scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Plastic Concrete Modified with E-Waste Plastic as a Partial Replacement of Coarse Aggregate

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 175
Author(s):  
Farhan Ahmad ◽  
Arshad Jamal ◽  
Khwaja Mateen Mazher ◽  
Waleed Umer ◽  
Mudassir Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Electronic Waste ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Significant Decrement ◽  
The World

Plastic electronic waste (E-waste) is constantly growing around the world owing to the rapid increase in industrialization, urbanization, and population. The current annual production rate of E-waste is 3–4% in the world and is expected to increase to 55 million tons per year by 2025. To reduce the detrimental impact on the environment and save natural resources, one of the best solutions is to incorporate waste plastic in the construction industry to produce green concrete. This study examines the use of manufactured plastic coarse aggregate (PCA) obtained from E-waste as a partial replacement of natural coarse aggregate (NCA) in concrete. Six types of concrete mix with 10%, 20%, 30%, 40%, and 50% substitution of NCA (by volume) with PCA are prepared and tested. This study investigates the effect of manufactured PCA on the fresh and hardened characteristics of concrete. The properties of recycled plastic aggregate concrete (RPAC) studied include workability, fresh density, dry density, compressive strength (CS), splitting tensile strength (STS), flexural strength (FS), sorptivity coefficient, abrasion resistance, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), and alternate wetting and drying (W–D). The results indicate that the CS, STS, and FS of RPAC declined in the range of 9.9–52.7%, 7.8–47.5%, and 11–39.4%, respectively, for substitution ratios of 10–50%. However, the results also indicate that the incorporation of PCA (10–50%) improved the workability and durability characteristics of concrete. A significant decrement in the sorptivity coefficient, abrasion loss, and UPV value was observed with an increasing amount of PCA. Furthermore, RPAC containing different percentages of PCA revealed better results against alternate W–D cycles with respect to ordinary concrete.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Concrete using Marble Mining Waste

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarshan Dattatraya Kore ◽  
A. K. Vyas
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Mining Waste ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Marble Waste

Abstract A huge amount waste (approximately 60%) is generated during mining and processing in marble industries. Such waste can be best utilized in infrastructure development works. Coarse aggregate 75% by weight was replaced by aggregate obtained from marble mining waste. The impact of marble waste as a partial replacement for conventional coarse aggregate on the properties of concrete mixes such as workability, compressive strength, permeability, abrasion, etc. was evaluated. The test results revealed that the compressive strength was comparable to that of control concrete. Other properties such as workability of concrete increased, water absorption reduced by 17%, and resistance to abrasion was marginally increased by 2% as compared to that of control concrete. Ultrasonic pulse velocity and FTIR results show improvement in quality of concrete with crushed marble waste. From the TGA analysis it was confirmed that, aggregate produced from marble waste shows better performance under elevated temperature than that of conventional aggregates.

scholarly journals The effects of adding waste plastic fibers on some properties of roller compacted concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 162 ◽  
pp. 02008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adil Abed ◽  
Abdulkader Al-Hadithi ◽  
Ahmed Salih Mohammed
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Roller Compacted Concrete

An attempt to produce of roller compacted concrete (RCC) improved by adding waste plastic fibers (WPFs) resulting from cutting the PET beverage bottles was recorded in this study. The method which is used for production of RCC is an approved design method for ACI committee (5R-207,1980)[1]. WPF was added by volumetric percentages ranging between (0.5 to 2 %) and reference concrete mix was produced for comparison reason. Many tests were conducted on the models produced by rolling compacted concrete like compressive strength, flexural strength, modulus of elasticity, dry density, water absorption and ultrasonic pulse velocity. The analysis of the results showed that the use of plastic waste fibers (1%) had led to improvement in the properties of each of the compressive strength and flexural strength compared with reference concrete. Results also showed that the addition of these, fibers increase water absorption and reduce the speed of Ultrasonic pulse velocity.

