Comparison of the Acute Effects of Kinesio Taping and Sleeper Stretching on the Shoulder Rotation Range of Motion, Manual Muscle Strength, and Sub-Acromial Space in Pitchers with Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit

Background and Objectives: Sleeper stretching (SS) can improve the shoulder’s range of motion (ROM) for pitchers with glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD). However, no evidence has proven the effect of Kinesio taping (KT) on shoulder strength and ROM. Therefore, this study compared the effects of SS and KT on shoulder rotation ROM, muscle strength, and sub-acromial distance in pitchers with GIRD. Materials and Methods: Thirty-one pitchers with GIRD were allocated into control, KT, and SS groups. Shoulder rotation ROM, muscle strength, and sub-acromial space were measured before and after treatment with SS or KT. Results: The results revealed that KT and SS significantly enhanced shoulder rotation ROM in pitchers with GIRD. External rotator strength significantly increased following KT but significantly decreased after SS. KT and SS exerted no effects on the sub-acromial space. Conclusions: KT and SS improve shoulder rotation ROM in pitchers with GIRD. In addition, KT improves shoulder external rotator strength, and SS reduces it.

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The Immediate Effects of Muscle Energy Technique on Range of Motion and Isokinetic Muscle Strength in Volleyball Players with Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit: A Randomized Controlled Trial*

10.5152/eurjther.2021.20012 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 199-205

Author(s):

Ender Ersin Avci ◽

◽

Zubeyir Sari ◽

Bahar Ayberk ◽

Mustafa Ozdal ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Randomized Controlled Trial ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Internal Rotation ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Randomized Controlled ◽

Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit ◽

Muscle Energy Technique ◽

Isokinetic Muscle Strength ◽

Muscle Energy

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Acute Effects of a Single Football Training or Match on Passive Hip Rotation Range of Motion in Semi-Professional Football Players: A Pilot Study

Medicina ◽

10.3390/medicina56050228 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 56 (5) ◽

pp. 228

Author(s):

Blanca De-la-Cruz-Torres ◽

Vanesa Abuín-Porras ◽

Maria Blanco-Morales ◽

Mónica de-la-Cueva-Reguera ◽

César Calvo-Lobo ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Internal Rotation ◽

External Rotation ◽

Small Sample Size ◽

Training Session ◽

Small Sample ◽

Lower Limbs ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Before And After ◽

Hip Rotation

Background and Objectives: The repetitive loading forces generated during football activities may induce alterations in the hip rotation range of motion (ROM) in players. The objective of this study was to evaluate the acute effects of a training and a match on bilateral passive hip rotation ROM in both lower limbs in soccer. Material and Methods: Twenty-eight male players were divided into two groups: 14 players (28 limbs) with normal bilateral hip rotation ROM (NH group) and 14 players (28 limbs) with restricted bilateral hip ROM (RH group). Passive bilateral hip rotation ROM was measured, by goniometer, before and after training or a match. Internal-rotation ROM (ROMIR), external-rotation ROM (ROMER), total ROM (ROMTOT) and relative internal rotation (ROMREL) were calculated. Results: The NH group did not show substantial changes in hip ROM after a training nor a match. After a training session, only the RH group exhibited a substantial increase in ROMIR, ROMER and ROMTOT. After a match, only the RH group exhibited a substantial increase in ROMER and ROMTOT and exhibited a substantial decrease in ROMREL. Comparing both groups, there were significant differences within ROM changes for ROMER and ROMTOT after training and for ROMER and ROMREL after a match. Conclusions: Despite the small sample size of the present study, the findings indicate that a single football activity leads to significant changes in hip rotation ROM in players with restricted bilateral hip external-rotation ROM. However, these changes did not reach reference cut-off scores.

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The Acute Effects of a Swimming Session on the Shoulder Rotators Strength and Balance of Age Group Swimmers

International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health ◽

10.3390/ijerph18158109 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 18 (15) ◽

pp. 8109

Author(s):

Nuno Batalha ◽

Jose A. Parraca ◽

Daniel A. Marinho ◽

Ana Conceição ◽

Hugo Louro ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Repeated Measures ◽

