in comparison to Turkey. Practical implications Marketing managers’ awareness of different perceptions of beauty and how these may influence the price placebo effect in different cultures would allow them to decide what strategies are most appropriate for different groups of customers. For example, by pursuing the movement toward inner beauty and its broad conceptualization, high-end brands are likely to compromise opportunities to capitalize on the price placebo effect. On the other hand, this alternative perspective may cultivate profound satisfaction in the long-term. Social implications The price placebo effect disappears when people conceptualize beauty from a broad (inner) perspective. This suggests that public policymakers, to counteract the negative effects of misleading marketing and to create fair exchanges, must promote broad BC in society. Originality/value This study contributes to the body of the existing research on price placebo by offering unique insights into the boundary conditions of the price placebo effect underscored by BC in two distinct cultural-religious settings. Also, it proposes two different variations of price placebo, namely, effectiveness-centered vs satisfaction-centered. From a methodological point of view, it is the first project in the Islamic marketing discipline that applies the Islamic perspective on causality.

scholarly journals Numerical Analysis of Stapes Prosthesis Constraining in the Case of Otosclerosis

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (24) ◽  
pp. 7747
Author(s):  
Virginija Gylienė ◽  
Valdas Eidukynas ◽  
Giedrius Gylys ◽  
Shalini Murugesan
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Analysis ◽  
Dynamical Behavior ◽  
Ossicular Chain ◽  
3D Models ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Thick Part ◽  
Stapes Prosthesis ◽  
Thin Part ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Over Time

In the case of otosclerosis, it has been noticed that even though there are a variety of different prostheses on the market, due to the anatomical characteristics, it is not always possible to restore excellent mobility to the ossicles and the prosthesis. On the one hand, this happens because the incus long process and the prosthesis create difficult angles. On the other hand, incus necrosis is among the most common causes of the loss of stability to the prosthesis and stapedectomy failure. The aim of this research is to suggest an improvement for stapes prosthesis stability and numerically evaluate the impact of the prosthesis constraining to its dynamical behavior. Numerical 3D models of a standard as well as a modified (adjustable angled) stapes prosthesis were created in order to achieve this aim. Consequently, the modal analysis has been performed to evaluate the mechanical behavior of the prosthesis, assuming that the piston (thick part) would be made of Teflon, and the thin part, fixated on the incus long process, would be made from titanium alloy. Finally, the numerical analysis has been conducted by changing the boundary conditions in respect of the prosthesis constraining, where the attached stapes prosthesis connects to the ossicular chain. Subsequently, there were two hypotheses raised for the prosthesis loop constraining. The first is that during the surgery, the prosthesis is perfectly crimped with certain looseness. The second is that the prosthesis is outgrown by the tissues over time and thus becomes over-constrained. Then, the analyzed standard stapes prosthesis does not fulfil its functions because of the over-constraining that develops over time. An improvement for the standard stapes prosthesis, i.e., a modified stapes prosthesis (adjustable angled), that has been proposed in this research allows avoidance of the negative effects of the over-constrained standard stapes prosthesis that appear over time. Moreover, the proposed modified prosthesis helps to regain hearing when the angle between the incus long process and prosthesis is unfavorable.

scholarly journals Does beauty have a price? The impact of a conceptualization of beauty on the price placebo effect in Turkey compared to New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djavlonbek Kadirov ◽  
C Raju ◽  
A Bardakcı ◽  
N Madak ◽  
M Saud Khan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Western Values ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact

© 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited. Purpose: Marketers of beauty products capitalize on consumers’ perception of beauty to enact a price placebo effect through setting high prices to insinuate a superior performing product. Yet, in the context of growing alternative beauty movements emphasizing inner beauty and self-acceptance, little is known on how the effect of price on a product’s perceived effectiveness and satisfaction is bounded by different modes of beauty conceptualization (BC). Hence, this study aims to investigate how distinct perceptions of beauty impact the effectiveness-based and satisfaction-based price placebo effects in Muslim-majority markets such as Turkey compared to markets largely driven by Western values such as New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach: This research is based on a quasi-experimental factorial design based on the manipulation of the level of price for a beauty product and the observation of the extent of BC. The sample included 144 participants from Turkey and 147 participants from New Zealand. Findings: This research finds that the manipulation of the price (low vs high) equally activates the effectiveness-centered price placebo effect in both countries. When expectations are taken into account, the (satisfaction-based) price placebo effect is non-existent in New Zealand, while in Turkey the higher price leads to an opposite effect: a significant decrease in satisfaction. It is also found that the effect of price on effectiveness is moderated by BC. In both countries, the price placebo effect is activated only when consumers narrowly conceptualize beauty, while this effect does not hold for broad conceptualizers. The effect of BC on the price placebo appears to be stronger in New Zealand in comparison to Turkey. Practical implications: Marketing managers’ awareness of different perceptions of beauty and how these may influence the price placebo effect in different cultures would allow them to decide what strategies are most appropriate for different groups of customers. For example, by pursuing the movement toward inner beauty and its broad conceptualization, high-end brands are likely to compromise opportunities to capitalize on the price placebo effect. On the other hand, this alternative perspective may cultivate profound satisfaction in the long-term. Social implications: The price placebo effect disappears when people conceptualize beauty from a broad (inner) perspective. This suggests that public policymakers, to counteract the negative effects of misleading marketing and to create fair exchanges, must promote broad BC in society. Originality/value: This study contributes to the body of the existing research on price placebo by offering unique insights into the boundary conditions of the price placebo effect underscored by BC in two distinct cultural-religious settings. Also, it proposes two different variations of price placebo, namely, effectiveness-centered vs satisfaction-centered. From a methodological point of view, it is the first project in the Islamic marketing discipline that applies the Islamic perspective on causality.

