scholarly journals Quantitative Examination of the Inclusion and the Rotated Bending Fatigue Behavior of SAE52100

Metals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 1502
Author(s):  
Xueliang An ◽  
Zhiyue Shi ◽  
Haifeng Xu ◽  
Cunyu Wang ◽  
Yuhui Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Inclusion Size ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Basic Oxygen Furnace ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Characterization Methods ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Metallographic Method ◽  
Bending Fatigue Test

This study investigated the effect of maximum inclusion on the life of SAE52100 bearing steel processed by two different melting routes, vacuum induction melting plus electroslag remelting (VIM + ESR), and basic oxygen furnace plus ladle furnace plus vacuum degassing process (BOF + LF + RH) by the metallographic method, Aspex explorer, and rotated bending fatigue test. The rotated bending method was applied to examine the maximum inclusion size in a satisfactory manner, whereas both the metallographic method and Aspex explorer underestimated the result. Regardless of the characterization methods, the results show that the total number of inclusions in VIM + ESR melted steel is significantly higher than that in BOF + LF + RH processed steel, but the maximum inclusion size of VIM + ESR melted steel is significantly smaller than that of the BOF + LF + RH degassed steel. The distribution of the maximum inclusion size could be well fitted by the inverse Weibull distribution and could be well applied to reveal the different inclusion size distribution based on the data examined by the rotated bending fatigue method. Finally, a new equation was proposed to establish the relationship among the loading stress amplitude, rotated bending fatigue number, and the maximum inclusion size.

A Study onP-S-NCurve for Rotating Bending Fatigue Test for Bearing Steel

2008 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 166-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katsuji Tosha ◽  
Daisuke Ueda ◽  
Hirokazu Shimoda ◽  
Shigeo Shimizu
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Bending Fatigue Test ◽  
Rotating Bending Fatigue ◽  
Rotating Bending

Heat treatment effect on fatigue behavior of 3D-printed maraging steels

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tugce Tezel ◽  
Volkan Kovan
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Maraging Steels ◽  
Bending Fatigue Test ◽  
Rotating Bending Fatigue ◽  
Rotating Bending ◽  
Service Conditions

Purpose This study aims to reveal that fatigue life is improved using heat treatment in the rotational bending fatigue test, which determines the fatigue behavior closest to service conditions. Design/methodology/approach It is essential to know the mechanical behavior of the parts produced by additive manufacturing under service conditions. In general, axial stress and plane bending tests are used by many researchers because they are practical: the service conditions cannot be sufficiently stimulated. For this reason, the rotating bending fatigue test, which represents the conditions closest to the service conditions of a load-bearing machine element, was chosen for the study. In this study, the rotational bending fatigue behavior of X3NiCoMoTi18-9–5 (MS1) maraging steel specimens produced by the selective laser melting (SLM) technique was experimentally investigated under various heat treatments conditions. Findings As a result of the study, MS1 produced by additive manufacturing is a material suitable for heat treatment that has enabled the heat treatment to affect fatigue strength positively. Cracks generally initiate from the outer surface of the sample. Fabrication defects have been determined to cause all cracks on the sample surface or regions close to the surface. Research limitations/implications While producing the test sample, printing was vertical to the print bed, and various heat treatments were applied. The rotating bending fatigue test was performed on four sample groups comprising as-fabricated, age-treated, solution-treated and solution + age-treated conditions. Originality/value Most literature studies have focused on the axial fatigue strength, printing orientation and heat treatment of maraging steels produced with Direct Metal Laser Sintering (DMLS); many studies have also investigated crack propagation behaviors. There are few studies in the literature covering conditions of rotating bending fatigue. However, the rotating bending loading state is the service condition closest to modern machine element operating conditions. To fill this gap in the literature, the rotating bending fatigue behavior of the alloy, which was maraging steel (X3NiCoMoTi18-9–5, 1.2709) produced by SLM, was investigated under a variety of heat treatment conditions in this study.

CARPENTER VIM-VAR M-50 BEARING STEEL

Alloy Digest ◽  
1991 ◽  
Vol 40 (7) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Vacuum Arc ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Vacuum Arc Remelting ◽  
Temperature Performance ◽  
High Degree

Abstract CARPENTER VIM-VAR M-50 Bearing Steel is produced by vacuum induction melting and vacuum arc remelting. The alloy's high degree of cleanliness enables it to be finished to a high luster. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, elasticity, and tensile properties. It also includes information on high temperature performance as well as forming and heat treating. Filing Code: TS-360. Producer or source: Carpenter. Originally published as Carpenter M-50, April 1980, revised July 1991.

