scholarly journals Hydrometallurgical Leaching of Copper Flash Furnace Electrostatic Precipitator Dust for the Separation of Copper from Bismuth and Arsenic

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 371
Author(s):  
Michael Caplan ◽  
Joseph Trouba ◽  
Corby Anderson ◽  
Shijie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Flash Furnace ◽  
Sulfurous Acid ◽  
Pourbaix Diagrams ◽  
Production Facilities

Flash furnace electrostatic precipitator dust (FF-ESP dust) is a recycle stream in some primary copper production facilities. This dust contains high amounts of copper. In some cases, the FF-ESP dust contains elevated levels of bismuth and arsenic, both of which cause problems during the electrorefining stages of copper production. Because of this, methods for separation of copper from bismuth and arsenic in FF-ESP dust are necessary. Hydrometallurgical leaching using a number of lixiviants, including sulfuric acid, sulfurous acid, sodium hydroxide, and water, were explored. Pourbaix diagrams of copper, bismuth, and arsenic were used to determine sets of conditions which would thermodynamically separate copper from bismuth and arsenic. The data indicate that water provides the best overall separation between copper and both bismuth and arsenic. Sodium hydroxide provided a separation between copper and arsenic. Sulfurous acid provided a separation between copper and bismuth. Sulfuric acid did not provide any separations between copper and bismuth or copper and arsenic.

The Influence of Heat and Two Stages Precipitation in the Process of Natural Polymer Purification from the Byproduct of Bioethanol Process Base on Empty Palm Fruit Bunch

2015 ◽  
Vol 1123 ◽  
pp. 177-181
Author(s):  
Achmad Hanafi ◽  
Harry Budiman ◽  
Fauzan Aulia
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Black Liquor ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Natural Polymer ◽  
Palm Fruit ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Direct Precipitation ◽  
Two Stages

The biopolymer material, lignin, was recovered from the black liquor by acidification of the black liquor using sulfuric acid. Several purification techniques were carried out to produce the high purity of lignin such as gradual precipitation of lignin from black liquor (first stage: precipitation at pH 7, second stage: precipitation at pH 2) and the diluting of crude lignin by sodium hydroxide then followed by re-precipitation at different temperature. Subsequently, the impurities of lignin product resulted from each purification techniques was determined as ash content that analyzed using temperature program furnace; and the content of lignin was investigated using spectrophotometer UV-Vis. The result showed that the content of lignin of material produced from gradual precipitation was approximately 77.6%. It was higher than the content of lignin about 3.4% of material produced from direct precipitation to pH 2. In addition, the elevating of temperature from 40 to 60°C was no considerably affect to the content of lignin in precipitate produced from re-precipitation of crude lignin solution in sodium hydroxide. Nonetheless, the content of lignin of precipitate improved 15% when the temperature of re-precipitation of crude lignin solution in sodium hydroxide was raised from room temperature to 40-60°C.

scholarly journals Arsenic in Chemical and Metallurgical Conversions of Copper-zinc Concentrates

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Evgeny Nikolaevich Selivanov ◽  
Dmitry Olegovich Novikov ◽  
Vyacheslav Vasi- Lyevich Belyaev ◽  
Gennady Veniaminovich Skopov
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Electrostatic Precipitator ◽  
Metallic Copper ◽  
Gas Treatment ◽  
Sulfuric Acid Production ◽  
Keywords Arsenic ◽  
Copper Zinc ◽  
Sulfide Concentrates ◽  
Impurity Elements