scholarly journals Does beauty have a price? The impact of a conceptualization of beauty on the price placebo effect in Turkey compared to New Zealand

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Djavlonbek Kadirov ◽  
C Raju ◽  
A Bardakcı ◽  
N Madak ◽  
M Saud Khan
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Placebo Effect ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Body ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Western Values ◽  
Different Cultures ◽  
The Impact

© 2020, Emerald Publishing Limited. Purpose: Marketers of beauty products capitalize on consumers’ perception of beauty to enact a price placebo effect through setting high prices to insinuate a superior performing product. Yet, in the context of growing alternative beauty movements emphasizing inner beauty and self-acceptance, little is known on how the effect of price on a product’s perceived effectiveness and satisfaction is bounded by different modes of beauty conceptualization (BC). Hence, this study aims to investigate how distinct perceptions of beauty impact the effectiveness-based and satisfaction-based price placebo effects in Muslim-majority markets such as Turkey compared to markets largely driven by Western values such as New Zealand. Design/methodology/approach: This research is based on a quasi-experimental factorial design based on the manipulation of the level of price for a beauty product and the observation of the extent of BC. The sample included 144 participants from Turkey and 147 participants from New Zealand. Findings: This research finds that the manipulation of the price (low vs high) equally activates the effectiveness-centered price placebo effect in both countries. When expectations are taken into account, the (satisfaction-based) price placebo effect is non-existent in New Zealand, while in Turkey the higher price leads to an opposite effect: a significant decrease in satisfaction. It is also found that the effect of price on effectiveness is moderated by BC. In both countries, the price placebo effect is activated only when consumers narrowly conceptualize beauty, while this effect does not hold for broad conceptualizers. The effect of BC on the price placebo appears to be stronger in New Zealand in comparison to Turkey. Practical implications: Marketing managers’ awareness of different perceptions of beauty and how these may influence the price placebo effect in different cultures would allow them to decide what strategies are most appropriate for different groups of customers. For example, by pursuing the movement toward inner beauty and its broad conceptualization, high-end brands are likely to compromise opportunities to capitalize on the price placebo effect. On the other hand, this alternative perspective may cultivate profound satisfaction in the long-term. Social implications: The price placebo effect disappears when people conceptualize beauty from a broad (inner) perspective. This suggests that public policymakers, to counteract the negative effects of misleading marketing and to create fair exchanges, must promote broad BC in society. Originality/value: This study contributes to the body of the existing research on price placebo by offering unique insights into the boundary conditions of the price placebo effect underscored by BC in two distinct cultural-religious settings. Also, it proposes two different variations of price placebo, namely, effectiveness-centered vs satisfaction-centered. From a methodological point of view, it is the first project in the Islamic marketing discipline that applies the Islamic perspective on causality.

New exploration opportunities in the southern Vlaming Sub-basin

2008 ◽  
Vol 48 (1) ◽  
pp. 371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chris Nicholson ◽  
Irina Borissova ◽  
Andrew Krassay ◽  
Chris Boreham ◽  
Eric Monteil ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Continental Margin ◽  
Energy Security ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Liquid Hydrocarbons ◽  
Structural Restoration ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
Seismic Sections

As part of the Australian Government’s Energy Security Initiative, a new tectono-stratigraphic and petroleum systems study has been carried out in the Vlaming Sub-basin on Australia’s southwest continental margin. The study has included: biostratigraphic revisions for key wells; seismic interpretations of new and reprocessed data; geochemical assessments of key source rock intervals and liquid hydrocarbons; structural restoration of key seismic sections; and, 3D burial history modelling. Results have significantly improved our understanding of the Vlaming Sub-basin’s evolution and provide a basis for future exploration. New exploration opportunities in the southern Vlaming Sub-basin are open to explorers through the Australian Government’s 2008 Acreage Release.

