scholarly journals Laboratory Scale Evaluation of Fertiliser Factory Wastewater Treatment through Membrane Distillation and Reverse Osmosis

Membranes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 610
Author(s):  
M. Tagliabue ◽  
J. Tonziello ◽  
A. Bottino ◽  
G. Capannelli ◽  
A. Comite ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Reverse Osmosis ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Laboratory Scale ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Solute Content ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Vacuum Membrane Distillation

The incumbent water stress scenario imposes wastewater valorisation to freshwater, promoting technology for its effective treatment. Wastewater from fertiliser factories is quite problematic because of its relevant acidity and solute content. Its treatment through vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) was evaluated through laboratory scale tests at 40 °C and 25 mbar vacuum pressure with polytetrafluoroethylene and polypropylene flat-sheet porous membranes. The wastewater from a partially disused Italian industrial site was considered. VMD distillate fluxes between 22 and 57.4 L m−2 h−1 (LMH), depending on the pore size of the membranes, along with very high retention (R > 99%) for anions (Cl−, NO3−, SO42−, PO43−), NH4+, and chemical oxygen demand (COD) were observed. Laboratory scale reverse osmosis (RO) tests at 25 °C and increasing of the operating pressure (from 20 bar to 40 bar) were carried out with a seawater desalination membrane for comparison purposes. Permeability values around 1.1 LMH/bar almost independently of the operating pressure were observed. Lower retentions than those measured from VMD tests were found. Finally, for any given RO operating pressure, the flux recovery ratio (FRR) calculated from permeate fluxes measured with pure water before and after wastewater treatment was always much lower that evaluated for VMD membranes.

scholarly journals Suitability of Macrophytes for Wastewater Treatment and Biogas Generation

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2S2) ◽  
pp. 16-18
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Aquatic Macrophytes ◽  
Aquatic Macrophyte ◽  
Biogas Production ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Cow Dung ◽  
Water Lettuce ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Almost All

In this paper three sustainable approaches are made in waste management option. Firstly primary treated domestic sewage is treated by aquatic macrophytes using duckweed, water hyacinth and water lettuce. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD), Chemical Oxygen Demand (COD), Total Suspended Solids (TSS), Total Dissolved Solids (TDS), Phosphate, Nitrates are tested before and after. Result indicates in terms of water quality, almost all three plants shows same removal efficiencies. BOD and TSS removal efficiency is attained more than 95%. COD and TDS removal is reached upto 50% for almost all plants. Secondly the used aquatic macrophytes for wastewater treatment is again used for generation of biogas (water lettuce unit, duckweed unit, water lettuce unit). In addition to three aquatic macrophytes, sludge is collected from aquatic macrophyte unit for generation of biogas. Comparison is made with conventional cow dung biogas unit. Result indicates water lettuce and duckweed produce biogas at earlier stage itself and water hyacinth takes some time for starting of biogas production. This may be due to the structure and texture causes some time for decomposition. Sludge gives maximum biogas generation among all experimental setup. Also in this study cow dung did not give biogas more may be due to poor blend ratio of cow dung with water is one of the reason.

scholarly journals Kapok Fibre as Membrane Distillation for Humic Acid Wastewater Treatment

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (11) ◽  
pp. 786-789
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Humic Acid ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Pure Water ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Permeate Flux ◽  
Hydrophobic Properties ◽  
Thermal Desalination ◽  
Feed Temperature

Membrane distillation (MD) is a process of combining membrane with thermal desalination where it operates at two different temperatures which are hot and cold. A vapour pressure resulted between the temperature differences of two sides of the membrane is called permeate flux. In this study, kapok fibre, which provides hydrophobic properties, has been chosen as an alternative solution for synthetic membrane in the MD process. Therefore, the primary purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of feed temperature ranging from 40 to 70℃ towards the separation of pure water from humic acid (HA) wastewater. An experimental investigation for the performance of vacuum membrane distillation (VMD) system was performed to treat the HA wastewater to produce pure water. The experimental set up of VMD was set with kapok fibre acting as a barrier that separates the collected pure water from HA wastewater, which is conducted for four hours. Based on this study, the increase in the amount of calculated permeate flux correlates to the increase of feed temperature. The calculated permeate flux is 0.237 kgh-1m -2 at the temperature of 40℃. The amount of calculated flux increases steadily to 0.4 and 0.6 kgh-1m -2 respectively for every 10℃ increments. Furthermore, the physical properties of kapok fibre were analysed by using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Surface morphology of the kapok fibre at the condition of before and after the MD process were studied without subjecting any chemical treatment on it. Accordingly, the physical properties of the kapok fibre were seen different after the MD process conducted. Additionally, the hydrophobic properties of the kapok fibre were evaluated by using an absorption test. The absorption test was conducted at varies temperature, which results in the highest percentage of absorptivity 4.823 % at 60℃. The hydrophobic kapok fibre has shown excellent properties that can be applied in the MD process and utilised in wastewater treatment.