Due to the deterioration of the quality of obtained sulfide-copper concentrates, arsenic circulates and accumulates in the intermediate products, which reduces the quality of the metal and associated product – sulfuric acid. A method of estimation the distribution of impurity elements can be created using the recycling of sulfide concentrates by various technologies (including autogenous smelting, matte conversion and flotation of slags). This technique is based on solving balance equations for iron, copper and arsenic with known compositions of the resulting products. The obtained data were used to assess of the extraction of arsenic into produce outputs (slag, matte, dust, etc.). In this study, the concentration of arsenic in the dust of metallurgical processes and sludge for cleaning acid solutions is confirmed. The increased temperature in the electrostatic precipitator of gas purification of autogenous processes lead to a partial transition of arsenic into the gas stream directed to the sulfuric acid production. It is possible to regulate the fraction of transition of arsenic to dust and sulfuric acid while changing the operating temperature in the electrostatic precipitator. To a lesser extent arsenic is concentrated in the tails of flotation of slag (11.7%) and metallic copper (2.9%). These data are useful for substantiating measures for the wastes recycling and improvement of the ecological environment in the enterprise operating districts. Keywords: arsenic, autogenous melting, matte conversion, slag flotation, purified gas treatment, distribution, dust, sludge

scholarly journals PEMBUATAN MIKROKRISTALIN SELULOSA ROTAN MANAU (Calamus manan sp.) SERTA KARAKTERISASINYA

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven . ◽  
Mardiyati . ◽  
R. Suratman
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Natural Resources ◽  
Acid Hydrolysis ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
High Cellulose

Rattan is one of natural resources of Indonesia which contains 30%-40% cellulose. Its high cellulose contents makes it very potential as a source of microcrystalline cellulose (MCC). In this research, manau rattan was characterized by using the Chesson methods. Microcrystalline cellulose was prepared by using two methods, i.e. alkalization and acid hydrolysis. Alkalization was performed by soaking manau rattan powder into sodium hydroxide 17,5% for 8 hours. Acid hydrolysis was prepared by using sulfuric acid at a concentration of 0.1 M; 0.3 M; and 0.5 M for 4, 6, 8, and 10 hours. The crystallinity of MCC was quantitatively measured by XRD and qualitatively measured by using FTIR. In this research, we have successfully made microcrystalline cellulose from manau rattan. The highest crystallinity MCC of 72.42% was obtained from acid hydrolysis with 0.5 M for 10 hours. The crystallinity of the MCC product increases with concentration and hydrolysis time.Keywords: acid hydrolisis, alkalization, cellulose, manau rattan, MCCABSTRAKRotan merupakan salah satu kekayaan hayati Indonesia yang mengisi sepuluh persen hutan di Indonesia yang memiliki kadar selulosa mencapai 30-40%. Kadar selulosa yang cukup tinggi membuat rotan sangat berpotensi untuk dimanfaatkan sebagai bahan baku mikrokristalin selulosa (MCC). Rotan manau dikarakterisasi menggunakan metode Chesson. Pembuatan mikrokristalin selulosa terdiri atas dua tahap, yaitu alkalisasi dan hidrolisi asam. Tahap alkalisasi dilakukan dengan merendam rotan di dalam larutan NaOH 17,5% selama 8 jam. Tahap hidrolisis asam dilakukan dengan menggunakan asam sulfat pada berbagai konsentrasi, yakni 0,1; 0,3 dan 0,5 M selama 4, 6, 8, dan 10 jam. Kristalinitas dari MCC yang dihasilkan diukur dengan menggunakan XRD. Untuk mengetahui komposisi kimia serta kristalinitas MCC secara kualitatif, telah dilakukan karakterisasi dengan menggunakan FTIR. Pada penelitian ini, telah berhasil dibuat MCC yang bersumber dari rotan manau. Kristalinitas MCC tertinggi dihasilkan dengan perlakuan hidrolisis asam dengan konsentrasi 0,5 M selama 10 jam, yaitu sebesar 72,42%. Seiring dengan peningkatan konsentrasi serta waktu hidrolisis, kristalinitas MCC yang dihasilkan semakin tinggi.Kata kunci: alkalisasi, hidrolisis asam, selulosa, MCC, rotan manau

Behavior of lead and selenium during leaching of slurry by solution of trylon B at sulfuric acid workshop of Balkhsh copper production plant

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
K. A. Linnik ◽  
◽  
A. S. Sharipova ◽  
A. N. Zagorodnyaya ◽  
S. T. Akchulakova
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic Acid ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Leaching Process

The results of experiments for the study of behavior of lead and selenium during the leaching process of slurry by a solution of trylon B depending on parameters typical for hydrometallurgical processes and their ranges are presented. It has been found out that trylon B practically completely extracts lead into the solution, selenium is concentrated in cake. However, the process is accompanied by precipitation of ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (C10H16N2O8). Selenium-containing substances were determined in slurry and cakes.

