scholarly journals Model of Hydraulic Resistance When Forecasting Reverse Osmosis in Water Treatment

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Janina Piekutin ◽  
Urszula Kotowska
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Hydraulic Model ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Ammonium Ion ◽  
Pressure Filtration ◽  
Filtration Resistance ◽  
Membrane Change

The article presents research on the treatment of infiltration water with increased ammonium ion and nitrate(V) content through reverse osmosis. Then, research was conducted on the phenomena related to the decrease in the permeability of the membrane used for the research. The search for an appropriate interpretation of the phenomena was carried out using mathematical modeling. Based on the assumptions of the hydraulic model of the filtration resistance, calculations were made to forecast the efficiency of the osmotic membrane used in the discussed process. For this purpose, the following indicators were determined experimentally for the membrane: change in the volumetric flow of treated wastewater during low-pressure filtration, total hydraulic resistance, and component resistances, i.e., the resistance of the “new” membrane and resistances resulting from the reversible and irreversible fouling phenomena. It has been observed that irreversible resistance arises in the short and early stages of the process. The efficiency is determined by reversible resistance, which is confirmed by the literature.

MODELING THE HYDRAULIC CHARACTERISTICS OF DRAIN VALVE AND BURST FITTING OF AN AIRCRAFT ACCIDENT-RESISTANT FUEL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
KONSTANTIN NAPREENKO ◽  
◽  
ROMAN SAVELEV ◽  
ALEKSEY TROFIMOV ◽  
ANNA LAMTYUGINA ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Hydraulic Resistance ◽  
Hydraulic Calculation ◽  
Fuel System ◽  
Hydraulic Characteristics ◽  
System A ◽  
Ansys Cfx ◽  
Calculation Results ◽  
Scale Experiment ◽  
Aircraft Accident

The article discusses methods for determining the hydraulic resistance of units of an accident-resistant fuel system. A detailed description of the need to create such fuel systems for modern helicopters is given. The development of such systems today is impossible without the use of the method of mathematical modeling, which allows to qualitatively solve problems arising in the design process. To obtain accurate research results, it is necessary to have a complete description of all elements and assemblies of the system. Methods for determining the hydraulic characteristics of AFS elements using the drag coefficient, reference literature and CFD codes are considered. As the investigated AFS units, a drain valve and burst fitting were studied in the article. A hydraulic calculation of these AFS elements ware performed, the simulation results are presented in the ANSYS CFX software package. Also as the calculation results of bursting fitting, the pressure distribution fields of full and static pressure, velocity and streamlines are also shown. An experimental setup for validating the results obtained using the mathematical modeling method is considered, as well as a methodology for conducting a full-scale experiment to determine the hydraulic resistance of the unit. Materials have been prepared for inclusion in a one-dimensional mathematical model of an accident-resistant fuel system.

scholarly journals Microbial Fouling of a Reverse Osmosis Municipal Water Treatment System

2008 ◽  
Vol 80 (8) ◽  
pp. 703-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven J. Wright ◽  
Jeremy D. Semrau ◽  
David R. Keeney
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Treatment System ◽  
Water Treatment System ◽  
Municipal Water

scholarly journals Application of forward osmosis in reusing the brackish concentrate produced in reverse osmosis plants with secondary treated wastewater as feed solution: a case study

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 533-543 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. D. Wang ◽  
M. Esparra ◽  
H. Liu ◽  
Y. F. Xie
Keyword(s):  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Water Flux ◽  
Forward Osmosis ◽  
Pump Energy ◽  
Feed Solution ◽  
Disinfection Byproducts ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Membrane Flux ◽  
Flux Decline

This study evaluated the feasibility of forward osmosis (FO) in diluting and reusing the concentrate produced in a reverse osmosis (RO) plant in James City County, VA. Secondary treated wastewater (STW) was used as the feed solution. Findings indicated that pH had slight effects on the water flux of the FO membrane. As the concentration of total dissolved solids (TDS) in the concentrate was diluted from 12.5 to 1.0 g/L or the temperature in the STW decreased from 23 to 10 °C, the membrane flux decreased from 2.2 to 0.59 and 0.81 L/(m2 h), respectively. The FO membrane showed a good performance in the rejection of organic pollutants, with only a small part of the protein-like substances and disinfection byproducts permeating to the diluted concentrate. During an 89-hour continuous operation, water flux decline due to membrane fouling was not observed. Controlling the TDS in the second-stage FO effluent at 1.5 g/L, approximately 8.3% of the pump energy input could be saved. The consumption of groundwater was reduced from 22.7 × 103 to 10.6 × 103 m3/d. FO was proved to be an effective method in both diluting the discharged concentrate and reducing the energy consumption of RO.