New insights into the petroleum prospectivity of the Browse Basin: the results of a multi-disciplinary study

2016 ◽  
Vol 56 (1) ◽  
pp. 483 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadege Rollet ◽  
Emmanuelle Grosjean ◽  
Dianne Edwards ◽  
Tehani Palu ◽  
Steve Abbott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Spatial Relationship ◽  
Upper Jurassic ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Hydrocarbon Generation ◽  
Burial History ◽  
North West ◽  
Petroleum Systems ◽  
Systems Model ◽  
Hydrocarbon Expulsion

The Browse Basin hosts large gas accumulations, some of which are being developed for conventional liquefied natural gas (LNG). Extensive appraisal drilling has been focused in the central Caswell Sub-basin at Ichthys and Prelude, and along the extended Brecknock-Scott Reef Trend; whereas elsewhere the basin remains underexplored. To provide a better understanding of regional hydrocarbon prospectivity, the sequence stratigraphy of the Cretaceous succession and structural framework were analysed to determine the spatial relationship of reservoir and seal pairs, and those areas of enhanced source rock development. The sequence stratigraphic interpretation is based upon a common North West Shelf stratigraphic framework that has been developed in conjunction with industry, and aligned with the international time scale. Sixty key wells and 2D and 3D seismic data have been interpreted to produce palaeogeographic maps and depositional models for the Cretaceous succession. Geochemical analyses have characterised the molecular and stable isotopic signatures of fluids and correlated them with potential source rocks. The resultant petroleum systems model provides a more detailed understanding of source rock maturity, organic richness and hydrocarbon-generation potential in the basin. The model reveals that many accumulations have a complex charge history, with the mixing of hydrocarbon fluids from multiple Mesozoic source rocks, including the Lower–Middle Jurassic J10–J20 supersequences (Plover Formation), Upper Jurassic–Lowermost Cretaceous J30–K10 supersequences (Vulcan Formation), and Lower Cretaceous K20–K30 supersequences (Echuca Shoals Formation). Burial history and hydrocarbon expulsion models, applied to these Jurassic and Cretaceous supersequences, suggest that numerous petroleum systems are effective within the basin. For example, hydrocarbons are interpreted to have been generated from several source pods within the southern Caswell Sub-basin with migration continuing onto the Yampi Shelf, an area of renewed exploration interest.

scholarly journals Integrated petroleum systems analysis to understand the source of fluids in the Browse Basin, Australia

2017 ◽  
Vol 57 (2) ◽  
pp. 781 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tehani Palu ◽  
Lisa Hall ◽  
Emmanuelle Grosjean ◽  
Dianne Edwards ◽  
Nadege Rollet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Source Rock ◽  
Systems Analysis ◽  
Saturation Pressure ◽  
Phase Behaviour ◽  
Dew Point ◽  
Source Rocks ◽  
Fluid Composition ◽  
Burial History ◽  
Terrestrial Organic Matter ◽  
Petroleum Systems

The Browse Basin is located offshore on Australia’s North West Shelf and is a proven hydrocarbon province, hosting gas with associated condensate in an area where oil reserves are typically small. The assessment of a basin’s oil potential traditionally focuses on the presence or absence of oil-prone source rocks. However, light oil can be found in basins where source rocks are gas-prone and the primary hydrocarbon type is gas-condensate. Oil rims form whenever such fluids migrate into reservoirs at pressures less than their dew point (saturation) pressure. By combining petroleum systems analysis with geochemical studies of source rocks and fluids (gases and liquids), four Mesozoic petroleum systems have been identified in the basin. This study applies petroleum systems analysis to understand the source of fluids and their phase behaviour in the Browse Basin. Source rock richness, thickness and quality are mapped from well control. Petroleum systems modelling that integrates source rock property maps, basin-specific kinetics, 1D burial history models and regional 3D surfaces, provides new insights into source rock maturity, generation and expelled fluid composition. The principal source rocks are Early–Middle Jurassic fluvio-deltaic coaly shales and shales within the J10–J20 supersequences (Plover Formation), Middle–Late Jurassic to Early Cretaceous sub-oxic marine shales within the J30–K10 supersequences (Vulcan and Montara formations) and K20–K30 supersequences (Echuca Shoals Formation). These source rocks contain significant contributions of terrestrial organic matter, and within the Caswell Sub-basin, have reached sufficient maturities to have transformed most of the kerogen into hydrocarbons, with the majority of expulsion occurring from the Late Cretaceous until present.

Effectiveness of Programs for the Prevention of Child Sexual Abuse

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amaia Del Campo ◽  
Marisalva Fávero
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse ◽  
New Zealand ◽  
Critical Analysis ◽  
Prevention Programs ◽  
The United States ◽  
Sexual Abuse Prevention ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Methodological Considerations

Abstract. During the last decades, several studies have been conducted on the effectiveness of sexual abuse prevention programs implemented in different countries. In this article, we present a review of 70 studies (1981–2017) evaluating prevention programs, conducted mostly in the United States and Canada, although with a considerable presence also in other countries, such as New Zealand and the United Kingdom. The results of these studies, in general, are very promising and encourage us to continue this type of intervention, almost unanimously confirming its effectiveness. Prevention programs encourage children and adolescents to report the abuse experienced and they may help to reduce the trauma of sexual abuse if there are victims among the participants. We also found that some evaluations have not considered the possible negative effects of this type of programs in the event that they are applied inappropriately. Finally, we present some methodological considerations as critical analysis to this type of evaluations.

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