scholarly journals Effect of Laser Peening Process Parameters and Sequences on Residual Stress Profiles

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 655 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zina Kallien ◽  
Sören Keller ◽  
Volker Ventzke ◽  
Nikolai Kashaev ◽  
Benjamin Klusemann
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Stress Component ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Laser Peening ◽  
Electron Backscattered Diffraction ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

Laser Peening (LP) is a surface modification technology that can induce high residual stresses in a metallic material. The relation between LP process parameters, in particular laser sequences, as well as pulse parameters and the resulting residual stress state was investigated in this study. The residual stress measurements, performed with the hole drilling technique, showed a non-equibiaxial stress profile in laser peened AA2024-T3 samples with a clad layer for certain parameter combinations. Shot overlap and applied energy density were found to be crucial parameters for the characteristic of the observed non-equibiaxial residual stress profile. Furthermore, the investigation showed the importance of the advancing direction, as the advancing direction influences the direction of the higher compressive residual stress component. The direction of higher residual stresses was parallel or orthogonal to the rolling direction of the material. The effect was correlated to the microstructural observation obtained via electron backscattered diffraction. Additionally, for peening with two sequences of different advancing directions, the study showed that the order of applied advancing directions was important for the non-equibiaxiality of the resulting residual stress profile.

scholarly journals Cross-Sectional Mapping of Residual Stresses by Measuring the Surface Contour After a Cut

2000 ◽  
Vol 123 (2) ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. B. Prime
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Stress Measurement ◽  
Superposition Principle ◽  
New Method ◽  
Contour Method ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Relaxation Methods ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

A powerful new method for residual stress measurement is presented. A part is cut in two, and the contour, or profile, of the resulting new surface is measured to determine the displacements caused by release of the residual stresses. Analytically, for example using a finite element model, the opposite of the measured contour is applied to the surface as a displacement boundary condition. By Bueckner’s superposition principle, this calculation gives the original residual stresses normal to the plane of the cut. This “contour method” is more powerful than other relaxation methods because it can determine an arbitrary cross-sectional area map of residual stress, yet more simple because the stresses can be determined directly from the data without a tedious inversion technique. The new method is verified with a numerical simulation, then experimentally validated on a steel beam with a known residual stress profile.

scholarly journals Parametric Study of Fixtured Vibropeening

Metals ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 910 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chan ◽  
Ahluwalia ◽  
Gopinath
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Continuous Treatment ◽  
Optimal Time ◽  
Process Time ◽  
Time Range ◽  
Work Piece ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Process Step ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

Vibropeening is a surface treatment process, which combines the peening effect of introducing residual stress with the polishing effect of reducing surface roughness in one single process step. Vibropeening equipment induces vibrations into the media to impart residual compressive stresses in sub-surface layers, as well as polishing on the surface of the work piece. In addition to process parameters, such as vibration frequency, amplitude, and media mass, which are well known in literature, this paper will focus on the study of two additional parameters: immersion depth and process time. It was found that the lower-middle section of the vibratory trough produced the highest Almen deflection. Different continuous treatment times were also studied to explore the maximum introducible residual compressive stress state, and it was concluded that an optimal time range is required to achieve the best residual stress profile. The study demonstrates that different process parameters can influence the effectiveness of the vibropeening process, and that these can be potentially optimized for higher treatment capability.

A Numerical Study on the Redistribution of Residual Stress After Machining

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunyang Lin ◽  
Wenhu Wang ◽  
Ruisong Jiang ◽  
Yifeng Xiong
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Stress Field ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Cutting Speed ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Residual Stress Field ◽  
Machining Processes ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

Machining induced residual stresses have an important effect on the surface integrity. Effects of various factors on the distribution of residual stress profiles induced by different machining processes have been investigated by many researchers. However, the initial residual, as one of the important factor that affect the residual stress profile, is always been ignored. In this paper, the residual stress field induced by the quenching process is simulated by the FEM software as the initial condition. Then the initial residual stress field is used to study the residual stress redistribution after the machining process. The influence of initial stress on the stress formation is carried out illustrating with the mechanical and thermal loads during machining processes. The effects of cutting speed on the distribution of residual stress profile are also discussed. These results are helpful to understand how initial residual stresses are redistributed during machining better. Furthermore, the results in the numerical study can be used to explain the machining distortion problem caused by residual stress in the further work.

