scholarly journals Synthesis, Spectroscopic, Thermal, and Catalytic Properties of Eight New Complexes of Metal(II) Formates or Propionates with Imidazole, Relationship between the Carbon Chain Length and Catalytic Activity

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 142
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Rogalewicz ◽  
Tomasz Maniecki ◽  
Radosław Ciesielski ◽  
Agnieszka Czylkowska
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Catalytic Properties ◽  
Absorption Spectrometry ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
The Relationship

In one of our previously published articles, we reported the synthesis, spectroscopic, thermal, and catalytic properties of four new M(II) acetate (where M = Co, Ni, Cu, Zn) complexes with imidazole. Presented compounds exhibited activity in the reaction on catalytic oxidation of styrene. In this study we have synthesized and investigated properties of analogous compounds, however using formates or propionates of mentioned metal cations instead of acetates. Such an approach allowed us to draw valuable conclusions concerning the relationship between the carbon chain length and catalytic activity, which is an important factor for catalyst modeling. Synthesized compounds have been thoroughly investigated using appropriate analytic techniques: AAS (Atomic Absorption Spectrometry), FTIR (Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy), and TGA (Thermogravimetric Analysis). Catalytic properties have been studied under the same previous conditions, using GC-FID (GC-chromatograph equipped with FID detector).

scholarly journals THERAPEUTIC INDICES OF SOME ANTIFUNGAL ORGANIC COMPOUNDS

2021 ◽  
pp. 115-117
Author(s):  
EUGENE SEBASTIAN J. NIDIRY
Keyword(s):  
Antifungal Activity ◽  
Organic Compounds ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Antifungal Compound ◽  
Antifungal Compounds ◽  
Potato Dextrose Agar Medium ◽  
Mammalian Toxicity ◽  
The Relationship

Objective: The objective of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic indices (TIs) some antifungal organic compounds and to compare their safety. Methods: TIs of 55 organic compounds were evaluated by dividing their mammalian toxicity values given as median lethal doses ([mg/kg] rat, oral) collected from literature by experimentally determined fungitoxicity values evaluated as median effective concentration (EC50 [mg/L]) for the mycelial growth inhibition of Colletotrichum gloeosporioides on potato dextrose agar medium. Results: Large variations in TIs are observed in different classes of compounds, namely, alcohols, carboxylic acids, phenols, esters, and aldehydes. The relationship between carbon chain length of saturated monohydric alcohols and mammalian toxicity shows that toxicity increases from chain length 1 to 5, declines from 5 to 6, increases from 6 to 7, and steadily declines from 7 to 10. Thus, the relationship is by and large parabolic. The relationship between carbon chain length and molar antifungal activity is also parabolic. In spite of this, large differences are found in TIs making 1-decanol (TI=42.1) a very safe antifungal compound and 1-pentanol (TI=0.17) a hazardous antifungal compound. This is because mammalian toxicity reaches a maximum around carbon chain length of 5, while in the case of antifungal activity, it reaches a maximum around carbon chain length of 10. Conclusions: Among the 55 compounds, whose TIs were evaluated, some compounds with high TIs (>10) which can be considered safe as antifungal compounds are citronellol, geraniol, 1-decanol, 1-octanol, phenyl acetaldehyde, methyl anthranilate, 1-naphthol, 2-naphthol, and propionic acid. Some compounds with low TIs (<0.50) which can be considered hazardous as antifungal compounds are resorcinol, hydroquinone, oxalic acid, and acetyl acetone.

Synthesis of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers from methylal and trioxane catalyzed by Brønsted acid ionic liquids with different alkyl groups

RSC Advances ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (71) ◽  
pp. 57968-57974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qin Wu ◽  
Weijiao Li ◽  
Min Wang ◽  
Yu Hao ◽  
Tonghua Chu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Bronsted Acid ◽  
Alkyl Groups ◽  
Polyoxymethylene Dimethyl Ethers ◽  
Brönsted Acid

The carbon chain length of ILs has effect on its catalytic activity and [C6ImBS][HSO4]shows the best catalytic performance.

Ionic liquid-biosurfactant blends as effective dispersants for oil spills: Effect of carbon chain length and degree of saturation

2021 ◽  
pp. 117119
Author(s):  
Mansoor Ul Hassan Shah ◽  
Ambavaram Vijaya Bhaskar Reddy ◽  
Suzana Yusup ◽  
Masahiro Goto ◽  
Muhammad Moniruzzaman
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Oil Spills ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Degree Of Saturation ◽  
Carbon Chain Length

Controlling the Secondary Assembly of Porous Anionic Uranyl-organic Polyhedra through Organic Cationic Templates

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liwen Zeng ◽  
Kong-qiu Hu ◽  
Zhi-wei Huang ◽  
Lei Mei ◽  
Xianghe Kong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Organic Templates ◽  
Secondary Assembly

Herein, we report a new uranyl-organic polyhedron U4L4 (L=BTPCA) assembled from uranyl and a semirigid tritopic ligand. By adjusting the carbon chain length of the organic templates, two complexes can...

Effect of carbon chain length on biological activity of novel palladium (II) complexes

2014 ◽  
Vol 82 ◽  
pp. 172-180 ◽  
Author(s):  
En-Jun Gao ◽  
Hong Fu ◽  
Ming-Chang Zhu ◽  
Chi Ma ◽  
Shi-Kai Liang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Chain Length ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Carbon Chain Length

scholarly journals Studies on Surfactants, Cosurfactants, and Oils for Prospective Use in Formulation of Ketorolac Tromethamine Ophthalmic Nanoemulsions

Pharmaceutics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 467
Author(s):  
Shahla S. Smail ◽  
Mowafaq M. Ghareeb ◽  
Huner K. Omer ◽  
Ali A. Al-Kinani ◽  
Raid G. Alany
Keyword(s):  
Chain Length ◽  
Molecular Descriptors ◽  
Chorioallantoic Membrane ◽  
Carbon Chain ◽  
Log P ◽  
Carbon Chain Length ◽  
Ketorolac Tromethamine ◽  
Hen’S Egg ◽  
Oil Water ◽  
Tween 60

Nanoemulsions (NE) are isotropic, dispersions of oil, water, surfactant(s) and cosurfactant(s). A range of components (11 surfactants, nine cosurfactants, and five oils) were investigated as potential excipients for preparation of ketorolac tromethamine (KT) ocular nanoemulsion. Diol cosurfactants were investigated for the effect of their carbon chain length and dielectric constant (DEC), Log P, and HLB on saturation solubility of KT. Hen’s Egg Test—ChorioAllantoic Membrane (HET-CAM) assay was used to evaluate conjunctival irritation of selected excipients. Of the investigated surfactants, Tween 60 achieved the highest KT solubility (9.89 ± 0.17 mg/mL), followed by Cremophor RH 40 (9.00 ± 0.21 mg/mL); amongst cosurfactants of interest ethylene glycol yielded the highest KT solubility (36.84 ± 0.40 mg/mL), followed by propylene glycol (26.23 ± 0.82 mg/mL). The solubility of KT in cosurfactants was affected by four molecular descriptors: carbon chain length, DEC, log P and HLB. KT solubility was directly proportional to DEC and the HLB yet, inversely proportional to carbon chain length and log P. All surfactants, except Labrasol ALF, were non-irritant. The majority of cosurfactants were slightly irritant, butylene glycol was a moderate irritant, pentylene and hexylene glycols were strong irritants. These findings will inform experiments aimed at developing NE formulations for ocular administration of KT.

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