scholarly journals Development of an electrocoagulation equipment for wall paint wastewater treatment

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Gonzalo Forero-Forero ◽  
Rocío Hernández-Lara ◽  
Omar Rojas
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Colloidal Particles ◽  
Current Source ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Chemical Compounds ◽  
Process Efficiency ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Electrocoagulation Process ◽  
A Current

This article describes the tests carried out to evaluate the process efficiency water treatment by electrocoagulation in construction paint waste water. Electrocoagulation process consists of an electrolytic reactor, equipped with a current source and electrodes responsible for providing the destabilizing ions of colloidal particles, so that they replace the function of the chemical compounds used in conventional wastewater treatment. For the experimental design, we use drinking water and wall paint, in order to treat the solution by electrocoagulation in a treatment scale plant to compare the results before and after treatment, the variables to be measured are: dissolved oxygen (DO); turbidity; pH; conductivity; temperature; chemical oxygen demand (COD).After review the efficiencies obtained, we proceed to the development of an equipment treatment that can treat the waste water from washing brushes and rollers to be reused again in the washing, avoiding contamination caused by washing tools after painting surfaces in construction processes.

scholarly journals Effect of Photooxidation on Nanofiltration Membrane Fouling During Wastewater Treatment from the Confectionery Industry

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 793
Author(s):  
Anna Marszałek ◽  
Ewa Puszczało
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Membrane Fouling ◽  
Cross Flow ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Industrial Applications ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Toc Removal ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Wastewater Quality ◽  
Uv Lamp

The research in this article aimed to present the possibilities of wastewater treatment coming from the confectionery plant in the nanofiltration (NF) process and the use of photooxidation to mitigate membrane fouling. The process was carried out initially in a dead-end flow system, where the most favorable membrane was selected. Next, the purification efficiency and blocking intensity of this membrane in the system were compared with cross flow. The next research involved the use of a photolytic oxidation process to pretreat sugar wastewater. UV radiation was emitted by a medium pressure mercury UV lamp model TQ 150 V. The effectiveness of the process was also evaluated based on the degree of pollutant load removal. The evaluation of the efficiency of a treatment process was based on the change of wastewater quality indicators before and after the membrane process. The following parameters were controlled: color, COD (chemical oxygen demand), TOC (total organic carbon), absorbance of UV254, nitrate, phosphate, ammonium, conductivity, and pH. During the course of pressure filtration, the following properties of the membrane were determined: the dependence of the volumetric flux of the permeate on the process duration, the permeability of the membrane, as well as the contact angle of the membranes. It was found that the use of UV reduced the phenomenon of fouling of nanofiltration membranes. The value of the permeate volumetric flow after the hour of running the process increased by 17%. However, no impact of UV on the efficiency of wastewater treatment was found. However, the NF process provided the required quality of treated wastewater that can be reused in industrial applications. The NF process resulted in a total decrease in absorbance, 99% TOC removal, and 98% color removal.

CFD SIMULATION OF TRANSPORT PHENOMENA IN WASTEWATER TREATMENT VIA VACUUM MEMBRANE DISTILLATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
pp. 515-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hadi Soltani ◽  
Rasool Pelalak ◽  
Zahra Heidari ◽  
Mehdi Ghadiri ◽  
Saeed Shirazian
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Cfd Simulation ◽  
Transport Phenomena ◽  
Membrane Distillation ◽  
Vacuum Membrane Distillation

Evaluation of the performance of the Tyson Foods wastewater treatment plant for nitrogen removal

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (11) ◽  
pp. 159-166
Author(s):  
E. Ubay-Cokgor ◽  
C.W. Randall ◽  
D. Orhon
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Removal ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽  
Suspended Solids ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Oxygen Demand ◽  
Total Suspended Solids ◽  
Biological Oxygen Demand ◽  
Average Flow Rate ◽  
Before And After

In this paper, the performance of the Tyson Foods wastewater treatment plant with an average flow rate of 6500 m3/d was evaluated before and after upgrading of the treatment system for nitrogen removal. This study was also covered with an additional recommendation of BIOWINTM BNR program simulation after the modification period to achieve an additional nutrient removal. The results clearly show that the upgrading was very successful for improved nitrogen removal, with a 57% decrease on the total nitrogen discharge. There also were slight reductions in the discharged loads of biological oxygen demand, total suspended solids, ammonium and total phosphorus with denitrification, even though the effluent flow was higher during operation of the nitrogen removal configuration.

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