scholarly journals WO3 and Ionic Liquids: A Synergic Pair for Pollutant Gas Sensing and Desulfurization

Metals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 475 ◽  
Author(s):  
Francesca D’Anna ◽  
Maria Luisa Grilli ◽  
Rita Petrucci ◽  
Marta Feroci
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Performance Enhancement ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Catalytic Efficiency ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
High Dispersion ◽  
Catalytic Material

This review deals with the notable results obtained by the synergy between ionic liquids (ILs) and WO3 in the field of pollutant gas sensing and sulfur removal pretreatment of fuels. Starting from the known characteristics of tungsten trioxide as catalytic material, many authors have proposed the use of ionic liquids in order to both direct WO3 production towards controllable nanostructures (nanorods, nanospheres, etc.) and to modify the metal oxide structure (incorporating ILs) in order to increase the gas adsorption ability and, thus, the catalytic efficiency. Moreover, ionic liquids are able to highly disperse WO3 in composites, thus enhancing the contact surface and the catalytic ability of WO3 in both hydrodesulfurization (HDS) and oxidative desulfurization (ODS) of liquid fuels. In particular, the use of ILs in composite synthesis can direct the hydrogenation process (HDS) towards sulfur compounds rather than towards olefins, thus preserving the octane number of the fuel while highly reducing the sulfur content and, thus, the possibility of air pollution with sulfur oxides. A similar performance enhancement was obtained in ODS, where the high dispersion of WO3 (due to the use of ILs during the synthesis) allows for noteworthy results at very low temperatures (50 °C).

scholarly journals Catalytic Oxidative/Extractive Desulfurization of Model Oil using Transition Metal Substituted Phosphomolybdates-Based Ionic Liquids

Catalysts ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (12) ◽  
pp. 639 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunlei Li ◽  
Yanjie Zhang ◽  
Panfeng Wu ◽  
Caiting Feng ◽  
Ganglin Xue
Keyword(s):  
Catalytic Activity ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Transition Metal ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
High Catalytic Activity ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Extraction Solvent ◽  
Model Oil ◽  
Optimal Reaction

Polyoxometalates based ionic liquids (POM-ILs) exhibit a high catalytic activity in oxidative desulfurization. In this paper, four new POM-IL hybrids based on transition metal mono-substituted Keggin-type phosphomolybdates, [Bmim]5[PMo11M(H2O)O39] (Bmim = 1-butyl 3-methyl imidazolium; M = Co2+, Ni2+, Zn2+, and Mn2+), have been synthesized and used as catalysts for the oxidation/extractive desulfurization of model oil, in which ILs are used as the extraction solvent and H2O2 as an oxidant under very mild conditions. The factors that affected the desulfurization efficiency were studied and the optimal reaction conditions were obtained. The results showed that the [Bmim]5[PMo11Co(H2O)O39] catalyst demonstrated the best catalytic activity, with sulfur-removal of 99.8%, 85%, and 63% for dibenzothiophene (DBT), 4,6-dimethyldibenzothiophene (4,6-DMDBT), and benzothiophene (BT), respectively, in the case of extraction combining with a oxidative desulfurization system under optimal reaction conditions (5 mL model oil (S content 500 ppm), n(catalyst) = 4 μmol, n(H2O2)/n(Substrate) = 5, T = 50 °C for 60 min with [Omim]BF4 (1 mL) as the extractant). The catalyst can be recycled at least 8 times, and still has stability and high catalytic activity for consecutive desulfurization. Probable reaction mechanisms have been proposed for catalytic oxidative/extractive desulfurization.