Measurement of Residual Stresses in a Nozzle-to-Cylinder Weld After Thermal Ageing at 550°C

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Hossain ◽  
C. E. Truman ◽  
D. J. Smith ◽  
P. J. Bouchard
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Hoop Stress ◽  
Thermal Ageing ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Aged Condition ◽  
Steel Component ◽  
Stress Measurements ◽  
Test Treatment

This paper presents results from a programme of experimental measurements of residual stresses in a type 316H stainless steel component consisting of a nozzle welded to a cylinder. The residual stresses were measured using the deep-hole drilling (DHD) technique. The welded component had been thermally aged in a furnace at 550°C for 19,644 hours prior to the residual stress measurements. Measurements were obtained in the through-thickness section of the component at two locations: (i) in the cylinder heat affected zone (HAZ) at the flank of the nozzle-to-cylinder weld intersection and (ii) in the cylinder HAZ near the crown of the nozzle-to-cylinder weld intersection. The stress measurements made after the furnace heat soak treatment are compared with the earlier as-welded stress measurements. In comparison with as-welded residual stress measurements on the same component and with residual stresses in a service-aged (55,000 hours at 525°C) component, it was evident that the thermal soak test treatment had significantly relaxed the weld residual stresses. In particular the soak test hoop stress profile was almost identical to the service-aged condition, whereas the transverse stress distribution had only been partially relaxed by the thermal soak test.

Influence of cooling rate on residual stress profile in veneering ceramic: Measurement by hole-drilling

2011 ◽  
Vol 27 (9) ◽  
pp. 906-914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amélie K. Mainjot ◽  
Gary S. Schajer ◽  
Alain J. Vanheusden ◽  
Michaël J. Sadoun
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

Residual Stress in Plain Carbon Steel Induced by Laser Hardening

2015 ◽  
Vol 812 ◽  
pp. 321-326 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Filep ◽  
Márton Benke ◽  
Valéria Mertinger ◽  
Gábor Buza
Keyword(s):  
Heat Transfer ◽  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Plain Carbon Steel ◽  
Laser Hardening ◽  
Manufacturing Processes ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Multiple Sources ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Hardening Treatment

Technological residual stresses have great importance in the manufacturing processes and the lifetime of components. The residual stresses formed by quenching can be very diverse because of its multiple sources. Alternative quenching processes such as laser hardening have a great potential for different applications. The direction of heat transfer during laser hardening is the opposite compared to conventional quenching. This further increases the complexity of the developed stress state. The residual stress profile and the microstructure formed by laser hardening treatment are investigated in the present manuscript.

Experimental/Modelling Study of Residual Stress in Al/SiCp Bent Bars by Synchrotron XRD and Slitting Eigenstrain Methods

2008 ◽  
Vol 571-572 ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xu Song ◽  
Solène Chardonnet ◽  
Giancarlo Savini ◽  
Shu Yan Zhang ◽  
Willem J.J. Vorster ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Residual Strain ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Front Face ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Residual Stress Profile

The aim of the study presented here was to evaluate the residual stresses present in a bar of aluminium alloy 2124-T1 matrix composite (MMC) reinforced with 25vol% particulate silicon carbide (SiCp) using X-ray diffraction and 3D profilometry (curvature measurement using Mitutoyo/Renishaw coordinate measurement machine) and comparing these results with numerical models of residual strain and stress profiles obtained by a simple inelastic bending model and Finite Element Analysis (FEA). The residual strain distribution was introduced into the test piece by plastic deformation in the 4-point bending configuration. At the first stage of this study the elasticplastic behaviour of the MMC was characterized under static and cyclic loading to obtain the material parameters, hardening proprieties and cyclic hysteresis loops. Subsequently, synchrotron Xray diffraction and CMM curvature measurements were performed to deduce the residual stress profile in the central section of the bar. The experimental data obtained from these measurements were used in the inelastic bending and FEA simulations. The specimens were then subjected to incremental slitting using EDM (electric discharge machining) with continuous back and front face strain gauge monitoring. The X-ray diffraction and incremental slitting results were then analysed using direct and inverse eigenstrain methods. Residual stresses plots obtained by different methods show good agreement with each other.

Detailed Analysis of Residual Stress Profile at Micro-Scale in Transmission Laser Bonded Titanium/Polyimide System

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ankitkumar P. Dhorajiya ◽  
Mohammed S. Mayeed ◽  
Gregory W. Auner ◽  
Ronald J. Baird ◽  
Golam M. Newaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Laser Beam ◽  
Stress Analysis ◽  
Detailed Analysis ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Stress Profiles ◽  
Residual Stress Analysis