Resonant Bending Fatigue Test Setup for Pipes With Optical Displacement Measuring System

2012 ◽  
Vol 134 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeroen Van Wittenberghe ◽  
Patrick De Baets ◽  
Wim De Waele ◽  
Wouter Ost ◽  
Matthias Verstraete ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Fatigue Cracks ◽  
Pressure Gauge ◽  
Preliminary Test ◽  
Measuring System ◽  
Wave Form ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Optical Displacement ◽  
Bending Fatigue Test ◽  
Dynamic Measuring

Pipes and tubular members are used in offshore applications as structural elements, such as columns or in transport pipelines, risers, etc. When subjected to dynamic loads, weld defects or geometrical stress raisers can initiate fatigue cracks, causing the columns or pipelines to fail prematurely. In order to investigate the fatigue behavior of pipe joints, a resonant bending fatigue setup was designed, suitable for testing pipes within a diameter range from 6 in. to 20 in. In this setup, the pipe, filled with water, is subjected to a dynamic excitation force with a frequency close to the natural frequency of the filled pipe. The force is applied using a unique drive unit with excentric masses. The pipe is supported in the nodes of its natural wave-form, so that no dynamic forces are transmitted to the setup. The deformation of the pipe is measured at discrete locations using an optical 3D dynamic measuring system. Through-thickness fatigue cracks can be detected by pressurizing the water in the pipe and applying a pressure gauge. In this paper, some unique aspects of the design of the resonant bending fatigue setup are discussed by presenting the results of a semianalytical model used for calculating the deformation and bending stress in the excitated pipe and by comparing these results to the deformation measurements made by the dynamic measuring system. The working principles of the setup are illustrated by showing the preliminary test results for a 12 in. diameter X65 steel pipe with a wall thickness of 12.7 mm. It is demonstrated that the model predicts the behavior of the pipe in the setup very accurately.

Estimating the Endurance Limit of 9310, 4340M, and 4360 Steel Gears

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chien Wern ◽  
Hormoz Zareh ◽  
Matt Carter ◽  
Kelly Jones ◽  
Mike Renzelmann
Keyword(s):  
Endurance Limit ◽  
Fatigue Behavior ◽  
Test Fixture ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Yield Load ◽  
Face Width ◽  
Single Tooth ◽  
Bending Fatigue Test ◽  
Number Of Cycles ◽  
Cycles To Failure

Abstract Single tooth bending fatigue behavior of three gear alloys, namely carburized 9310, induction hardened 4340M and 4360 alloys were examined. The alloys were fabricated into gears having a module of 2.12 (12 diametral pitch) with 12.7 mm (1/2 inch) face width. As the gear geometry was different from that recommended in SAE Single Tooth Gear Bending Fatigue Test standard (SAE-J1619), a test fixture was designed to accommodate these gears. The fixture has the added feature of conjugate action, not found in the SAE test standard. The gears were slowly bent in the fixture to determine the yield load. Then fatigue loads of 85%, 75%, and 65% of yield load were used to determine the number of cycles to failure. The expected endurance limit for single tooth bending fatigue was determined statistically from the finite portion of the load-cycles to failure curve.

Microstructure in soft magnetic E3 (S1, Al) (Sendust) alloys

1988 ◽  
Vol 46 ◽  
pp. 770-771
Author(s):  
June D. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Ternary Phase Diagram ◽  
Vertical Tube ◽  
Vacuum Induction Melting ◽  
Induction Melting ◽  
Soft Magnetic ◽  
Quenching Temperature ◽  
Thin Foils ◽  
Vertical Tube Furnace

Iron-base alloys containing 8-11 wt.% Si, 4-8 wt.% Al, known as “Sendust” alloys, show excellent soft magnetic properties. These magnetic properties are strongly dependent on heat treatment conditions, especially on the quenching temperature following annealing. But little has been known about the microstructure and the Fe-Si-Al ternary phase diagram has not been established. In the present investigation, transmission electron microscopy (TEM) has been used to study the microstructure in a Sendust alloy as a function of temperature.An Fe-9.34 wt.% Si-5.34 wt.% Al (approximately Fe3Si0.6Al0.4) alloy was prepared by vacuum induction melting, and homogenized at 1,200°C for 5 hrs. Specimens were heat-treated in a vertical tube furnace in air, and the temperature was controlled to an accuracy of ±2°C. Thin foils for TEM observation were prepared by jet polishing using a mixture of perchloric acid 15% and acetic acid 85% at 10V and ∼13°C. Electron microscopy was performed using a Philips EM 301 microscope.

A FAST ROTATING BENDING FATIGUE TEST MACHINE

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Antonio Meggiolaro ◽  
Jaime T P Castro ◽  
Rodrigo de Moura Nogueira
Keyword(s):  
Fatigue Test ◽  
Test Machine ◽  
Bending Fatigue ◽  
Bending Fatigue Test ◽  
Rotating Bending Fatigue ◽  
Rotating Bending ◽  
Fast Rotating
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