FeCl3 Based Imidazolium Ionic Liquids as Novel Solvents for Extractive–Oxidative Desulfurization of Liquid Fuels

2015 ◽  
Vol 44 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 652-668 ◽  
Author(s):  
Swapnil A. Dharaskar ◽  
Kailas L. Wasewar ◽  
Mahesh N. Varma ◽  
Diwakar Z. Shende
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Imidazolium Ionic Liquids

scholarly journals Optimization of Deep Oxidative Desulfurization Process Using Ionic Liquid and Potassium Monopersulfate

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinke Zhang ◽  
Hang Xu ◽  
Mengfan Jia ◽  
Zhuang Liu ◽  
Deqiang Qu
Keyword(s):  
Response Surface Methodology ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Sulfur Removal ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Optimal Conditions ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Desulfurization Process

Response surface methodology (RSM) was selected to optimize a desulfurization process with metal based ionic liquids ([Bmim]Cl/CoCl2) and potassium monopersulfate (PMS) together to remove benzothiophene (BT) from octane (simulating oil). The four experimental conditions of PMS dosage, [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2 dosage, temperature, and reaction time were investigated. The results showed that the quadratic relationship was built up between BT removal and four experimental variables with 0.9898 fitting coefficient. The optimal conditions were 1.6 g (20 wt%) PMS solution, 3.2 g [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2, 46°C, and 23 min, which were obtained based on RSM and experimental results. Under the optimal condition, predicted sulfur removal rate and experimental sulfur removal rate were 96.7% and 95.4%, respectively. The sequence of four experimental conditions on desulfurization followed the order temperature > time > [Bmim]Cl/CoCl2 dosage > PMS solution dosage.

Effectiveness of ionic liquids in extractive–oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuels: a review

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Komal Desai ◽  
Swapnil Dharaskar ◽  
Mohammad Khalid ◽  
Vidyadhar Gedam
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Liquid Fuels

Efficient non-catalytic oxidative and extractive desulfurization of liquid fuels using ionic liquids

RSC Advances ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (105) ◽  
pp. 103606-103617 ◽  
Author(s):  
Omar U. Ahmed ◽  
Farouq S. Mjalli ◽  
Talal Al-Wahaibi ◽  
Yahya Al-Wahaibi ◽  
Inas M. AlNashef
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Promising Alternative

Oxidative desulfurization (ODS) is one of the promising alternative and heavily researched desulfurization technologies.

One-pot extractive and oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuels with molecular oxygen in ionic liquids

RSC Advances ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (104) ◽  
pp. 59885-59889 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jianlong Wang ◽  
Qingping Guo ◽  
Changming Zhang ◽  
Kaixi Li
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquids ◽  
Molecular Oxygen ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
One Pot

One-pot extractive and oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuel by NHPI with molecular oxygen in ionic liquids.

scholarly journals Preparation and Gas Sensing Properties of PANI/SnO2 Hybrid Material

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 1360
Author(s):  
Qiaohua Feng ◽  
Huanhuan Zhang ◽  
Yunbo Shi ◽  
Xiaoyu Yu ◽  
Guangdong Lan
Keyword(s):  
Hybrid Material ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Tin Dioxide ◽  
Gas Adsorption ◽  
Gas Sensing ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Environmental Pollutants ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Benzene Vapor ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analyzer

A sensor operating at room temperature has low power consumption and is beneficial for the detection of environmental pollutants such as ammonia and benzene vapor. In this study, polyaniline (PANI) is made from aniline under acidic conditions by chemical oxidative polymerization and doped with tin dioxide (SnO2) at a specific percentage. The PANI/SnO2 hybrid material obtained is then ground at room temperature. The results of scanning electron microscopy show that the prepared powder comprises nanoscale particles and has good dispersibility, which is conducive to gas adsorption. The thermal decomposition temperature of the powder and its stability are measured using a differential thermo gravimetric analyzer. At 20 °C, the ammonia gas and benzene vapor gas sensing of the PANI/SnO2 hybrid material was tested at concentrations of between 1 and 7 ppm of ammonia and between 0.4 and 90 ppm of benzene vapor. The tests show that the response sensitivities to ammonia and benzene vapor are essentially linear. The sensing mechanisms of the PANI/SnO2 hybrid material to ammonia and benzene vapors were analyzed. The results demonstrate that doped SnO2 significantly affects the sensitivity, response time, and recovery time of the PANI material.

Enrichment of polymeric WOx species in WOx@SnO2 catalysts for ultra-deep oxidative desulfurization of liquid fuels

Fuel ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 290 ◽  
pp. 120036
Author(s):  
Antony Rajendran ◽  
Hong-Xia Fan ◽  
Tian-You Cui ◽  
Jie Feng ◽  
Wen-Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Desulfurization ◽  
Liquid Fuels
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