Detailed analysis of residual stress profile due to laser micro-joining of two dissimilar biocompatible materials, polyimide (PI) and titanium (Ti), is vital for the long-term application of bio-implants. In this work, a comprehensive three dimensional (3D) transient model for sequentially coupled thermo-mechanical analysis of transmission laser micro-joining of two dissimilar materials has been developed by using the finite element (FE) code ABAQUS, along with a moving Gaussian laser heat source. The laser beam (wavelength of 1100 nm and diameter of 0.2 mm), moving at an optimized velocity, passes through the transparent PI, gets absorbed by the absorbing Ti, and eventually melts the PI to form the bond. The laser bonded joint area is 6.5 mm long by 0.3 mm wide. First the transient heat transfer analysis is performed and the nodal temperature profile has been achieved, and then used as an input for the residual stress analysis. Non-uniform mixed meshes have been used and optimized to formulate the 3D FE model and ensure very refined meshing around the bond area. Heat resistance between the two materials has been modeled by using the thermal surface interaction technique, and melting and solidification issues have been approximated in the residual stress analysis by using the appropriate material properties at corresponding temperature. First the model has been used to observe a good bonding condition with the laser parameters like laser traveling speed, power, and beam diameter (burnout temperature of PI > maximum temperature of PI achieved during heating > melting temperature of PI) and a good combination has been found to be 100 mm/min, 3.14 W and 0.2 mm respectively. Using this combination of parameters in heating, the residual stress profile of the laser-micro-joint has been calculated using FE model after cooling the system down to room temperature of 27 °C and analyzed in detail by plotting the stress profiles on the Ti and PI surfaces. Typically the residual stress profiles on the PI surface show low value in the middle, increase to higher values at about 160 μm from the centerline of the laser travel symmetrically at both sides, and to the contrary, on Ti surface show higher values near the centerline of traveling laser beam. The residual stresses have slowly dropped away on both the surfaces as the distance from the bond region increased further. Maximum residual stresses on both the Ti and PI surfaces are at the end of the laser travel, and are in the orders of the yield stresses of respective materials.

Assessment and Minimization of the Residual Stress in Dissimilar Laser Welding

2007 ◽  
Vol 7-8 ◽  
pp. 139-144 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khaled Y. Benyounis ◽  
Abdul Ghani Olabi ◽  
J.H. Abboud
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Process Parameters ◽  
Random Order ◽  
Travel Speed ◽  
Maximum Principal Stress ◽  
Hole Drilling ◽  
Hole Drilling Method ◽  
Maximum Residual Stress ◽  
Input Variables

Establishing the relationship between process parameters and the magnitude of residual stresses is essential to determine the life of welded components. It is the aim of this paper to develop mathematical models to assess residual stresses in the heat-affected zone of dissimilar butt jointed welds of AISI304 and AISI1016. These models determine the effect of process parameters on maximum residual stress. Laser power, travel speed and focal position are the process input parameters. Plates of 3 mm thick of both materials were laser welded using a 1.5 kW CW CO2 Rofin laser as a welding source. Hole-drilling method was used to compute the maximum principal stress in and around the HAZ of both sides of the joint. The experiment was designed based on a three factors five levels full central composite design (CCD). Twenty different welding runs were performed in a random order, 6 of them were centre point replicates and the maximum residual stresses were calculated for each sample. Design-expert software was used to fit the experiential data to a second order polynomial. Sequential F test and other adequacy measures were used to check the model’s performance. The results show that the developed models explain the residual stress successfully. Using the developed models, the main and interaction effect of the process input variables on the residual stresses at either side of the weld were investigated. It is found that all the investigated laser parameters are affecting the performance of the residual stress significantly.

scholarly journals Residual Stresses Distributions in Grinding of 3J33 Maraging Steel with Miniature Electroplated CBN Wheel

2019 ◽  
Vol 256 ◽  
pp. 01002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shouguo Shen ◽  
Beizhi Li ◽  
Weicheng Guo
Keyword(s):  
Residual Stress ◽  
Residual Stresses ◽  
Maraging Steel ◽  
Ground Surface ◽  
Stress Profile ◽  
Residual Stress Profile ◽  
Compressive Stresses ◽  
Grinding Speed ◽  
Grinding Conditions

It is well known that the residual stresses on the ground surface and the subsurface can influence the service quality of a component, such as fatigue life, tribological properties, and distortion. In this paper, an experimental investigation was conducted to determine the effects of grinding force, temperature and grinding conditions, such as grinding speed, workpiece speed and grinding depth, on the surface and in-depth residual stresses distributions induced by grinding of 3J33 maraging steel with the miniature electroplated CBN Wheels. The results show that a ‘hook’ shaped residual stress profile is generated with the maximum compressive stresses occur at the depth of 3-14 ?m below the ground surface. There is a good correlation between residual stress and cutting force, but the trend related to grinding temperature is not obvious. The main grinding parameters affecting the residual stresses distributions is grinding speed, while the workpiece speed and grinding depth have the least effect.

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