Estimation of Compressive Strength of Recycled Aggregate High Strength Concrete Using Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity

2014 ◽  
Vol 605 ◽  
pp. 147-150
Author(s):  
Seong Uk Hong ◽  
Seung Hun Kim ◽  
Yong Taeg Lee
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
High Strength Concrete ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Recycled Aggregate ◽  
Strength Concrete ◽  
Recycled Coarse Aggregate

This study used the ultrasonic pulse velocity method, one of the non-destructive test methods that does not damage the building for maintenance of to-be-constructed concrete structures using recycled aggregates in order to estimate the compressive strength of high strength concrete structure using recycled coarse aggregate and provide elementary resources for technological establishment of ultrasonic pulse velocity method. 200 test pieces of high strength concrete 40, 50MPa using recycled coarse aggregate were manufactured by replacement rates (0, 30, 50, 100%) and age (1, 7, 28, 180days), and air curing was executed to measure compressive strength and wave velocity. As the result of compressive strength measurement, the one with age of 180day and design strength of 40MPa was 43.69MPa, recycled coarse aggregate replacement rate of 30% 50% 100% were 42.82, 41.22, 37.35MPa, and 50MPa was 52.50MPa, recycled coarse aggregate replacement rate of 30% 50% 100% were 49.02, 46.66, 45.30MPa, and while it could be seen that the test piece substituted with recycled aggregate was found to have lower strength than the test piece with natural aggregate only, but it still reached the design strength to a degree. The correlation of compressive strength and ultrasonic pulse velocity was found and regression analysis was conducted. The estimation formula for compressive strength of high strength concrete using recycled coarse aggregate was found to be Fc=0.069Vp4.05, R2=0.66

scholarly journals Use of Waste Glass as A Replacement for Raw Materials in Mortars with a Lower Environmental Impact

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (10) ◽  
pp. 1974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Viviana Letelier ◽  
Bastián I. Henríquez-Jara ◽  
Miguel Manosalva ◽  
Camila Parodi ◽  
José Marcos Ortega
Keyword(s):  
Glass Powder ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Capillary Absorption ◽  
Powder Size ◽  
Glass Waste

Glass waste used in mortars or concretes behaves similar to cement, with resulting environmental benefits. In this light, the behavior of glass powder of various particle sizes has been analyzed as a cement replacement in mortars, in an attempt to minimize the loss of strength and durability, and maximize the amount of materials replaced. The dry density, water accessible porosity, water absorption by immersion, capillary absorption coefficient, ultrasonic pulse velocity and both compressive and flexural strengths were studied in the mortars. Furthermore, a statistical analysis of the obtained results and a greenhouse gases assessment were also performed. In view of the results obtained, glass powder of 38 microns allows up to 30% of the cement to be replaced, due to the filler effect combined with its pozzolanic activity. Moreover, it has been observed that glass powder size is one of the factors with the greatest influence among the properties of porosity, absorption and capillarity. On the other hand, in the mechanical properties, this factor does not contribute significantly more than the amount of glass powder. Finally, the greenhouse gasses analysis shows that the incorporation of glass powder reduces the CO2 emissions associated with mortar up to 29.47%.

scholarly journals Investigating the Utilization of Ground Palm Kernel Shells for Partial Replacement of Cement in Concrete Using Nondestructive Method

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Esau Abekah Armah ◽  
Hubert Azoda Koffi ◽  
Bright J. A. Y Sogbey ◽  
Josef K. Ametefe Amuzu
Keyword(s):  
Modulus Of Elasticity ◽  
Palm Kernel ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Nondestructive Method ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Percentage Increase ◽  
Water To Cement Ratio ◽  
Palm Kernel Shells

The objective of this research is to investigate the utilization of palm kernel shells in ground form (GPK) for partial replacement of ordinary Portland cement (OPC) in concrete by investigating its optimal strength using nondestructive ultrasonic pulse velocity method for both cubic and cylindrical concrete test specimen. In all a total of 135 cubes and 66 cylinders of concrete were prepared. The dimension of the cubic concrete specimens was 150 × 150 × 150 mm and that of the cylindrical specimens were 110 mm and 500 mm diameter and length respectively. The mix design of the GPK shells used as a partial replacement for OPC ranged between 0% and 50% by weight of cement using mix ratio of 1:2:4 with water to cement ratio of 0.8. The concrete specimens were test at curing periods of 7 days, 28 days and 60 days for the cubes and 7 days and 28 days for the cylinders.  Based on the results and the analysis done, it was generally observed in all cases that, as the mix ratio is increased, the ultrasonic pulse velocity, modulus of elasticity and the density decreased and as the curing period increased, these values increased across all the mix ratios. The ultrasonic pulse velocity and the density of the specimens shows that concretes containing GPK “fuel” shells has higher values than those containing GPK ordinary shells. Generally, the density, ultrasonic pulse velocity and the modulus of elasticity of concrete containing GPK shells decrease as the replacement percentage increase.