Training Session ◽

Age Group ◽

Acute Effects ◽

Muscle Strengthening ◽

Repeated Measures Design ◽

Before And After ◽

Shoulder Strength ◽

Isometric Torque ◽

Gender Specific

The purpose of this study was to analyze the acute effects of a standardized water training session on the shoulder rotators strength and balance in age group swimmers, in order to understand whether a muscle-strengthening workout immediately after the water training is appropriate. A repeated measures design was implemented with two measurements performed before and after a standardized swim session. 127 participants were assembled in male (n = 72; age: 16.28 ± 1.55 years, height: 174.15 ± 7.89 cm, weight: 63.97 ± 6.51 kg) and female (n = 55; age: 15.29 ± 1.28 years, height: 163.03 ± 7.19 cm, weight: 52.72 ± 5.48 kg) cohorts. The isometric torque of the shoulder internal (IR) and external (ER) rotators, as well as the ER/IR ratios, were assessed using a hand-held dynamometer. Paired sample t-tests and effect sizes (Cohen’s d) were used (p ≤ 0.05). No significant differences were found on the shoulder rotators strength or balance in males after training. Females exhibited unchanged strength values after practice, but there was a considerable decrease in the shoulder rotators balance of the non-dominant limb (p < 0.01 d = 0.366). This indicates that a single practice seems not to affect the shoulders strength and balance of adolescent swimmers, but this can be a gender specific phenomenon. While muscle-strengthening workout after the water session may be appropriate for males, it can be questionable regarding females. Swimming coaches should regularly assess shoulder strength levels in order to individually identify swimmers who may or may not be able to practice muscle strengthening after the water training.

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GIRD syndrome in male handball and volleyball players: Is the decrease of total range of motion the turning point to pathology?

Journal of Back and Musculoskeletal Rehabilitation ◽

10.3233/bmr-191767 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 1-8

Author(s):

Jonas Schmalzl ◽

Helen Walter ◽

Wolfram Rothfischer ◽

Sören Blaich ◽

Christian Gerhardt ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Range Of Motion ◽

Internal Rotation ◽

Turning Point ◽

External Rotation ◽

Constant Score ◽

High Rate ◽

Overhead Athletes ◽

Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit ◽

Total Range ◽

Volleyball Players

BACKGROUND: Adaptations in glenohumeral range of motion may affect overhead athletes and lead to shoulder pathologies. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to evaluate glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) and postero-superior impingement among male handball and volleyball players and the relationship between these pathologies and training level (amateur vs. professional), position (attack vs. no attack), experience (> 5 years vs. < 5 years) and sports. METHODS: Sixty-seven handball players and 67 volleyball players with a mean age of 25 [± 5] years were included. The range of motion including external and internal rotation in 90∘ abduction of the dominant and non-dominant shoulder was measured of each examined athlete. Visual analogue scale, disabilities of the shoulder and hand score, constant score and subjective shoulder value were recorded. The athletes were examined for postero-superior impingement and abduction force was measured with an isokinetic dynamometer. RESULTS: Internal rotation was significantly lower and external rotation was significantly greater in the dominant arm for both sports. 72% presented with GIRD. GIRD was more prevalent in athletes active for > 5 years (odds ratio (OR) 3), in those training > 3 times per week (OR 1.4) and in handball players (OR 2.7). 24% presented with postero-superior impingement. Players active for > 5 years (OR 1.22), professionals (OR 1.14), volleyball players (OR 1.19), offensive players (OR 2.2) and athletes with GIRD > 10∘ (OR 1.5) showed a higher prevalence of postero-superior impingement. CONCLUSION: GIRD is a common phenomenon in handball and volleyball players. Offensive players are frequently suffering from postero-superior impingement. GIRD > 10∘ leads in nearly 75% of the athletes to a decrease of total range of motion and a high rate of postero-superior impingement. Thus, a decreased range of motion seems to be the turning point from adaptation to pathology. Therefore, regular controls of range of motion and countermeasures by means of stretching the posterior shoulder joint should be integrated in the training content.

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Comparison of kinesio taping and cold therapy in patients with total knee arthroplasty: A randomized controlled trial

Clinical Rehabilitation ◽

10.1177/02692155211049152 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 026921552110491

Author(s):

Ertugrul Yuksel ◽

Bayram Unver ◽

Vasfi Karatosun

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Muscle Strength ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Therapy Group ◽