Tribological behaviors of DLC films in sulfuric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions

2020 ◽  
Vol 52 (7) ◽  
pp. 396-406
Author(s):  
Wensheng Li ◽  
Dongqing He ◽  
Wei Ren ◽  
Liping Wang ◽  
Lunling Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Tribological Behaviors

scholarly journals Copper metallurgy at the crossroads

2007 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. Habashi
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Elemental Sulfur ◽  
Copper Production ◽  
Pressure Leaching ◽  
Copper Industry ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
The Past ◽  
Copper Metallurgy ◽  
Horizontal Furnace ◽  
Sulfide Concentrates

Copper technology changed from the vertical to the horizontal furnace and from the roast reaction to converting towards the end of the last century. However, the horizontal furnace proved to be an inefficient and polluting reactor. As a result many attempts were made to replace it. In the past 50 years new successful melting processes were introduced on an industrial scale that were more energy efficient and less polluting. In addition, smelting and converting were conducted in a single reactor in which the concentrate was fed and the raw copper was produced. The standing problem in many countries, however, is marketing 3 tonnes of sulfuric acid per tonne of copper produced as well as emitting large amounts of excess SO2 in the atmosphere. Pressure hydrometallurgy offers the possibility of liberating the copper industry from SO2 problem. Heap leaching technology has become a gigantic operation. Combined with solvent extraction and electrowinning it contributes today to about 20% of copper production and is expected to grow. Pressure leaching offers the possibility of liberating the copper industry from SO2 problem. The technology is over hundred years old. It is applied for leaching a variety of ores and concentrates. Hydrothermal oxidation of sulfide concentrates has the enormous advantage of producing elemental sulfur, hence solving the SO2 and sulfuric acid problems found in smelters. Precipitation of metals such as nickel and cobalt under hydrothermal conditions has been used for over 50 years. It has the advantage of a compact plant but the disadvantage of producing ammonium sulfate as a co-product. In case of copper, however, precipitation takes place without the need of neutralizing the acid, which is a great advantage and could be an excellent substitute for electrowinning which is energy intensive and occupies extensive space. Recent advances in the engineering aspects of pressure equipment design open the door widely for increased application. .

Latex Battery Separators. Preparation and Properties

1937 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 346-351
Author(s):  
H. W. Greenup ◽  
L. E. Olcott
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Electrical Resistance ◽  
Sodium Hydroxide Solution ◽  
Storage Battery ◽  
Preliminary Treatment ◽  
Actual Contact ◽  
Dilute Sodium Hydroxide ◽  
Port Orford Cedar ◽  
Highly Porous

Abstract THE commonly used electrical storage battery consists of alternate negative plates of sponge lead and positive plates of lead peroxide immersed in an electrolyte, sulfuric acid; the whole is enclosed in a hard rubber or bituminous composition case. These plates are ordinarily separated from one another by ribbed sheets of wood called “separators.” The separators prevent short circuiting of the plates caused by actual contact of the plates with each other or by “treeing” (formation of lead crystals between the plates). The separators must be thin, in order to make the battery as compact as possible, and yet must be durable. It is necessary that they be highly porous so that their electrical resistance will be low, but the pores must be sufficiently fine so that “treeing” does not take place. Wood separators are ordinarily made of Port Orford cedar. They are usually given a preliminary treatment in warm, dilute sodium hydroxide solution to swell them, thus increasing their porosity, and to remove injurious substances which cause self-discharge and corrosion of the plates. Wood separators have the advantage of being inexpensive and of having fairly low electrical resistance, but they are not so resistant to the action of sulfuric acid and the oxidizing action in the cell as is desirable. They are, in many cases, the first part of the storage battery to fail and must then be replaced if the battery is to give further service.

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