Water reuse for irrigation from waste water treatment plants with seasonal varied operation modes

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 47-53 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Cornel ◽  
B. Weber
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Treatment Process ◽  
Waste Water Treatment ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Nitrifying Bacteria ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Operation Modes ◽  
Waste Water Treatment Plants

Irrigation periods are usually limited to vegetation periods. The quality requirements for treated wastewater for disposal and for reuse are different. The reuse of water for irrigation allows partly the reuse of the wastewater's nutrients (N and P). Outside the irrigation period the water must be treated for disposal, thus nutrient removal is often required in order to avoid detrimental effects on the receiving surface water body. Only wastewater treatment plants with different operation modes for different seasons can realise these requirements. The nitrification is the most sensitive biological process in the aerobic wastewater treatment process. At low water temperatures the nitrifying bacteria need several weeks to re-start full nitrification after periods without NH4-removal. Therefore it is necessary to develop options for waste water treatment plants which allow a fast re-start of the nitrification process. Based on theoretical considerations and computer simulations of the activated sludge treatment process, one possibility for implementing a wastewater treatment plant with different seasonal operation modes is evaluated.

scholarly journals Perencanaan Sistem Pemanfaatan Air Hujan sebagai Air Siap Minum di Kantor Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi DKI Jakarta

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-148
Author(s):  
Ilham Tri Purnomo ◽  
M. Zaky Alfarisi ◽  
Mutioro Sukmono
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Water Tank ◽  
Raw Water

Curah hujan yang tinggi di Jakarta merupakan potensi yang luar biasa dan perlu dimanfaatkan. Pemanfaatan air hujan menjadi air siap minum di Gedung Dinas Pendidikan Provinsi DKI Jakarta merupakan sebuah terobosan penerapan konsep bangunan green building di daerah Ibukota DKI Jakarta. Perencanaan diawali dengan menghitung kebutuhan air minum untuk karyawan di kantor dengan kebutuhan air minum sebanyak 480 liter/hari atau 132.480 liter/tahun. Air hujan difilter dua kali untuk memenuhi standar air minum, sehingga air dapat dikonsumsi. Eksisting raw water tank digunakan untuk menampung air baku hasil filter awal (pretreatment). Sistem pengaliran airnya menggunakan sistem gabungan, air dipompakan dari bak penampung menuju rooftank atau reservoir dengan kapasitas volume sebesar 2550 m3, kemudian air didistribusikan ke lokasi tempat air minum. Pemilihan filter akhir (treatment) dipilih dari perbandingan antara sistem reverses osmosis, sistem depot air minum, dengan sistem dispenser (galon) dan dihasilkan metode reverse osmosis lebih baik dari segi kualitas air serta menguntungkan dari segi ekonomis. Pada tahun ke-2 modal awal yang telah dikeluarkan pada tahun pertama telah kembali. Kemudian pada tahun berikutnya penghematan biaya meningkat. Dibutuhkan biaya keseluruhan pelaksanaan sebesar Rp. 496.636.000,00. Kata Kunci: air hujan, air siap minum, reverse osmosis, water treatment

Efficiency of RO/NF membranes at the removal of veterinary antibiotics

2012 ◽  
Vol 65 (2) ◽  
pp. 317-323 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Dolar ◽  
A. Vuković ◽  
D. Ašperger ◽  
K. Košutić
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Synergistic Effect ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Antibiotic Residues ◽  
Veterinary Antibiotics ◽  
Aquaculture Feed ◽  
Municipal Biosolids ◽  
Land Disposal ◽  
High Level

The production of pharmaceuticals has increased rapidly during the last several decades as they have been used for the health of both humans and animals. Routes of environmental exposure include the release of treated wastewater, the land disposal of livestock manures and municipal biosolids (i.e. sewage sludge), as well as the use of medicated aquaculture feed. This study deals with application of reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration (NF) membranes for removing of antibiotic residues (sulfamethoxazole, trimethoprim, ciprofloxacin, dexamethasone and febantel) and their mixture. According to the results obtained in this work the use of RO (LFC–1 and XLE) and the tight NF (NF90) membranes are recommended to achieve a high level of retention (>95%) of all selected veterinary antibiotics (VAs). Nanofiltration NF270, NF and HL membranes showed a lower rejection of individual components, but much higher in a mixture solution, due to the synergistic effect.

Molecular dynamics study on the elucidation of polyamide membrane fouling by nonionic surfactants and disaccharides

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (36) ◽  
pp. 20313-20322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuki Kawabata ◽  
Ralph Rolly Gonzales ◽  
Keizo Nakagawa ◽  
Takuji Shintani ◽  
Hideto Matsuyama ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Dynamics ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Energy Efficient ◽  
Nonionic Surfactants ◽  
Separation Technology ◽  
Efficient Separation ◽  
Polyamide Membrane

Reverse osmosis (RO) is a widely used energy-efficient separation technology for water treatment.

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