Controlled Trial ◽

Control Group ◽

Functional Level ◽

Kinesio Taping ◽

Cold Therapy

Objective To investigate the effects of kinesio taping and cold therapy on pain, edema, range of motion, muscle strength, functional level and quality of life in patients with total knee arthroplasty. Design Randomised controlled trial. Setting A university hospital. Subjects One-hundred patients were included. Intervention Patients were allocated into three groups; control group, kinesio group and cold therapy group. The control group received a standard rehabilitation program. Kinesio taping group received two fan-shaped kinesio taping bands and cold therapy group received cold packs in addition to the standard rehabilitation program. Main measures The outcome measures were pain, edema, range of motion, muscle strength, functional level and quality of life. Participants were assessed at preoperative, discharge and postoperative third month. Results The groups were similar at preoperative. A significant difference was determined in terms of pain in kinesio taping group compared to the control group at the discharge. Cold therapy was efficient in reducing postoperative swelling but kinesio taping had no significant effects on swelling control. There was no difference between the groups in terms of range of motion, muscle strength, functional level and quality of life. The groups were similar in all parameters at the postoperative third month measurements. Conclusion Fan-shaped kinesio taping is an effective technique in terms of postoperative pain relief. Cold therapy is an effective method in terms of edema control. Kinesio taping and cold therapy has no specific beneficial effect on functional level, muscle strength and quality of life compared to control group.

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Immediate effect of Kinesio taping on shoulder muscle strength and range of motion in healthy individuals: A randomised trial

Hong Kong Physiotherapy Journal ◽

10.1016/j.hkpj.2014.10.004 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 33 (2) ◽

pp. 80-88 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

Sarfaraz Alam ◽

Deepak Malhotra ◽

Jitender Munjal ◽

Ashima Chachra

Keyword(s):

Muscle Strength ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Randomised Trial ◽

Healthy Individuals ◽

Kinesio Taping ◽

Shoulder Muscle ◽

Shoulder Muscle Strength

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WITHDRAWN: Posterior shoulder tightness, joint position sense, and shoulder strength in subjects with and without glenohumeral internal rotation deficit

Physical Therapy in Sport ◽

10.1016/j.ptsp.2020.04.007 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 45 ◽

pp. e1

Author(s):

Scheila Marisa Pinheiro ◽

Bianca Rodrigues da Silva ◽

Lorena Passos Vigolvino ◽

Catarina de Oliveira Sousa

Keyword(s):

Internal Rotation ◽

Position Sense ◽

Joint Position Sense ◽

Joint Position ◽

Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit ◽

Posterior Shoulder ◽

Shoulder Strength ◽

Posterior Shoulder Tightness

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Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit and Risk of Upper Extremity Injury in Overhead Athletes: A Meta-Analysis and Systematic Review

Sports Health A Multidisciplinary Approach ◽

10.1177/1941738118756577 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 125-132 ◽

Cited By ~ 22

Author(s):

Robert A. Keller ◽

Anthony F. De Giacomo ◽

Julie A. Neumann ◽

Orr Limpisvasti ◽

James E. Tibone

Keyword(s):

Systematic Review ◽

Range Of Motion ◽

Upper Extremity ◽

Internal Rotation ◽

Meta Analysis ◽

Mean Difference ◽

Extremity Injury ◽

Overhead Athletes ◽

Glenohumeral Internal Rotation Deficit ◽

Upper Extremity Injury

Context: Current perception dictates that glenohumeral internal rotation deficit (GIRD) is a chronic adaptation that leads to an increased risk of pathologic conditions in the dominant shoulder or elbow of overhead athletes. Objective: To determine whether adaptations in glenohumeral range of motion in overhead athletes lead to injuries of the upper extremity, specifically in the shoulder or elbow. Data Sources: An electronic database search was performed using Medline, Embase, and SportDiscus from 1950 to 2016. The following keywords were used: GIRD, glenohumeral internal rotation deficit, glenohumeral deficit, shoulder, sport, injury, shoulder joint, baseball, football, racquet sports, volleyball, javelin, cricket, athletic injuries, handball, lacrosse, water polo, hammer throw, and throwing injury. Study Selection: Seventeen studies met the inclusion criteria for this systematic review. Of those 17 studies, 10 included specific range of motion measurements required for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Level of Evidence: Level 4. Data Extraction: Data on demographics and methodology as well as shoulder range of motion in various planes were collected when possible. The primary outcome of interest was upper extremity injury, specifically shoulder or elbow injury. Results: The systematic review included 2195 athletes (1889 males, 306 females) with a mean age of 20.8 years. Shoulders with GIRD favored an upper extremity injury, with a mean difference of 3.11° (95% CI, –0.13° to 6.36°; P = 0.06). Shoulder total range of motion suggested increased motion (mean difference, 2.97°) correlated with no injury ( P = 0.11), and less total motion (mean difference, 1.95°) favored injury ( P = 0.14). External rotational gain also favored injury, with a mean difference of 1.93° ( P = 0.07). Conclusion: The pooled results of this systematic review and meta-analysis did not reach statistical significance for any shoulder motion measurement and its correlation to shoulder or elbow injury. Results, though not reaching significance, favored injury in overhead athletes with GIRD, as well as rotational loss and external rotational gain.

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