scholarly journals Investigating the Strength and Durability Properties of One Way Slabs Incorporating Marble Dust as Cement Replacement Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 775-792
Author(s):  
Muhammad Nauman Azhar ◽  
Liaquat Ali Qureshi ◽  
Muhammad Usman Rashid
Keyword(s):  
Plain Concrete ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Standard Samples ◽  
Cement Replacement ◽  
Marble Dust ◽  
Rc Slabs

To reduce the environmental pollution caused by cement manufacturing and to save both the economy and resources, it is required to use alternative waste materials of pozzolanic nature to partially replace cement in the construction industry. Among different cement replacement materials being used now-a-days, marble dust is the one on which limited research has been done especially on the performance of structural members like RC slabs. In this paper, marble dust has been used in different ratios as partial replacement of cement in concrete mix. RC one-way slabs as well as plain concrete standard samples were cast to determine their mechanical properties i.e. compressive, tensile and flexural strengths, stiffness, first & ultimate load, crack patterns, modulus of elasticity, maximum deflection and durability etc. It was found that by increasing the dosage of marble dust in plain concrete samples, workability was decreased. Compressive and tensile strengths of concrete increased up to 7.5% replacement but decreased on further replacement. The permeability of concrete decreased with the addition of marble dust up to 10% replacement, then it increased. The behavior of one-way slabs showed an increase in the first crack load and ultimate failure capacity. Moreover, decrease in the deflection of slabs was observed with the increasing replacement of cement with marble dust. The resistance of concrete against corrosion of steel reinforcement also increased due to less migration of chloride ions. Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity (UPV) tests showed improved homogeneity and stiffness of concrete structure with the replacement of cement by marble dust.

Characterization of Eggshell and Natural Chloride Stabilized Soil Using Geophysical Techniques

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amit Kumar ◽  
◽  
Dharmender Kumar Soni ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Transmission Lines ◽  
Polypropylene Fiber ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse Velocity ◽  
Ultrasonic Pulse ◽  
Pulse Velocity ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Fast Method ◽  
Stabilized Soil ◽  
Non Destructive

Although many techniques are available for the evaluation of soil parameters, but a quick and efficient method is always welcome. To avoid the hassle calculation and tedious procedures of testing; practitioners seek a fast method for site implementation of laboratory results. In the recent era of development and technology, it has been necessary to adopt the advanced techniques to evaluate the geotechnical parameters. In the present study, correlations between geophysical and compaction tests results have been derived. Eggshell powder (ESP), a waste material along with sodium chloride (NaCl) and polypropylene fiber (PPF) was used to stabilize the soil. Design of experiments was done by Taguchi technique using Minitab 17 software. A series of non-destructive geophysical tests i.e., Ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV) and Electrical resistivity (Re) tests was carried out on 21 days aged soil specimens. Not only software based analytical results showed ESP as the dominating factor for attaining improvement in packing of soil particles and make soil resistive but also the results confirmed the same. UPV of the stabilized soil was found increased up to 69%-122% with respect to an increase in dry density of about 1.16%-1.74%. The utility of the present study can be found in places where dense soil and electric resistive properties meets such as transmission lines and railway electric poles etc. and for the purpose seismic and resistivity mapping methods can be used

scholarly journals Response Surfaces for Fresh and Hardened Properties of Concrete with E-Waste (HIPS)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. Senthil Kumar ◽  
K. Baskar
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface ◽  
Coarse Aggregate ◽  
Response Surfaces ◽  
Partial Replacement ◽  
Contour Plot ◽  
Dry Density ◽  
Waste Plastic ◽  
Cement Ratio ◽  
Water Cement Ratio ◽  
Hardened Properties

The fresh and hardened properties of concrete with E-waste plastic, that is, high impact polystyrene (HIPS), as a partial replacement for coarse aggregate were analyzed using response surface methodology (RSM). Face-centred central composite response surface design was used in this study. The statistical models were developed between the factors (HIPS and water cement ratio) and their response variables (slump, fresh density, dry density, compressive strength, spilt tensile strength, and flexural strength). The Design-Expert 9.0.3 software package was used to analyze the experimental values. The relationships were established and final mathematical models in terms of coded factors from predicted responses were developed. The effects of factors on properties for all variables were seen visually from the response surface and contour plot. Validation of experiments has shown that the experimental value closely agreed with the predicted value, which validates the calculated response surface models with desirability = 1. The HIPS replacement influenced all the properties of concrete than water cement ratio. Even though all properties show the decline trend, the experimented values and predicted values give a hope that the E-waste plastic (HIPS) can be used as coarse aggregate up to certain percentage of replacement in concrete which successively reduces the hazardous solid waste problem and conserves the natural resources from exhaustion.

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